scholarly journals Muhammed ben Yusef: From a “Golden Cell” to the First 5-year Plan (Commemorating the 65th Anniversary of Independence of the Kingdom of Morocco)

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-67
Author(s):  
Nikolay N. Dyakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political History ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Liberation Movement ◽  
65Th Anniversary ◽  
History Of ◽  
French Colonial ◽  
French Protectorate ◽  
In The Beginning

Muhammed b. Yusuf (1909–1961) — a key person in political history of Morocco in the middle of the 20th C. With his intronization in the beginning of the French colonial rule Muhammed b. Yusuf started in his biography a long and winding road from a puppet sultanate as an instrument of the French Protectorate, to the leadership in the liberation movement, becoming a symbol of nationalism and a father-founder of the independent Moroccan statehood restored in 1956.

Mahdist faith and the legitimation of popular revolt in western Sudan

Africa ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 390-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidwien Kapteijns
Keyword(s):  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Border Area ◽  
History Of ◽  
French Colonial ◽  
British Colonial ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
Source Materials

Opening ParagraphThis article is based on a wider study of the history of the western Sudan, in particular the border area between the historical sultanates of Dar Fur and Wadai (Kapteijns, 1985). The period under discussion is 1882–1930, from the successful struggle against foreign domination led by the Sudanese Mahdi to the firm establishment of British colonial rule in the western Sudan. The theme which this article explores for this area and period is that of popular revolt and Islamic (specifically Mahdist) ideology. The source materials for this study consist of Arabic correspondence from the Mahdist archives, oral data and British and French colonial records.

History and Legitimacy: Aspects of the Use of the Past in Precolonial Dahomey

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 431-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Law
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Major Power ◽  
The Past ◽  
Slave Traders ◽  
History Of ◽  
French Colonial ◽  
The Subject

The kingdom of Dahomey (or Fon) was probably founded during the first half of the seventheenth century, but emerged clearly as a major power only in the early eighteenth century when its king Agaja (ca. 1716–40) conquered its southern neighbours Allada (1724) and Whydah (1727), thereby establishing direct contact with the European slave-traders at the coast. Dahomey then remained the dominant power in the area until it was itself conquered by the French in the 1892–94. The kingdom ceased to exist as a political entity when its last king was deposed by the French in 1900, but a degree of institutional continuity has been maintained through the performance of rituals at the royal palace (now a museum) in the capital city Abomey. The history of Dahomey from the 1720s onwards is relatively well documented from contemporary European sources, enjoying in particular the unique distinction of being made the subject already in the eighteenth century of a published book—Archibald Dalzel's History of Dahomy (1793). There is also a rich and coherent corpus of narrative traditions relating to the kingdom's history, best known in the classic recension published in 1911 by the French colonial official Le Herissé, which is in fact merely a translation (and in some measure an abridgement, omitting some detailed material) of the account given to him by a single Dahomian informant, Agbidinukun, the chef de canton of the cercle of Abomey under French colonial rule and a brother of the last independent king of Dahomey, Behanzin (1889–94).

scholarly journals MAIN FEATURES OF FRENCH COLONIAL POLICY IN ALGER

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P.N. Nuskabai ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Research Work ◽  
European Population ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Colonial Policy ◽  
Colonial Expansion ◽  
History Of ◽  
French Colonial ◽  
The Impact

In this article, we investigated the history of Algeria in the period of colonial expansion of France. Explored the main aspects of this problem, characterized by various stages of social, economic and cultural development of colonial Algeria. The coexistence of the indigenous Algerian people and the European population in the years of French colonial rule is one of the most important factors that determined the whole course of modern history of Algeria. In this research work investigated the main features of the colonial policy of France in the nineteenth century, the impact of colonization on Algerian society, economic, social and political structure of Algeria during the French and European domination, and the liberation war in Algeria, the collapse of colonial rule and independence.

Goa’s Football Story

2021 ◽  
pp. 190-195
Author(s):  
Frederick Noronha
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Political History ◽  
The Other ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Playing Fields ◽  
The Church

Frederick Noronha synthesizes an account of the rich social and political history of football in Goa, with the crosscurrents of the influence of the church, and the former Portuguese rulers, referencing the economic and political forces that shaped the game in later years. Goa’s links with football cannot be separated from the region’s long, 450-year legacy of Portuguese colonial rule. In recent years however, political parties, knowing the importance of football in Goa have used the game to curry favour among certain sections of the population. Wealthy and influential names dominate the football associations. On the other hand, with rapid real estate growth, playing fields are disappearing shrinking the pool of talent. The author in this short chapter provides a glimpse of how various factors and agencies outside the sport impact on its development.

Reflections of Kinship and Society under Vietnam's Lê Dynasty

1984 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Haines
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Political History ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
War And Peace ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Central Elements ◽  
French Colonial

The understanding of Vietnamese society and social relations remains problematic. Even for recent times there is a dearth of research on basic facets of Vietnamese social structure. Scholars remain all too indebted to Hickey's study of Khanh Hau, which, dealing with a single and in some ways unique Southern village, can hardly be taken as representative given the wide regional and class differences characteristic of Vietnamese society. Moving backwards through time, the central elements of social relations become increasingly difficult to examine. The reasons lie both in an inevitable emphasis on what can loosely be called political history (e.g., the effects of French colonial rule, the resistance against that rule, the administrative problems faced by the early Nguyễn dynasty, or the recurring issue of war—and peace—with China) and the increasing narrowness of the documents available for study (i.e., the inevitability of reliance on official documents such as dynastic histories and legal codes).

From Colonisation to Avénement: Henri Brunschwig and the History of Afrique Noire

1990 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hargreaves
Keyword(s):  
World History ◽  
African Studies ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Equatorial Africa ◽  
Original Works ◽  
History Of ◽  
French Colonial

Henri Brunschwig (1904–1989) began his career as a notable historian of Germany but became an influential pioneer of African studies in France, first at the Ecole Nationale de la France d'Outre-Mer (1948–60) and thereafter at the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes. His own research ranged from Brazza's role in the French occupation of equatorial Africa to the part played by Africans in establishing and sustaining French colonial rule. His lucid and original works of synthesis helped greatly to bring an evolving body of knowledge about the African past into the frame of modern world history. His emphasis both on rigorous standards of source-criticism and on the need for broad horizons in time and space continues to exercise authority over historians in France, Africa, and beyond.

The History of Gabon

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas A. Yates
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Rentier State ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Late Stone Age ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Age Of Discovery ◽  
History Of ◽  
French Colonial ◽  
The 19Th Century

Primeval rainforest at the Equator on the west coast of Africa, the land we know as Gabon, was settled prehistorically by Pygmies during the late Stone Age, and then by Bantu-speaking migrants during the Iron Age. These culturally diverse peoples did not develop a common language or political system with one another until after their violent conquest by Europeans during the colonial era. The Age of Discovery in the 15th century brought European explorers to the coast. The Atlantic triangle trade, with its slave barracoons and entrepôts, transformed some African communities along the coast into centralized kingdoms, and turned other clan-based societies of the forested interior into hunted peoples suspicious of any and all outsiders, European or African. The Scramble for Africa brought military expeditions into Gabon in the 19th century, when French colonial rule was established. Colonialism bestowed on the ethnic groups of Gabon a protonational identity of being “Gabonese,” although this nationalist impulse was muted in the late 19th and early 20th centuries by the effort of French authorities and missionaries to assimilate black Africans into France’s culture and civilization. Unassimilated colonial subjects in the interior of the newly conquered territory violently resisted French colonial rule until the world wars, by which time the assimilation project had sufficiently fashioned a new coastal French-educated Gabonese elite. The two world wars weakened France and led these assimilated elites to a call for political reforms, at first taking the form of mono-ethnic-based political parties, but eventually coalescing around multiethnic coalitions, largely francophone in outlook, while retaining many elements of older precolonial identities. Independence in 1960 brought to power three authoritarian rulers—Léon Mba, Omar Bongo, and Ali Bongo—as well as consolidation of an oil-rentier state and an oxymoronic dynastic republic. “Gabonese” national identity emerged, an imagined community constructed out of African music, literature, and art, yet incorporating French as its lingua franca.

French Colonialism and The Making of the Modern Sahel

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-50
Author(s):  
Gregory Mann
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Single Event ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Fifth Republic ◽  
Political Effects ◽  
History Of ◽  
French Colonial ◽  
Epistemological Break

French colonial rule played an important but not determinative role in making the modern Sahel. By the 1950s, the region was more integrated politically and infrastructurally than it would be in the decades that followed. At independence, the new governments of the Sahel featured identical, if parallel, political institutions modeled on those of the French Fifth Republic (1958–). They also shared a secular character, a military culture, a history of slavery, entrenched inequality, and labor migration, and the subordination—without integration—of Saharan societies to their southern neighbors. Yet, if colonialism contributed to making the modern Sahel in an institutional sense, it did not represent a profound epistemological break. Rather, longue durée internal dynamics continued to prevail. If any single event or phenomenon “made” the modern Sahel, it was postcolonial drought and its political effects rather than imperial domination.

The Tsoede Myth and the Nupe Kinglists: More Political Propaganda?

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
Michael Mason
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Political History ◽  
Early Years ◽  
List Type ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Political Propaganda ◽  
History Of

“History is always written by the conquerors.”It is a convention in the writing of Nupe political history to begin with the name ‘Tsoede.’ This convention has been current at least since the early years of colonial rule, when we find ‘Tsoede,’ or ‘Edegi,’ as he is also called, being credited with the founding of the kingdom whose successive rulers can be traced up to the present. The clearest expression of the place of both ‘Tsoede’ and the kinglists which his name heads comes from the standard study of Nupe society by S.F. Nadel, who explains that the earliest history of Nupe centres around the figure of Tsoede or Edegi, the culture hero and mythical founder of the Nupe kingdom. The genealogies of Nupe kings which are preserved in many places in Nupe country and which have also found their way into the earliest written records of Nupe history which were compiled by Mohammedan scholars and court historians, place his birth in the middle of the fifteenth century.It will be our purpose in this paper to explore the evolution of the Tsoede story and to inspect the authority of its authorship. First, let us look at the story offered in Nadel's account: a) At the time of Tsoede's birth Nupe had not been unified under a central government.b) Whatever political forms existed elsewhere in Nupe, Tsoede's homeland Bini was a confederacy of towns. The leading Bini town was Nku, at the confluence of the Kaduna and Niger rivers.The Binis as well as some other Nupe were subordinate to the Attah of Igala.

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