Effect of Physical Activity on Pain and Functional Abilities in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis at an Autoimmune Clinic in Accra, Ghana

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic disease that affects the joints, connective tissues, tendons, and fibrous tissues. Despite early interventions, there is significant activity limitation due to moderate and high pain intensities in majority of affected individuals.The study set out to determine the effect of physical activity on pain and functional ability among rheumatoid arthritis patients.Methods:A pre-test, post-test quasi experimental study conducted among 60 rheumatoid arthritis patients (divided into intervention and control groups) were recruited from the Autoimmune clinic of Korle Bu Teaching Hospital for this quasi-experimental study. The international physical activity questionnaire, multidimensional health assessment questionnaire and numerical pain rating scale were used to obtain data. Pedometers and a stationary cycle were used for physical activity (intervention). Paired t-test was used to compare outcomes between the level of physical activity in relation to pain and functional ability and outcomes between pre and post functional abilities at a 0.05 level of significance.Results: Majority 24 (80.0%) of participants from the intervention group reported low, while 6 (20.0%) reported moderate physical activity levels. Thirteen (43.4%) and 10 (33.3%) participants from the intervention and control groups reported moderate pain on NPRS before intervention, which reduced to 7 (23.3%) in the intervention group, as compared to 9 (30%) in the control group. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) for functional ability among the intervention group before and after the intervention programmes but no significant differences (p>0.05) for most domains of functional ability except health concern (p = 0.034) among the control group.Conclusion: Patients with RA have a relatively low physical activity level but benefit significantly from a moderate intensity aerobic exercises such as cycling and walking by improving pain levels, functional ability and general health.Clinicians should promote and encourage patients with RA to engage in physical and recreational activities.

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Training interventions on Helping Babies Breathe among health workers in tertiary hospital of the Republic of South Sudan: A non-randomized quasi-experimental study

Healthcare in Low-resource Settings ◽

10.4081/hls.2018.7276 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christopher Vunni Draiko ◽

Khemika Yamarat ◽

Alessio Panza ◽

Judith Draleru ◽

Martin Taban ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Health Workers ◽

South Sudan ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Training Interventions ◽

Helping Babies Breathe ◽

Newborn Mortality ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

And Control

This study aimed to examine the effects of the Helping Babies Breathe (HBB) training interventions program on the knowledge, psychomotor skills, and competency of health workers in managing birth asphyxia and reducing mortality of newborns experiencing asphyxia within 24 hours. This study used pre- and post-test design (quasi experimental study). Purposive sampling was employed, and a computer-generated number was used to select the participants. Health workers from Juba Teaching Hospital comprised the intervention group. They were evaluated before and after the training from February to June 2017. A post training skill and competency evaluation was performed using a NeoNatalie newborn simulator and was repeated after three months of implementation for intervention and control group. Seventy health workers were enrolled; 40 were in the intervention group and 30 in the control group. Early newborn mortality due to asphyxia within 24 hours in intervention and control measure at pre and post implementation showed a significant reduction within the intervention than the control. Knowledge, psychomotor and competency of health care workers improved immediately after training and early newborn mortality reduced by half at the end of three months. It is recommended that training of health workers on HBB should be scaled up in most of the health facilities in South Sudan.

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DISTRACTION TECHNIQUES: TELLING STORIES TO DECREASE PAIN FOR PRESCHOOL CHILDREN DURING INFUSION

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia ◽

10.7454/jki.v22i1.887 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 23-30

Author(s):

Lina Dewi Anggraeni ◽

Widiyanti Widiyanti

Keyword(s):

Demographic Data ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Pain Scale ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Pediatric Nurses ◽

Control Groups ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

And Control

Hospital procedures, such as infusions, are often associated with pain. Preschool-aged children who are hospitalized for infusions will often exhibit a strong fearful response because their concept of body integrity has not fully developed. One way to reduce the fear of infusion pain is by using stories as a distraction technique. The purpose of this study was to identify differences in the scale of pain between members of an intervention group, to which the distraction technique was applied, and a control group, to which it was not applied. The study used quasi-experimental methods, with intervention and control groups. The study was conducted on 46 preschool aged respondents (3-6 years old), divided into a 34 member intervention group and a 12 member control group and ran from September to December 2017 in one of the private hospitals in the East Bekasi. The research employed a questionnaire to collect demographic data and used the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale to assess pain levels. The data analysis technique used was the independent t-test. The results showed there was a difference of pain response between the intervention and control groups with P value < 0.05. Pediatric nurses are advised to use storytelling therapy as an option for providing atraumatic care intervention. Keywords: Distraction Technique, Infusion installation, Pain, Stories, Preschool Abstrak Teknik Distraksi: Bercerita Menurunkan Nyeri Pada Anak Usia Pra Sekolah Selama Penggunaan Infus. Rasa sakit seringkali dikaitkan dengan salah satu prosedur rumah sakit yakni pemasangan infus. Reaksi anak prasekolah yang dipasang infus menunjukkan ketakutan yang luar biasa, hal itu disebabkan karena konsep integritas tubuhnya belum berkembang dengan baik. Salah satu cara untuk mengurangi ketakutan akibat nyeri pemasangan infus pada prasekolah adalah teknik distraksi bercerita. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi perbedaan skala nyeri antara kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode quasy eksperimen, yang menggunakan kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 46 responden usia prasekolah (3-6 tahun) yang terdiri dari 34 kelompok intervensi dan 12 kelompok kontrol dari bulan September-Desember 2017 di salah satu Rumah Sakit Swasta di wilayah Bekasi Timur. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuisioner data demografi dan lembar observasi skala nyeri Wong Baker Faces Pain. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Uji Independent T test.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan respon nyeri antara kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol dengan nilai p= 0,012 (< 0.05). Perawat anak sebaiknya menggunakan metode bercerita sebagai sarana asuhan keperawatan atraumatik. Kata kunci: Cerita, Nyeri, Pemasangan infus, Prasekolah, Teknik distraksi

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EFEK SUPLEMENTASI MULTIVITAMIN MINERAL TERHADAP KADAR HEMOGLOBIN DAN HEMATOKRIT MAHASISWI TPB IPB

Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan ◽

10.25182/jgp.2013.8.1.47-54 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 47

Author(s):

Angga Hardiansyah ◽

Rimbawan Rimbawan ◽

Ikeu Ekayanti

Keyword(s):

Intervention Group ◽

Statistical Test ◽

Female Students ◽

Control Group ◽

Blood Biomarkers ◽

Control Groups ◽

Double Blind ◽

Mineral Supplementation ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

And Control

The objective of this study was to analyze effect of multivitamin mineral supplementation to hemoglobin and hematocrit concentration of Bogor Agricultural University First Common Year female students. Design of this study was the quasi experimental, double blind, with number of subjects were 28 female students devided into two group. The intervention group consisted of 15 subjects, received supplement syrup 15 ml per day for eight weeks.The control group consisted of 13 subjects received placebo syrup. Data collected by interviewing subjects used questionnaire, physical examination, and blood biomarkers. The results of statistical test (paired sample t-test) showed that there were no significant increase in hemoglobin and hematocrit concentration respectively in both intervention and control groups (p>0.05). However, on a subset of subjects anemia, the hemoglobin and hematocrit in the intervention group tended to increase larger than the control group.<br /><br />

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The Effect of Positive Thinking Training on Anxiety and Happiness in the Elderly: a Quasi- Experimental Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-877610/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anis Pourdavarani ◽

Jamileh Farokhzadian ◽

Mansooreh Azizzadeh Forouz ◽

Sedigheh Khodabandeh Shahraki

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Skills Training ◽

The Elderly ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Control Group ◽

Positive Thinking ◽

Control Groups ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control

Abstract Background: Anxiety and depression are the most common psychological disorders in the aging period. One of the ways to deal with anxiety and depression and increase happiness in the elderly is to train positive thinking. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate positive thinking skills training on anxiety and happiness in the elderly.Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 48 elderly people referred to two comprehensive health service centers in Kerman in southeastern Iran were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned into intervention groups (n = 24) and control (n = 24). The data collection tools included the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Oxford Happiness Inventory. Questionnaires were filled out before the intervention, then positive thinking training was held in eight sessions of 90 minutes. After training program, the was conducted one month after it, the follow-up tools.Results: The results showed that the mean score of anxiety before positive thinking training was (13.58 ± 8.61) and (19.25± 11.67) in the intervention and the control group, respectively. After positive thinking training, the mean scores were (4.50 ±4.07) and (15.54±9.04) in the intervention and control group, respectively. After the intervention, which significantly reduced anxiety the intervention, group (t= 8.10, P<0.001). The mean score of happiness before the test was (26.58±12.40) and (37.91 ± 5.57) in the intervention and control groups, respectively. However, the posttest happiness scores of the intervention and control groups were (62.91± 4.66) and (35.62 ±10.62), respectively. The results showed that implementing positive thinking training increased happiness significantly (t=-4.08, P<0.001).Conclusion: Since positive thinking training effect reducing anxiety and increasing happiness in the elderly. Due to the growing trend of the elderly population, the positive thinking training approach can be used as a suitable, cost-effective, and efficient method in reducing anxiety and increasing happiness in the elderly.

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The Effects of Community Empowerment on Preventing Dengue Fever in Lampung Province, Indonesia

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2020.4192 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (E) ◽

pp. 194-197

Author(s):

Achmad Farich ◽

Nur Indrawati Lipoeto ◽

Hafni Bachtiar ◽

Hardisman Hardisman

Keyword(s):

Dengue Fever ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Community Empowerment ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

And Behavior ◽

And Control

AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of community empowerment on preventing dengue fever in Lampung Province, Indonesia. METHODS: This study used a quasi-experimental design with two groups of pretest-posttest design. The number of samples in this study was 120 people in the intervention group and 120 people in the control group, who is a housewife living in Gading Rejo and Pringsewu subdistrict, Lampung, Indonesia. The sampling technique used a proportional stratified random sampling technique. Community empowerment interventions have been carried out through socialization and inculturation to gather information about community participation, knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of respondents in the prevention of dengue fever. Then, the next stage is the implementation of interventions with capacity building and planting dengue mosquito repellent plants. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon test using the SPSS version 21.0 software. RESULTS: This study showed that there were differences in the median score of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors between the intervention and control groups (p < 0.05). The results of the analysis based on the entomologist indicators (larvae-free numbers, house index, container index, and Breteau index) found that there were differences in larvae-free numbers, house index, and Breteau index between the intervention and control groups (p < 0.05), while there were no differences in the container index between the intervention and control groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study confirmed the effects of community empowerment on preventing dengue fever in Lampung Province, Indonesia.

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Effectiveness of School-Based Smoking Prevention Education Program (SPEP) Among Nonsmoking Adolescents: A Quasi-Experimental Study

The Journal of School Nursing ◽

10.1177/1059840519871641 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 105984051987164 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohd Said Nurumal ◽

Siti Hajar Mohd Zain ◽

Mohamad Haniki Nik Mohamed ◽

Shefaly Shorey

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Education Program ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Smoking Prevention ◽

Control Group ◽

Prevention Education ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Exhaled Carbon Monoxide ◽

And Control

Preventing smoking among adolescents is critical. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Smoking Prevention Education Program among nonsmoking adolescents. A quasi-experimental study design was used. Data were collected from Year 5 students ( n = 140) from four government primary schools in the Kuantan and Pahang districts of Malaysia. The participating schools were randomly assigned into the intervention and control groups. Questionnaires and exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) levels were used to collect data at the baseline and at 3 months postintervention. At 3 months postintervention, the percentage of nonsmokers remained 100% in the intervention group, while 2.9% of the participants in the control group reported to have smoked in past 7 days. Comparatively, the mean scores of attitudes, subjective norms, and nonsmoking intentions of the intervention group improved significantly. The intervention was effective in preventing smoking initiations among Malaysian adolescents; however, further evaluation of this intervention is needed among varied populations.

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A quasi-experimental study to improve health service quality: implementing communication and self-efficacy skills training to primary healthcare workers in two counties in Iran

BMC Medical Education ◽

10.1186/s12909-021-02796-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hossein Shahnazi ◽

Marzieh Araban ◽

Mahmood Karimy ◽

Mansooreh Basiri ◽

Ali Ghazvini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Communication Skills ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Educational Program ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Skills Training ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

And Control

Abstract Background Service satisfaction ratings from clients are a good indicator of service quality. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of communication skills and self-efficacy training for healthcare workers on clients’ satisfaction. Methods A quasi-experimental study was conducted in health centers of Saveh University of Medical Science in Iran. Primary Healthcare (PHC; N = 105) workers and service recipients (N = 364) were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group received four 90-min training sessions consisting of lecture, film screening, role-playing, and discussion group. Before and 3 months after the intervention, a multi-part questionnaire (including demographics, self-efficacy and communication skills in PHC workers; and satisfaction questionnaire in service recipients) was completed by participants in both intervention and control groups. Results PHC worker mean scores of self-efficacy and communication skills after the educational program were increased in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Also, mean satisfaction scores for service recipients of the intervention group (PHC workers) generally significantly increased compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Conclusions The educational program improved the self-efficacy, and communication skills in health workers and improved client satisfaction overall. Our results support the application of self-efficacy and communication skills training for other medical groups who wish to improve clients satisfaction as an important health services outcome.

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The Efficacy of Stage-Matched and Standard Public Health Materials for Promoting Physical Activity in the Workplace: The Physical Activity Workplace Study (PAWS)

American Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.4278/0890-1171-21.6.501 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 501-509 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Ronald C. Plotnikoff ◽

Stephanie Brunet ◽

Kerry S. Courneya ◽

John C. Spence ◽

Nicholas J. Birkett ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Stages Of Change ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Standard Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Matched Group ◽

Print Materials ◽

Contact Control ◽

And Control

Purpose. To compare the effects of stage-matched and standard print materials for physical activity (PA) change. Design. Participants were randomized into (1) a stage-matched intervention group (n = 165), (2) a standard intervention group (n = 176), or (3) a no-contact control group (n = 166). The stage-matched and standard intervention groups both received materials at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Assessments of all three groups were conducted at baseline, 6, and 12 months. Setting. Canadian worksites. Subjects. Employees (N = 507). Interventions. Five motivationally targeted booklets were developed for the stage-matched group. The standard group received Canada's Physical Activity Guide and handbook. Measures. The main dependent variable was PA, expressed as metabolic equivalent (MET) minutes and measured using the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire. Demographic characteristics and stages of change for PA were also assessed. Results. At 12 months mean weekly MET minutes for combined moderate and vigorous activity increased from baseline by 223, 67, and 78 for the stage-matched, standard, and control groups, respectively; however, differences were not significant (p > .05). Women in the stage-matched group over the 12-month period significantly increased their activity by 327 weekly MET minutes whereas the standard and control groups declined their activity (F = 3.01, p < .05). Conclusion. PA stage-matched materials delivered in the workplace are efficacious for women but not men. Future interventions should explore the use of these intervention materials in conjunction with multilevel strategies, and particular attention should be paid to possible gender differences.

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Effect of educational intervention on safe traffic behaviors of high school male students in Iran, using the theory of planned behavior: a quasi-experimental study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-11943-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Vahid Ranaei ◽

Laleh Hassani ◽

Alireza Shahab Jahanlou ◽

Ghodratollah Roshanaei ◽

Forouzan Rezapur-Shahkolai

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Experimental Study ◽

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Content Validity ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Male Students ◽

Health Concern ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Quasi Experimental

Abstract Background Behavior change interventions in tackling road traffic injuries are a public health concern. Thus, this interventional research was to survey the effect of safe traffic behaviors among male students in Hamadan, Iran, utilizing theory of planned behavior. Methods In this quasi-experimental study, 204 students were randomly selected through multistage sampling from male high school students of Hamadan city, west-central of Iran, and non-randomly allocated to control and intervention groups (102 students in every group). The self-administrate questionnaire was used for data collection in this research. Frequency (percentage) and mean (SD) were used for description. Cronbach alpha coefficient, content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) were used for psychometric evaluation of questionnaire and paired/independent sample t-test was used for data analysis. All statistical analyses were done in SPSS 19 and significant level was considered 0.05. Results In both groups, more than 50 % of students walked to school. The two study groups were homogeneous in terms of confounding variables (p > 0.05). The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed and the total Cronbach’s alpha value was equal to 0.97. There was no significant difference in the score of safe traffic behaviors between the two groups before the intervention (p > 0.05). But after the intervention, the score in the intervention group was significantly increased (p < 0.05). Intragroup comparison also showed that only in the intervention group the score was significantly changed (p < 0.05). Conclusion Theory of planned behavior is a suitable conceptual framework for planning the interventions to increase safe traffic behaviors in students.

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The Effect of Psycho-education Program on the Affiliate Stigma in the Caregivers of Clients with Bipolar Disorder

10.21203/rs.3.rs-120409/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Raheleh Bahrami ◽

Talieh Khalifi

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Education Program ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Routine Care ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Affiliate Stigma ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

And Control

Abstract Background Mental health experts believe that stigma is the most challenging issue for caregivers of clients with psychiatric disorders. Therefore, monitoring and assessing the affiliate stigma in the caregivers is necessary. This study is aimed to investigate the effect of psycho-education program on the affiliate stigma in the caregivers of clients with bipolar disorder. Materials and Methods This quasi-experimental study with both intervention and control groups was conducted Ghods Hospital in Sanandaj (n = 64). Psycho-education program was performed for the intervention group for 4 weeks (one session per week for 60 to 90 minutes). Data was collected using the Affiliate Stigma Scale before and after intervention (with 4 weeks gap). Results The results of study showed that there was no difference between intervention and control groups in terms of the distribution of contextual variables. The mean and the standard deviation of the affiliate stigma before the conducting the psycho-education program in the control group was (73 ± 14.72), and in the intervention group was (69.63 ± 14.66). After the intervention and administrating the post-test, the results in the control group was (74 ± 14.21) and in the intervention group was (35.06 ± 8.31) which showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). Conclusions According to the obtained results in this study and based on the other studies’ result, the routine care is not able to meet the educational needs of the caregivers of clients with bipolar disorder. Psycho-education is effective on the reduction of the affiliate stigma of caregivers of clients with bipolar disorder and it can be considered as one of the stigmatization strategies.

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