MANAGEMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF THE CHEBOKSARY RESERVOIR

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inna Nikonorova ◽  
Inna Nikonorova
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Cheboksary Reservoir ◽  
Functional Zoning ◽  
Area Of Influence ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Special Protection Areas ◽  
Conceptual Foundations

Cheboksary reservoir impact to the coast is manifested in the geophysical impact associated with abrasion activities. Geomorphological area of influence at the moment reaches a width of about 40 m, where are the coasts reformation (erosion, collapse, slumping, sliding, transfer or accumulation of sediments, waterlogged processes). Hydrogeological impact is effect on the level of groundwater. We have proposed the conceptual foundations of functional zoning of the reservoir banks that will help to optimize its operation. Selection zones came in accordance with the principles of landscape planning: 1. The zone of strict water protection: the main purpose – preservation of needing special protection areas. 2. The zone of moderate restrictions: preservation extensively used landscapes. 3. The zone of partial restrictions: improving the pre-emptive particularly vulnerable areas and changing intensity or type of use. 4. The zone of conservation of natural components in agricultural landscapes: ensuring health of the natural environment in the habitats used in agricultural economy. 5. The zone of preservation of vacant space and the natural environment in the settlements: to maintain the required quantity and quality of available green space in the large towns. 6. The zone of improving heavily used areas: elimination of harmful stress and environmental sanitation in the countryside where economic activities and the lack of measures to reduce their risks lead to degradation natural system.

MANAGEMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF THE CHEBOKSARY RESERVOIR

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inna Nikonorova ◽  
Inna Nikonorova
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Cheboksary Reservoir ◽  
Functional Zoning ◽  
Area Of Influence ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Special Protection Areas ◽  
Conceptual Foundations

Cheboksary reservoir impact to the coast is manifested in the geophysical impact associated with abrasion activities. Geomorphological area of influence at the moment reaches a width of about 40 m, where are the coasts reformation (erosion, collapse, slumping, sliding, transfer or accumulation of sediments, waterlogged processes). Hydrogeological impact is effect on the level of groundwater. We have proposed the conceptual foundations of functional zoning of the reservoir banks that will help to optimize its operation. Selection zones came in accordance with the principles of landscape planning: 1. The zone of strict water protection: the main purpose – preservation of needing special protection areas. 2. The zone of moderate restrictions: preservation extensively used landscapes. 3. The zone of partial restrictions: improving the pre-emptive particularly vulnerable areas and changing intensity or type of use. 4. The zone of conservation of natural components in agricultural landscapes: ensuring health of the natural environment in the habitats used in agricultural economy. 5. The zone of preservation of vacant space and the natural environment in the settlements: to maintain the required quantity and quality of available green space in the large towns. 6. The zone of improving heavily used areas: elimination of harmful stress and environmental sanitation in the countryside where economic activities and the lack of measures to reduce their risks lead to degradation natural system.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF CREATING AN ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK OF AGRO-LANDSCAPES IN THE TERRITORY OF ALTAI KRAI

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-361
Author(s):  
O.N. Baryshnikova ◽  
A.P. Olfert ◽  
A.G. Repko ◽  
Yu.I. Fatueva
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Ecological Framework ◽  
Natural Landscapes ◽  
Forest Belts ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Protective Forest ◽  
Network Tree

On the example of the territory of the Altai Krai, the article traces the consequences of destruction of the natural landscapes structure, the creation of artificial elements of their ecological framework of agricultural landscapes, which currently needs restoration and optimization. The thesis is substantiated that the ecological frame of the Altai Krai territory should be as close as possible to the structure of its natural landscapes, which will ensure the productivity of farmland. The most important elements of the ecological framework of forest-steppe and especially steppe landscapes are forest belts, for the creation of which it is necessary to use elements of a water-erosion network, tree species that form a zonal type of vegetation. Creating a system of protective forest plantations in combination with ponds and terrace embankments can increase crop yields up to 25-50 centners per hectare. Landscape planning can serve as a tool for creating an ecological framework for a territory.

scholarly journals Problems of Formation of Ecological Networks for Environmental Safety of Odesa Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 05002
Author(s):  
Victoria Yavorska ◽  
Kateryna Kolomiyets ◽  
Valentina Trigub ◽  
Ihor Hevko ◽  
Olexandra Chubrei
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Ecological Networks ◽  
General Level ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Ecological Network ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Ecological Capacity ◽  
Level Of Economic Development

Currently, the concept of sustainable development of nature and society is gaining relevance, a key aspect of which is the development of the ecological network. In Ukraine, there is a regulatory framework for the formation of an ecological network of three levels - Pan-European, National and regional. One of the important problems is that in the developed schemes of regional eco-networks should be interconnected to the eco-networks of neighboring regions and countries. The main features of the ecological network of the Odesa region are due to its coastal position and location mainly in the Steppe, partly Forest-Steppe landscape zones. The region includes vast areas of coastal territories and coastal waters - coastal zones, which concentrate unique protected areas. Mandatory basis for the formation of ecological networks is land use. The proposed concept of geoplanning is based on planning developments of the main components of the territory: the natural environment; population; economic activity. The basic characteristics of the natural environment are the landscape map and physical and geographical zoning of the territory. Maps of resilience of the natural environment to man-caused load, natural and ecological potential of the territory, levels of ecological and economic balance have already been drawn up. This series of maps for the needs of planning the territory of Ukraine should be continued by project maps of national and regional ecological networks, as well as maps of ecological capacity of the territory for population settlement, various economic activities and the general level of economic development in general. For the needs of spatial planning it is necessary to emphasize the levels of anthropogenic and urban pressures on the natural environment in the settlement of the population. Allocation of water fund lands in kind and strict regulation of their use is the main prerequisite for the formation of ecological networks of Ukraine and its regions.

scholarly journals Basic principles of reclaimed agricultural landscapes sustainability formation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Vasilyev ◽  
◽  
A. N. Babichev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Moisture Supply ◽  
Irrigated Lands

Purpose: to establish the basic principles of the organization of reclamed agricultural landscapes and to substantiate the use of the agricultural landscape approach in the organization of the territory. Materials and Methods. When preparing this article, the materials of Russian scientists dealing with the issues of soil fertility conservation and ecological sustainability of reclaimed agricultural landscapes were considered. The methods used were analysis, generalization, synthesis and other methods of working with literary sources on this issue. Results. In performing the work, the main principles and indicators were determined, such as productivity, sustainability, the rule of transforming measures for the natural environment, optimization of the agricultural landscape, authenticity, principles of the formation of reclaimed agricultural landscapes, the complexity of the reclamation impact, the required diversity, the uniqueness of the reclamation impact. The basic requirements for the preservation of soil fertility of reclaimed irrigated agricultural landscape have been established. It was found that to maintain ecological balance within the irrigated agricultural landscape, it is necessary to adhere to the indicators of the reclamation load of the natural environment. The limits of agricultural lands saturation in reclaimed agricultural landscapes for various agro-climatic zones have been substantiated and recommended. Conclusions. It has been determined that the coefficient of reclamation loading of irrigated lands, showing the maximum share of irrigated lands that can be irrigated in a particular climatic zone, varies from 0.3 in the forest-steppe zone to 0.60–0.85 in the semi-desert and desert zone. This suggests that with an increase in moisture supply, this indicator decreases, the recommended amount of agricultural land in various agroclimatic zones varies from 30 to 87 %, while the area of arable land should not exceed 20–25 % in a very dry zone, and with an increase in moisture supply, it can increase up to 80 % in the semi-arid zone. The amount of irrigated land in the reclaimed agricultural landscape should not exceed 18–20 %. Irrigated meadows and pastures should account for 1–2 to 5–6 % of the area.

Is Sustaniable Tourism a Leverage FOR Economic Development?

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-64
Author(s):  
Hakan Sezerel ◽  
Cihan Kaymaz
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Ecological Sustainability ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
The Common ◽  
Ecological Tourism

Does development mean employment and social welfare, or the natural environment, ecosystem, and biodiversity? The answer to this question is sought worldwide while trying to solve the dichotomy between ecological sustainability and the development sustainability. The authors observe a series of pursuits under the names of ecological tourism, environmentally friendly tourism, and socially responsible tourism that emerge in order to overcome this dichotomy in the tourism discipline. They all merge around the common idea of offering a framework that examines economic activities for this dilemma. Meanwhile, this chapter examines the pursuits within the scope of sustainable tourism based on the assumptions of principal ecological approaches (e.g., environment protection, shallow ecology, deep ecology, and social ecology) and determines the position of sustainable tourism within these ecological approaches. It is deduced that sustainable tourism is actually sustainable at very low levels from the perspective of ecological sustainability.

scholarly journals Reducing the Carbon Footprint of the Bucharest University of Economic Studies through Green Facades in an Economically Efficient Manner

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Roxana Pătărlăgeanu ◽  
Costel Negrei ◽  
Mihai Dinu ◽  
Roxana Chiocaru
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Ecological Performance ◽  
Current Context ◽  
The Moment

This paper focuses on the current environmental issues, more specifically the amount of greenhouse gases humanity is being confronted with at the moment. The research was carried out on a niche of the topic, namely on the carbon footprint of public buildings. The concept of a sustainable university is new and insufficiently explored, and as part of the environmental metabolism, it influences anthropic sustainability in a directly proportional manner. This indicator’s monitoring systems reveal how vulnerable humanity is in front of the latency of an unprecedented and inevitable environmental catastrophe. The ecological effects may be mitigated by the academic community through green urban design. The ecological performance can be expressed in an economically efficient manner, which can, at the same time, create a precious channel of communication within the entire academic community though volunteering for sustainability. Moreover, this research has identified several solutions for optimizing the carbon footprint, which do not hinder the necessary economic development. Within the current context, when most economic activities are leading to ecological collapse, sustainability should be reprioritized with the help of the academic society, through the examples offered by applied research. The premises of this research were represented by bibliometric analyses and the results obtained have proven its importance, as well as the importance of certain scenarios involving solutions for improving the metabolism of nature.

African Urban History and Historiography

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Ross
Keyword(s):  
Urban History ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Field Methods ◽  
Major Topic ◽  
City States ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Historic Cities

The urban history of Africa is as ancient, varied, and complex as that of other continents, and the study of this history shares many of the theoretical, conceptual, and methodological challenges of urban history generally. Knowledge of Africa’s historic cities is based on archaeological investigation, analysis of historic documents, linguistics, and ethnographic field methods. The historiography of cities in Africa has debated what constitutes a city, how urbanization can be apprehended in the archaeological record and in documentary sources, why cities emerged, and how historic cities have related to states. The great impact colonization had on African urbanization is a major topic of research, including in the study of postcolonial cities. The “informality” of much contemporary urbanization, both in terms of economic activities and architecture, has been a major topic of research since the 1970s. With few exceptions, prior to the 20th century cities were relatively small, with no more than 20,000–30,000 inhabitants. Religion, trade, and the concentration of power were major factors in the rise of cities across the continent. The largest and most well-studied cities were often the capitals of important states. At times networks of city-states flourished, as in Hausaland, Yorubaland, and along the Swahili coast. The cities of northern Africa shared many morphological characteristics with other cities of the Mediterranean Basin and the Middle East, being characterized by a high density of population, masonry architecture, and encircling city walls. South of the Sahara, cities tended to be multinucleated, with low densities of population and built-over surfaces, and they tended to merge with surrounding agricultural landscapes in an urban–rural continuum. Perishable construction materials such as earth, wattle, and thatch were widely used for both domestic and public architecture.

scholarly journals Assessment of the territorial suitability for the creation of the greenways networks: methodological application in the Sicilian landscape context

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzia Quattrone ◽  
Giovanna Tomaselli ◽  
Lara Riguccio ◽  
Patrizia Russo
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Landscape Context ◽  
Gis Analysis ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
General Sense ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Multi Criteria Analysis

The proposal to create greenways networks for the enhancement of more or less vast areas, is of great importance to territory planning. The paths, which are overlaid on pre-existing linear patterns, promote the development of endogenous resources and facilitate direct learning of the territory’s historical, cultural, environmental and landscaping assets. Rural areas can be strongly influenced by setting up a greenways network, as their use not only promotes the exchange of knowledge between users and inhabitants, but also encourages the enjoyment of various areas (agricultural landscapes, scattered cultural heritage, protected environments) that would otherwise be inaccessible due to their distance from the traditional routes. Altogether, this favours the introduction of economic activities based on their typical characteristics. This work identifies the appropriate road infrastructure, available in the former Province of Syracuse (East Sicily), for building greenways networks that will best contribute to the valorisation of their surrounding territory. This work assigns great importance to landscape features as factors of tourist and cultural attraction. We have used the multi-criteria analysis associated with GIS. We have weighed and mapped numerous indicators to define the territory’s infrastructural, landscape, cultural, and tourist resources, meaning those able to increase the use of the territory and/or that determine attractiveness for the population. The GIS analysis allowed us to develop numerous intermediate maps, whose information helped us to draw up the final map illustrating the suitability of the existing infrastructures that could be useful while planning of a greenway network. Such infrastructures could be the subject of specific plans or detailed projects aimed at enhancing the pre-existing resources of a rural territory. This study, although referring to a defined territory, is methodologically valid in a general sense and can be used in various contexts.

scholarly journals Ground base deformation by circular plate peculiarities

2018 ◽  
Vol 230 ◽  
pp. 02040
Author(s):  
Mykola Zotsenko ◽  
Yuriy Vynnykov ◽  
Iryna Lartseva ◽  
Svitlana Sivitska
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Circular Plate ◽  
Compacted Soil ◽  
Loaded Plate ◽  
Elastic Core ◽  
Boundary Equilibrium ◽  
Area Of Influence ◽  
The Moment

It is established that at the moment of the onset of the boundary equilibrium of the base under a central loaded plate, an elastic core is formed in the form of a cone, all particles move along with the plate progressively down. In this case, within the limits of the “area of influence” the boundary condition of the base is violated by protrusion or consolidation of soils. The volume of the “area of influence” is determined by the height of the elastic core, from which its diameter is calculated. Experiments using conical tips were made and the height of the elastic core was determined and the diameter of the “area of influence” was determined. For creation at penetration and probing friction of soil on a ground the conic tip is executed rough with cylindrical stages. Under the steps of the tip, formed areas of compacted soil, moving along with it, creating a so-called “ground shirt” in the form of a cone with a creature at an angle α to the vertical. The obtained data allowed specifying coefficients of bearing capacity of soils, which are used in construction norms.

scholarly journals Colonists and the Natural Environment in 18th Century Sydney

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-37
Author(s):  
Graeme Aplin
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
The Moment

Early European inhabitants of Sydney found themselves in a strange natural environment, far removed from those of the Britain they had left behind. They reacted to it in various ways, were constrained by it in various ways, and began to change their new environment from the moment they first stepped ashore. This study focuses on the two-way interaction between humans and nature, from the landing of the First Fleet to the end of the 18th century. It primarily uses first-hand accounts, attempting to read between the lines or deconstruct them to gain a possible overview of the range of early European reactions to the Sydney environment, and to at least begin to understand them. It also uses this evidence to look at and better understand the constraints that the environment placed on the daily life of the colonists in early Sydney, as well as the ways in which those early Sydneysiders changed their environment. Later historical works and more recent studies of Sydney’s natural environment are also used to help in furthering these understandings.

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