scholarly journals Managerial innovations: Approach to definition and classification

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-519
Author(s):  
Yaroslav D. Sovetkin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
General Concept ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Bibliographic Analysis ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Citation Indexes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Managerial Innovation

Managerial innovations have become the topic of interest for many scholars, but this concept remains underdeveloped and poorly managed among the academy and business community in Russia. This paper offers the composition of approach to definition and classifi cation of managerial innovations, formed on the basis of exploration of the concept “managerial innovation” evolution, and estimation of the relationship with a more general concept “innovation”. The suggested composition of approach is based on the three-stage bibliographic analysis of scientific literature. In course of the bibliographic research, scientific articles were selected according to the key words, period of publication and citation index. 140 scientific publications were identified and collected for the period from 1975 to 2019 covering citation indexes from 0 to 12 476 by Web of Science citation database and from 4 to 2 185 by Scopus database. On the basis of the conducted bibliographic research, the author introduces his definition of innovation and managerial innovation and explains the connection between them. Within the conducted research different approaches to classification of managerial innovations were studied and on their basis a new approach to classification of managerial innovations was proposed. The findings can be useful for different avenues of further research regarding managerial innovations.

Issues Involved in the Definition and Classification of Chronic Health Conditions

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 787-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen C. Perrin ◽  
Paul Newacheck ◽  
I. Barry Pless ◽  
Dennis Drotar ◽  
Steven L. Gortmaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Use Of Medical Services

The need for a widely applicable definition of chronic conditions for research, policy, and program development has led to an extensive review of the development of such definitions, the considerations involved in their use, and some recommendations for a new approach. This paper examines some of the methodologic and conceptual issues related to defining and classifying chronic conditions and describes some consequences resulting from decisions made about these issues. While most examples are taken from child health applications, the basic concepts apply to all age groups. The dominant method for identifying and classifying children as having a chronic condition has relied on the presence of an individual health condition of lengthy duration. This condition-specific or "categorical" approach has increasingly seemed neither pragmatically nor conceptually sound. Thus, the development of a "generic" approach, which focuses on elements that are shared by many conditions, children, and families, is recommended. Such a definition might reflect the child's functional status or ongoing use of medical services over a specified time period. In addition, it is suggested that conditions be classified based on the experience of individual children, thus emphasizing the tremendous variability in expression of seemingly similar conditions.

scholarly journals "Building Today for the Womanhood of Tomorrow": Businessmen, Boosters, and the YWCA, 1890-1930

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Fund Raising ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Women Reformers ◽  
Progressive Movement ◽  
Young Women's Christian Association ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
American Cities ◽  
The City

Women's organizations played an active part in the Progressive movement for the reform of North American cities in the early twentieth century. Women reformers could and did cooperate with men but had their own distinct perception of the city and their own definition of urban reform. Lacking capital and political power, however, women were forced to depend on the support of male reformers and had to address themselves to the men's concerns. This study examines the relationship between the Young Women's Christian Association and Canadian businessmen as it was manifested in a number of successful fund-raising campaigns for YWCA buildings in Canadian cities between 1890 and 1930. YWCA women "sold" their building to the business community as a sound investment and an asset that would reflect well on the reputations of enterprising business leaders and a modern progressive community.

Applying Interval Fuzzy Petri Net to Failure Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-30
Author(s):  
Lajmi Fatma ◽  
Jalel Ghabi ◽  
Hedi Dhouibi
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Petri Nets ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Logic Gate ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Technique ◽  
The Relationship

In this article, the authors propose a new approach for modelling and failure analysis by combining the graphical representation provided by Petri nets and fuzzy logic. The graphical method is used for describing the relationship between conditions and events. The use of Petri nets in failure analysis enables replacing logic gate functions in fault trees. The Fuzzy logic technique allows natural language descriptions of process entities as well as an if-then rule-based definition of production. In addition, this study devises an alternative, a trapezoidal graph method in order to account for failure scenarios. Examples validating this novel method in dealing with failure analysis are also provided.

Does peer tutoring in kindergarten exist? Thinking around the tutoring concept.

2019 ◽  
Vol X (4 (29)) ◽  
pp. 63-84
Author(s):  
Aneta Babiuk-Massalska
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Preschool Child ◽  
Social Experiences ◽  
The Other ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Student Relationship ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article reviews the definitions of the tutoring concept in preschoolers relationships. Can we qualify the relationships of preschool children in learning situations as tutoring? Or maybe a different name would be more suitable for them? Preschoolers are used to learning in a different way than adults and older children. They prefer learning mimicking or playing. They obtain knowldge occasionally an unintentionally. In turn, definitions of tutoring quite precisely contain formulated fortifications that a little child is not able to meet yet. Immaturity of the nervous system limit the level and length of attention span of little child and relatively small, compared to school children and adults number of social experiences can seriously hamper the classification of situations in which children learn from each other as tutoring. While the generally understood master-student relationship, associated with tutoring, is quite often noticeable during childhood collaboration and play in which one child can do more than the other, the more detailed assumptions of tutoring are not as accessible to the observer. For example, it is difficult to talk about the regularity or planned nature of children's relationships. The definition of tutoring also sets specific expectations regarding the teacher's skills, among which are: high interpersonal competences, commitment to the relationship with the mentee, professionalism and responsibility. From a preschool child who would play the role of a teacher, it is difficult to demand fluent speech, not to mention professionalism and regularity. A preschool child, who just start to learn numbers, is often unable to orient himself in time, which makes it difficult or even impossible to plan and systematize his activities. Little child needs adult help in this area.

A New Approach to the Classification of Filamemts of Rejuvenascence of Skin of Face and Neck

10.12737/5011 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Кодяков ◽  
A. Kodyakov ◽  
Груздев ◽  
D. Gruzdev ◽  
Федоров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Negative Appraisal ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Definition Of

This paper is devoted to the actual problem of cosmetology - the procedures of filament rejuvenation of face and neck, which become popular every year. Literature data on the efficacy of these methods are controversial. The authors of most works indicate the minimum number of complications in the practical absence of negative appraisal methodology. The issues of development of the indication for use of some types of filaments and optimal criteria of evaluation of the expected effect in clinical practice are relevant and are discussed in this paper. Taking into account the absence of objective information about long-term consequences, other practical aspects of filament rejuvenation, the authors on the basis of many years of research and experience has specified evaluation criteria and suggested own classification of cosmetic filaments used in the method of filament rejuvenation of face and neck. Installation of filaments with different cosmetic features allows to reaching three different anti-aging effects: lifting, reinforcing and bio-stimulation. The degree of manifestation of these effects depends on the installation method of the thread, but first of all - on the design of conductive filament and needle or cannula. Based on the above data, the authors propose to divide all known cosmetic filaments on the basis of their purpose, proceeding from the achieved effect for three species - lifting, reinforcing and bio-stimulating. The new classification can be used in practice to optimize the selection of filaments for rejuvenation of face and neck and to reduce unintended side effects. The proposed classification of filaments has the purpose of definition of a fundamental criterion for their beauty opportunities. The practical application of this classification contributes to ensure adequate choice of filaments to perform the procedure, reduce side effects and create realistic expectations of doctors and patients from the procedures of the rejuvenation of face and neck.

scholarly journals Classification of Partially Regular Microreliefs Formed on the End Surfaces of Rotary Bodies

2020 ◽  
pp. 129-135
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Dzyura ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Arrangement ◽  
Relative Area ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
New Class ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Dimensional Parameters ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Rotating Bodies

The aim of the article is to classify partially regular microreliefs that are formed on the end surfaces of rotating bodies. The article analyzes the known classifications of regular microreliefs in scientific publications and regulations. The parameters by which regular microreliefs are classified and their characteristics are analyzed. The lack of information on the classification of partially regular microreliefs formed on the end surfaces of rotating bodies as a new class of microreliefs has been established. The proposed classification reveals a set of options for the implementation of partially regular microreliefs formed on the end surfaces of bodies of rotation and their characteristics. For the first time the classification of partially regular microreliefs that are formed on the end surfaces of rotating bodies is offered, carried out on the basis of features of kinematics of technological process. It c can be a basis for creation of their mathematical models and definition of the relative area of vibro-rolling. Signs of classification are proposed to take: methods of forming a partially regular microrelief; the shape of the centerline of continuous regular micro-irregularities; mutual arrangement of adjacent grooves; mutual placement of axial lines of continuous regular micro-inequalities; groove shapes. Each of these features is divided into certain sub-features, which consist of the corresponding characteristics, which are expressed by the elements of the mode of vibration rolling, the dimensional parameters of the elements of the grooves, their mutual placement. For the first time, analytical dependences were obtained to determine the parameter of partially regular microreliefs classification formed on the end surfaces of rotating bodies by the nature of the change in the radii of the axial lines and their axial steps.

scholarly journals Essential Fundamentals of Armed Violence through the Prism of the Phenomenon of Social Violence

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Anton Bader
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Evolution ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Social Violence ◽  
Armed Violence ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Radical Form

The article comprehensively examines the social sources of armed violence, as one of the important phenomena in the development of humanity. Based on the analysis of works by leading Ukrainian and foreign scientists, the author considers the essence of the phenomenon of armed violence in the context of the development of social violence. In particular, a significant number of scientific papers have been analyzed, in which certain aspects of the topic chosen for research are disclosed, the main approaches and concepts that have developed in the process of studying this issue are identified and characterized.The complex characteristic of the basic concepts that studied in the article is presented. The term "social violence" the author understands as the application by one class or another of a social group of various forms of coercion, up to armed influence, against other classes and social groups in order to obtain or maintain economic and political dominance, to gain these or those rights or privileges. Accordingly, armed violence is interpreted as a way to achieve the goals using weapons. The author agrees with the opinion of a significant number of scientists regarding the definition of armed violence as a radical form of the use of social violence.As a result of the research, the author has come to the conclusion that violence has been characteristic of the human environment since its occurrence. As most scholars have noted, since the emergence of social relations, violence, including armed violence, has been one of the most important ways to achieve the goals of controlling and asserting dominance in other members of social communities. Armed violence is the most radical form of achievement of the aforementioned goal. As a form of social interaction, as noted by psychologists, armed violence is the result of the transformation of animal instincts that, in the course of social evolution, have evolved into one of the specific forms of struggle for domination within complex human communities. This is the main scientific value of the articles analyzed in the article.At the same time, as the analysis of the researched works has shown, the further classification of the types of armed violence according to the spheres of its application in social life and its varieties, according to the tasks, which are realized in the process of its use, needs further consideration. The article assumes that the most important criterion for the classification of violence is the use of weapons in this process. It is noted that no one can doubt that armed violence is violence. It is suggested to consider the main goal of most unarmed forms of social violence − the prevention of armed forms of confrontation. These aspects will be addressed in future scientific publications

Clinical, Aetiological, Anatomical and Pathological Classification (Ceap): Gold Standard and Limits

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 114-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Rabe ◽  
F Pannier
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Consensus Conference ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Consensus Document ◽  
Venous Diseases ◽  
Ceap Classification ◽  
Definition Of

The first CEAP (clinical, aetiological, anatomical and pathological elements) consensus document was published after a consensus conference of the American Venous Forum, held at the sixth annual meeting of the AVF in February 1994 in Maui, Hawaii. In the following years the CEAP classification was published in many international journals and books which has led to widespread international use of the CEAP classification since 1995. The aim of this paper is to review the benefits and limits of CEAP from the available literature. In an actual Medline analysis with the keywords ‘CEAP’ and ‘venous insufficiency’, 266 publications using the CEAP classification in venous diseases are available. The CEAP classification was accepted in the venous community and used in scientific publications, but in most of the cases only the clinical classification was used. Limitations of the first version including a lack of clear definition of clinical signs led to a revised version. The CEAP classification is the gold standard of classification of chronic venous disorders today. Nevertheless for proper use some facts have to be taken into account: the CEAP classification is not a severity classification, C2 summarizes all kinds of varicose veins, in C3 it may be difficult to separate venous and other reasons for oedema, and corona phlebectatica is not included in the classification. Further revisions of the CEAP classification may help to overcome the still-existing deficits.

scholarly journals Phonetics and orthoepy: Status, object and tasks of two disciplines

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-581
Author(s):  
Maria L. Kalenchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sound Level ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Sound System ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Status ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Russian Language

It is known that two linguistic disciplines — phonetics and orthoepy — coexist on the sound level of the Russian language. The question of the relationship between the status, object and tasks of these sections as independent linguistic disciplines is debatable. In the works of modern scientists, two main approaches to the definition of phonetics and orthoepy can be found. Some linguists traditionally believe that both sections of the science of spoken speech study the same language material, but from different angles. Others attempt to differentiate the areas of responsibility of phonetics and orthoepy, showing that they operate in principle with different sound facts. The article formulates and analyzes these points of view and offers a new approach that allows not to contrast phonetics and orthoepy, but to combine them on the basis of the principle of positional structure. The implementation of a phoneme under the action of an orthoepic regularity is probabilistically predicted by a number of factors of different nature — phonetic, lexical, grammatical, word-forming, graphic and sociolinguistic, which were previously proposed to be called orthoepic positions. These factors do not operate in isolation, but there is a complex hierarchical system of relationships between them. It is possible to provide a description of the sound system of the Russian language, in which pronouncing patterns are divided not into phonetic and orthoepic, but into positional and non-positional. The concepts of phonetic and orthoepic positions can either be combined into a single concept of pronouncing positions, or, while preserving the concepts of phonetic and orthoepic positions, the former can be considered as a particular manifestation of the latter, which removes the question of differences between phonetics and orthoepy.

scholarly journals INFORMATION AS THE BASIS FOR THE DIFFERENTIATION OF THE SUBJECT AND OBJECTS OF FORENSIC EXAMINATIONS

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
M. G. Shcherbakovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Direct Object ◽  
Legal Information ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
Forensic Examination ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Expert Study

The subject offorensic examination as a practical activity is one of the most important categories offorensic examinations theory. The subject offorensic examination is used to classify forensic examinations. The definition of the subject offorensic examinations through the prism of information theory categories is the most productive. Information is a part of the data about the investigated object which is used to solve a particular task. Legal information is used during investigation of crimes. The author proposes a classification of legal information. Information is divided into criminally relevant and neutral, depending on the relationship of the data to the event of the crime. Information is procedural or nonprocedural, depending on the method of receipt in accordance with the procedural law. Information is evidentiary if it presents the content of evidence by itself. Information is orienting when it’s used for organizational or tactical purposes. Information is criminalistic, expert or operative-search, depending on the methods and subjects of its receipt. Information, received by the expert during the investigation, is criminally relevant or neutral, procedural, expert, evidentiary or orienting. The data that are received by an expert, become useful information if they help to resolve issues put to a forensic expert. A special object of forensic examination (information field) is the totality of homogeneous properties of the subsumer. The direct object of an expert research is a part of a special object that is subjected to research during a specific expert study. The subject of forensic examination kind is evidentiary and orienting information that can be obtained at the contemporary stage of forensic examination development by researching a special object that is a part of the object properties offorensic examination kind. The subject ofparticular forensic examination is evidentiary or orienting information, which must be obtained by an investigation of a direct object that is the part of the properties of the particular material carrier submitted for examination.

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