scholarly journals Classification of Partially Regular Microreliefs Formed on the End Surfaces of Rotary Bodies

2020 ◽  
pp. 129-135
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Dzyura ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Arrangement ◽  
Relative Area ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
New Class ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Dimensional Parameters ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Rotating Bodies

The aim of the article is to classify partially regular microreliefs that are formed on the end surfaces of rotating bodies. The article analyzes the known classifications of regular microreliefs in scientific publications and regulations. The parameters by which regular microreliefs are classified and their characteristics are analyzed. The lack of information on the classification of partially regular microreliefs formed on the end surfaces of rotating bodies as a new class of microreliefs has been established. The proposed classification reveals a set of options for the implementation of partially regular microreliefs formed on the end surfaces of bodies of rotation and their characteristics. For the first time the classification of partially regular microreliefs that are formed on the end surfaces of rotating bodies is offered, carried out on the basis of features of kinematics of technological process. It c can be a basis for creation of their mathematical models and definition of the relative area of vibro-rolling. Signs of classification are proposed to take: methods of forming a partially regular microrelief; the shape of the centerline of continuous regular micro-irregularities; mutual arrangement of adjacent grooves; mutual placement of axial lines of continuous regular micro-inequalities; groove shapes. Each of these features is divided into certain sub-features, which consist of the corresponding characteristics, which are expressed by the elements of the mode of vibration rolling, the dimensional parameters of the elements of the grooves, their mutual placement. For the first time, analytical dependences were obtained to determine the parameter of partially regular microreliefs classification formed on the end surfaces of rotating bodies by the nature of the change in the radii of the axial lines and their axial steps.

scholarly journals Modern Classification of the Properties of Papillary Patterns of Human Hands and Feet for the Solution of Identification and Non-Identification Problems in Forensic Expert Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-459
Author(s):  
V. I. Balko
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Identification Problems ◽  
Basic Properties ◽  
Modern Classification ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Hands And Feet ◽  
First Time ◽  
Papillary Pattern

The relevance and novelty of the topic of the article is connected with the fact that for the first time the improved classification of the properties of human papillary patterns and their displays and the dynamic trend of expanding the legal base of fingerprint registration in the world are considered. The goal is to systematize the properties of human papillary patterns and their representations. General scientific and special methods were used. The analysis of the literature and the author's practice allow us to identify and consider the following properties of papillary patterns and their mappings, which were divided into three groups for cognitive purposes: their own properties, the properties of mappings, and the properties of the fat-rich substance of the human papillary pattern and its trace. For the first time, the properties of the poly-fat substance of the human papillary pattern and its trace are presented, which is important in view of the trend in the development of complex fingerprint examination. For the first time, the first and second groups are conditionally divided into four subgroups: for solving identification, diagnostic, classification and situational problems. For the first time, the third group is further conditionally divided into four subgroups: according to the interaction of the human body fat with the carrier object; according to the isolation of the human body fat trace; according to the dynamics of the preservation and contrast of the display of the fat-free substance of the human papillary pattern. On the other hand, the properties of papillary patterns themselves are divided into basic properties and properties for solving identification and non-identification problems, respectively. The author's definition of the following concepts is presented: "basic properties of human papillary patterns" and "properties of human papillary patterns", "basic properties of human papillary patterns mappings" and "properties of human papillary patterns mappings", "basic properties of human papillary matter" and "properties of human papillary matter", "basic properties of human papillary matter" and" properties of human papillary matter". This provides an opportunity for specialists and teachers to improve their cognitive and practical activities, and for those responsible and competent for the organization of examinations to consider creating a center for comprehensive fingerprint examination.

scholarly journals Managerial innovations: Approach to definition and classification

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-519
Author(s):  
Yaroslav D. Sovetkin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
General Concept ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Bibliographic Analysis ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Citation Indexes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Managerial Innovation

Managerial innovations have become the topic of interest for many scholars, but this concept remains underdeveloped and poorly managed among the academy and business community in Russia. This paper offers the composition of approach to definition and classifi cation of managerial innovations, formed on the basis of exploration of the concept “managerial innovation” evolution, and estimation of the relationship with a more general concept “innovation”. The suggested composition of approach is based on the three-stage bibliographic analysis of scientific literature. In course of the bibliographic research, scientific articles were selected according to the key words, period of publication and citation index. 140 scientific publications were identified and collected for the period from 1975 to 2019 covering citation indexes from 0 to 12 476 by Web of Science citation database and from 4 to 2 185 by Scopus database. On the basis of the conducted bibliographic research, the author introduces his definition of innovation and managerial innovation and explains the connection between them. Within the conducted research different approaches to classification of managerial innovations were studied and on their basis a new approach to classification of managerial innovations was proposed. The findings can be useful for different avenues of further research regarding managerial innovations.

scholarly journals Essential Fundamentals of Armed Violence through the Prism of the Phenomenon of Social Violence

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Anton Bader
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Evolution ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Social Violence ◽  
Armed Violence ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Radical Form

The article comprehensively examines the social sources of armed violence, as one of the important phenomena in the development of humanity. Based on the analysis of works by leading Ukrainian and foreign scientists, the author considers the essence of the phenomenon of armed violence in the context of the development of social violence. In particular, a significant number of scientific papers have been analyzed, in which certain aspects of the topic chosen for research are disclosed, the main approaches and concepts that have developed in the process of studying this issue are identified and characterized.The complex characteristic of the basic concepts that studied in the article is presented. The term "social violence" the author understands as the application by one class or another of a social group of various forms of coercion, up to armed influence, against other classes and social groups in order to obtain or maintain economic and political dominance, to gain these or those rights or privileges. Accordingly, armed violence is interpreted as a way to achieve the goals using weapons. The author agrees with the opinion of a significant number of scientists regarding the definition of armed violence as a radical form of the use of social violence.As a result of the research, the author has come to the conclusion that violence has been characteristic of the human environment since its occurrence. As most scholars have noted, since the emergence of social relations, violence, including armed violence, has been one of the most important ways to achieve the goals of controlling and asserting dominance in other members of social communities. Armed violence is the most radical form of achievement of the aforementioned goal. As a form of social interaction, as noted by psychologists, armed violence is the result of the transformation of animal instincts that, in the course of social evolution, have evolved into one of the specific forms of struggle for domination within complex human communities. This is the main scientific value of the articles analyzed in the article.At the same time, as the analysis of the researched works has shown, the further classification of the types of armed violence according to the spheres of its application in social life and its varieties, according to the tasks, which are realized in the process of its use, needs further consideration. The article assumes that the most important criterion for the classification of violence is the use of weapons in this process. It is noted that no one can doubt that armed violence is violence. It is suggested to consider the main goal of most unarmed forms of social violence − the prevention of armed forms of confrontation. These aspects will be addressed in future scientific publications

scholarly journals A Synergetic Theory of Information

Information ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Vyatkin
Keyword(s):  
Average Length ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Discrete Systems ◽  
Information Law ◽  
Finite Set ◽  
The Law ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Synergetic Theory ◽  
First Time

A new approach is presented to defining the amount of information, in which information is understood as the data about a finite set as a whole, whereas the average length of an integrative code of elements serves as a measure of information. In the framework of this approach, the formula for the syntropy of a reflection was obtained for the first time, that is, the information which two intersecting finite sets reflect (reproduce) about each other. Features of a reflection of discrete systems through a set of their parts are considered and it is shown that reproducible information about the system (the additive syntropy of reflection) and non-reproducible information (the entropy of reflection) are, respectively, measures of the structural order and the chaos. At that, the general classification of discrete systems is given by the ratio of the order and the chaos. Three information laws have been established: The law of conservation of the sum of chaos and order; the information law of reflection; and the law of conservation and transformation of information. An assessment of the structural organization and the level of development of discrete systems is presented. It is shown that various measures of information are structural characteristics of integrative codes of elements of discrete systems. A conclusion is made that, from the information-genetic positions, the synergetic approach to the definition of the quantity of information is primary in relation to the approaches of Hartley and Shannon.

Clinical, Aetiological, Anatomical and Pathological Classification (Ceap): Gold Standard and Limits

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 114-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Rabe ◽  
F Pannier
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Consensus Conference ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Consensus Document ◽  
Venous Diseases ◽  
Ceap Classification ◽  
Definition Of

The first CEAP (clinical, aetiological, anatomical and pathological elements) consensus document was published after a consensus conference of the American Venous Forum, held at the sixth annual meeting of the AVF in February 1994 in Maui, Hawaii. In the following years the CEAP classification was published in many international journals and books which has led to widespread international use of the CEAP classification since 1995. The aim of this paper is to review the benefits and limits of CEAP from the available literature. In an actual Medline analysis with the keywords ‘CEAP’ and ‘venous insufficiency’, 266 publications using the CEAP classification in venous diseases are available. The CEAP classification was accepted in the venous community and used in scientific publications, but in most of the cases only the clinical classification was used. Limitations of the first version including a lack of clear definition of clinical signs led to a revised version. The CEAP classification is the gold standard of classification of chronic venous disorders today. Nevertheless for proper use some facts have to be taken into account: the CEAP classification is not a severity classification, C2 summarizes all kinds of varicose veins, in C3 it may be difficult to separate venous and other reasons for oedema, and corona phlebectatica is not included in the classification. Further revisions of the CEAP classification may help to overcome the still-existing deficits.

scholarly journals New opportunities for treatment of severe bronchial asthma: from clinical studies to portraits of patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
N M Nenasheva
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
New Class ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Time

The proportion of patients with controlled asthma has increased over the last 15 years, however, still there is a significant proportion of patients who do not achieve control of the disease, and therefore have a high risk of exacerbations, hospitalizations, and poor quality of life. Patients with severe asthma, for which there were limited additional pharmacotherapy are the major problem. For the first time in recent years in the treatment of asthma a new class of drugs appeared: longacting anticholinergics - tiotropium which had been entered in stepwise therapy of asthma by GINA 2015. The definition of severe asthma, the role of the cholinergic nervous system in bronchial asthma, mechanism of action and clinical efficacy of tiotropium in severe bronchial asthma adults are described in the article.

Criminal Law Analysis of Iatrogenic Crimes and Practice of Applying the Norms of Criminal Law, Providing Responsibility for their Commission

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-61
Author(s):  
R. B. Ivanchenko ◽  
◽  
V. A. Zaryaev
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Medical Errors ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

Introduction. Caring for the health of citizens is the most important task of any state, and the article 41 of the Constitution of Russia directly establishes the right of everyone to protection of health and medical care. Despite the noble and humane mission that medical workers are called upon to carry out, helping people and saving their lives, the problem of medical errors (iatrogenic) leading to tragic consequences has clearly indicated its presence recently. The high public danger of such phenomena causes the need for their criminal law assessment. The problems that arise in this case are connected, first of all, with a diverse understanding of the essence of medical errors and iatrogenic crimes, the lack of uniformity in the application of the criminal law establishing liability for their commission. Theoretical Basis. Methods. The article is based on the analysis of Russian and foreign criminal, administrative, civil legislation, court sentences and decisions, scientific publications in Russian and foreign publications. In addition, expert opinions, doctrinal ideas and opinions on the topics of this work were used. In the process of preparing the article, a number of general scientific and private scientific research methods were used. Results. The article discusses issues related to the specifics of the criminal law assessment of acts committed by medical workers in the process of professional activity. The positions of specialists are given regarding the definition of this specific group of crimes, the author’s vision is formulated on the classification of specific socially dangerous acts as “iatrogenic”. The current legislation in the field of health care is examined, which makes it possible to concretize the terminology used in the articles of the Russian Criminal Code providing liability for iatrogenic crimes. The judicial-investigative practice of applying the indicated norms of the criminal law is analyzed, the problems of qualification of such acts are revealed. Discussion and Conclusion. In conclusion, the authors differentiate such concepts as “medical error”, “accident”, “iatrogenic crime”, determine that the deliberate commission of an iatrogenic crime should be assessed either according to the rules on the circumstances that exclude the criminal act, or as a general criminal act; designate a circle of crimes defined as “iatrogenic”; come to the conclusion that the solution to the problem of counteraction to iatrogenic crimes cannot be associated with the intensification or expansion of criminal repression.

scholarly journals De-Extinction

Genes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Novak
Keyword(s):  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
New Classification ◽  
International Union ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Woolly Mammoth

De-extinction projects for species such as the woolly mammoth and passenger pigeon have greatly stimulated public and scientific interest, producing a large body of literature and much debate. To date, there has been little consistency in descriptions of de-extinction technologies and purposes. In 2016, a special committee of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) published a set of guidelines for de-extinction practice, establishing the first detailed description of de-extinction; yet incoherencies in published literature persist. There are even several problems with the IUCN definition. Here I present a comprehensive definition of de-extinction practice and rationale that expounds and reconciles the biological and ecological inconsistencies in the IUCN definition. This new definition brings together the practices of reintroduction and ecological replacement with de-extinction efforts that employ breeding strategies to recover unique extinct phenotypes into a single “de-extinction” discipline. An accurate understanding of de-extinction and biotechnology segregates the restoration of certain species into a new classification of endangerment, removing them from the purview of de-extinction and into the arena of species’ recovery. I term these species as “evolutionarily torpid species”; a term to apply to species falsely considered extinct, which in fact persist in the form of cryopreserved tissues and cultured cells. For the first time in published literature, all currently active de-extinction breeding programs are reviewed and their progress presented. Lastly, I review and scrutinize various topics pertaining to de-extinction in light of the growing body of peer-reviewed literature published since de-extinction breeding programs gained public attention in 2013.

scholarly journals Innovative process as an object of management

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
M. Chechelashvili ◽  
Z. Chkhaidze
Keyword(s):  
Transition Economy ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Time

The article explores the term "innovation", for which the authors use modern approaches to its understanding. According author’s mind, In the world economic literature, “innovation” is interpreted as the transformation of potential scientific and technological progress into real, embodied in new products and technologies. The issue of innovations in our country has traditionally been developed in the framework of economic research of scientific and technical progress. The term “innovation” has been actively used in the transition economy of Georgia, both independently and to denote a number of related concepts: innovation activity, innovation process, innovation solution, etc. To clarify the concept of innovation, we consider different views on its essence. After giving their own definition of the term, the authors proceed to the classification of innovations and note that their diversity and heterogeneity require some kind of work. According to the classification of the authors of the study, innovations are divided according to innovative potential, technological parameters, content, place in the enterprise, causes, nature of the needs being satisfied, degree of territorial novelty. The authors think that the innovation process as an object of management is much more complex than a routine production process. Any business performed by a person or an organization for the first time is nothing more than an innovation process (table), which causes a lot of difficulties and mistakes, requires alterations and adjustments. Routine processes, on the contrary, are repeated regularly, which leads to specialization and automation of personnel knowledge and skills, reduction of errors in the technological process, and development of a clear and effective algorithm of actions. In the process of research, the authors compiled a comparative description of the innovation and production processes and gave the concept, structure, content of the work of innovation processes at its main stages. In conclusion, the authors note that as F. Kotler notes, the development of a new product is most effective in those cases where from the very beginning there is close cooperation between the research and development department and the technical, manufacturing, marketing and financial departments of the company.

scholarly journals First record of the littoral genus Alismobates (Acari: Oribatida) from the Atlantic ocean, with a redefinition of the family Fortuyniidae based on adult and juvenile morphology

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3301 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOBIAS PFINGSTL ◽  
REINHART SCHUSTER
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
First Record ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Tidal Inundation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Time

Alismobates inexpectatus sp.n., found on rocky shores of the archipelago of Bermuda is described from larva to adult. Addi-tionally a detailed description of the immatures of Fortuynia atlantica, also known from Bermuda, is given. Based on adult andjuvenile morphology the position of the genus Alismobates within the family of Fortuyniidae is clearly confirmed. Furthermorethe definition of the family Fortuyniidae is revised and the classification of its members is discussed. The Fortuyniidae are bestcharacterized by the presence of a “van der Hammen’s Organ”, whereas the configuration of cuticular channels differs remark-ably between the genera Fortuynia and Alismobates. The juveniles of A. inexpectatus and F. atlantica Krisper et Schuster, 2008exhibit conformity in most aspects, whereas porose areas associated with notogastral setae and singular pores in the lateral andposterior ventral folds leading into fine tracheal tubes are documented for the first time in fortuyniid immatures. These poresare part of a complex plastron system expressed in immatures to withstand tidal inundation. The present discovery of Alismo-bates inexpectatus is the first record of a member of this genus from Atlantic coasts and therefore represents a considerable extension of the geographic distribution of this taxon.

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