Observed trends in the river ice regimes of northwest Canada

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 462-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Richard Janowicz
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Transportation Networks ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Ice Jams ◽  
Temperature Trends ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Break Up ◽  
First Time ◽  
Annual Summer

Yukon air temperature trends have been observed to change over the last several decades with an increase in annual, summer and winter air temperatures, while changes in precipitation have not been consistent. An assessment of freeze-up and break-up dates indicates that the ice cover season is becoming shorter with delays in freeze-up and advances in break-up timing. Mid-winter break-up events and associated flooding have been observed for the first time. Break-up water level trends suggest that break-up severity is increasing. These changes cannot be definitely attributed to climate change as there is some evidence suggesting that teleconnections may be a factor. The observed changes have significant implications pertaining to public safety, and economic impacts on property and infrastructure, transportation networks and hydroelectric operations. Ice jams and associated backwater and surges also affect aquatic ecosystems through impacts on biological and chemical processes.

Empirical models for forecasting changes in the phenology of ice cover for Canadian lakes

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 982-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J. Shuter ◽  
C.K. Minns ◽  
S.R. Fung
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Spring Break ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Emissions Scenarios ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Ipcc Sres ◽  
Phenology Model ◽  
Ice Phenology

In situ and remote-sensed data on freeze-up and break-up dates for lakes spread over much of Canada were used to develop and validate simple regression models linking lake ice phenology to climatic conditions and lake morphometry. The primary variables affecting fall freeze-up dates were the fall date when 30-day smoothed air temperatures reached 0 °C and lake mean depth; the primary variables affecting spring break-up date were the spring date when 30-day smoothed air temperatures reached 0 °C, solar elevation on that date, and the number of days over winter when 30-day smoothed air temperatures were <0 °C. These models were used to project potential impacts of climate change on ice phenology across Canada; by 2055 (under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (IPCC SRES) A2 emissions scenario), freeze-up dates were projected to be an average of 10 days later. Break-up dates were projected to be from 0 to 16 days earlier, with greater changes occurring at higher latitudes. These projections were similar to those independently derived using a mechanistic ice phenology model.

scholarly journals Use of Neutron-Activation Analysis for Detection of Rare and Scattered Elements in Some Components of Aquatic Ecosystems (Au as an Example)

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Aquatic Organism ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Ceratophyllum Demersum ◽  
Aquatic Microcosms ◽  
Viviparus Viviparus ◽  
First Time ◽  
Unio Pictorum

In the conditions of laboratory aquatic microcosms it was the first time when data on Au and some other elements concentrations in detritus formed by widely spread aquatic organism species (shellfish Viviparus viviparus, Unio pictorum and macrophytes Ceratophyllum demersum) have been obtained. Measurements have been done by the method of neutron-activating analysis. These experiments have demonstrated once again a significant role of biogenic detritus in conjugation of hydro/biological and geo/chemical processes in aquatic systems. New results add to the previous data on chemical elements content in ecosystems components including aquatic ecosystems. The obtained data can be used in development of the monitoring scientific grounds as well remediation, rehabilitation and restoration of water bodies.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KECENDERUNGAN (TREND) SUHU UDARA DAN CURAH HUJAN DI PULAU FLORES (LABUAN BAJO, RUTENG, MAUMERE, DAN LARANTUKA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-56
Author(s):  
Fifi Novita Ambi ◽  
Hadi Imam Sutadji ◽  
Apolinaris S Geru ◽  
Andreas Christian Louk
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Rainfall Trend ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Temperature Trends ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Rainfall Trends ◽  
Key Words Climate Change

Abstrak Telah dilakukan penelitian  analisis kecenderungan (trend) suhu udara dan curah hujan di Pulau Flores (Labuan Bajo, Ruteng, Maumere dan Larantuka). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui profil suhu udara dan curah hujan serta mengetahui trend suhu udara dan curah hujan di Pulau Flores untuk daerah Labuan Bajo, Ruteng, Maumere, dan Larantuka. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari BMKG Stasiun Klimatologi Kupang. Pengolahan data dengan  menghitung rata-rata untuk mengetahui profil curah hujan dan suhu udara serta menggunakan metode regresi linear untuk menghitung trend suhu udara dan curah hujan. Berdasarkan pengolahan data, profil curah hujan di Pulau Flores untuk daerah Labuan Bajo, Ruteng, Maumere, dan Larantuka adalah Pola hujan Monsun, untuk profil suhu udara di Pulau Flores suhu udara rata-rata tertinggi terjadi pada bulan November sebesar 29,90C dan suhu udara rata-rata terendah terjadi pada bulan Juli sebesar 18,50C. Untuk trend curah hujan di Labuan Bajo mengalami trend penurunan sebesar -0,919 mm, Ruteng mengalami trend peningkatan sebesar 1,2688 mm, Maumere mengalami trend peningkatan sebesar 0,1442 mm, Larantuka mengalami trend peningkatan sebesar 0,2734 mm. Untuk Trend suhu udara di Labuan Bajo mengalami trend peningkatan sebesar 0,03470C, Ruteng mengalami trend peningkatan sebesar 0,0050C, Maumere mengalami trend peningkatan sebesar 0,01440C, dan Larantuka mengalami trend peningkatan sebesar 0,0360C. Kata kunci: Perubahan iklim, trend, suhu udara, curah hujan ANALYSIS OF TREND OF AIR TEMPERATURE AND RAINFALL IN THE FLORES ISLAND (LABUAN BAJO, RUTENG, MAUMERE AND LARANTUKA)    ABSTRACT Analysis of  the trend rainfall and air temperature has been conducted on Flores Island (Labuan Bajo, Ruteng, Maumere and Larantuka). The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of air temperature and rainfall and determine air temperature and rainfall trend on the island of Flores for the areas of Labuan Bajo, Ruteng, Maumere, and Larantuka. Data obtained from BMKG Kupang Climatology Station. Data processing by calculating the average to determine the profile of rainfall and air temperature and using linear regression methods to calculate air temperature and rainfall trends. Based on data processing, rainfall profiles on Flores Island for the areas of Labuan Bajo, Ruteng, Maumere, and Larantuka are Monsoon Rain Patterns, for the temperature profile on Flores Island the highest average air temperatures occur in November at 29.90C and the temperature the lowest average air occurred  in July of 18,50C. Rainfall trend in Labuan Bajo experienced a downward trend of -0.919 mm, Ruteng experienced an upward trend of 1.2688 mm, Maumere experienced an upward trend of 0.1442 mm, Larantuka had an upward  trend of 0.2734 mm. For air temperature trends in Labuan Bajo experiencing an upward  trend of 0.03470C, Ruteng experiencing an upward trend of 0.0050C, Maumere experiencing an upward trend of 0.01440C,and Larantuka experiencing an upward trend of 0.0360C. Key words: climate change, trends, air temperature, rainfall

scholarly journals Special Issue on Climate Migration

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Anda David ◽  
Frédéric Docquier
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Low Latitude ◽  
Weather Shocks ◽  
Temperature Trends ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Slow Onset

How do weather shocks influence human mobility and poverty, and how will long-term climate change affect future migration over the course of the 21st century? These questions have gained unprecedented attention in public debates as global warming is already having severe impacts around the world, and prospects for the coming decades get worse. Low-latitude countries in general, and their agricultural areas in particular, have contributed the least to climate change but are the most adversely affected. The effect on people's voluntary and forced displacements is of major concern for both developed and developing countries. On 18 October 2019, Agence Française de Développement (AFD) and Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER) organized a workshop on Climate Migration with the aim of uncovering the mechanisms through which fast-onset variables (such as weather anomalies, storms, hurricanes, torrential rains, floods, landslides, etc.) and slow-onset variables (such as temperature trends, desertification, rising sea level, coastal erosion, etc.) influence both people's incentives to move and mobility constraints. This special issue gathers five papers prepared for this workshop, which shed light on (or predict) the effect of extreme weather shocks and long-term climate change on human mobility, and stress the implications for the development community.

scholarly journals Observations on Palaeogeographical Evolution of Akrotiri Salt Lake, Lemesos, Cyprus

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Miltiadis Polidorou ◽  
Niki Evelpidou ◽  
Theodora Tsourou ◽  
Hara Drinia ◽  
Ferréol Salomon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Landscape Evolution ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Active Tectonics ◽  
Scientific Interest ◽  
Progressive Change ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Holocene Sediment ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

Akrotiri Salt Lake is located 5 km west of the city of Lemesos in the southernmost part of the island of Cyprus. The evolution of the Akrotiri Salt Lake is of great scientific interest, occurring during the Holocene when eustatic and isostatic movements combined with local active tectonics and climate change developed a unique geomorphological environment. The Salt Lake today is a closed lagoon, which is depicted in Venetian maps as being connected to the sea, provides evidence of the geological setting and landscape evolution of the area. In this study, for the first time, we investigated the development of the Akrotiri Salt Lake through a series of three cores which penetrated the Holocene sediment sequence. Sedimentological and micropaleontological analyses, as well as geochronological studies were performed on the deposited sediments, identifying the complexity of the evolution of the Salt Lake and the progressive change of the area from a maritime space to an open bay and finally to a closed salt lake.

scholarly journals Heatwaves and Summer Urban Heat Islands: A Daily Cycle Approach to Unveil the Urban Thermal Signal Changes in Lisbon, Portugal

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Oliveira ◽  
António Lopes ◽  
Ezequiel Correia ◽  
Samuel Niza ◽  
Amílcar Soares
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Daily Cycle ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Thermal Signal ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Local Climate Change ◽  
Urban Heat

Lisbon is a European Mediterranean city, greatly exposed to heatwaves (HW), according to recent trends and climate change prospects. Considering the Atlantic influence, air temperature observations from Lisbon’s mesoscale network are used to investigate the interactions between background weather and the urban thermal signal (UTS) in summer. Days are classified according to the prevailing regional wind direction, and hourly UTS is compared between HW and non-HW conditions. Northern-wind days predominate, revealing greater maximum air temperatures (up to 40 °C) and greater thermal amplitudes (approximately 10 °C), and account for 37 out of 49 HW days; southern-wind days have milder temperatures, and no HWs occur. Results show that the wind direction groups are significantly different. While southern-wind days have minor UTS variations, northern-wind days have a consistent UTS daily cycle: a diurnal urban cooling island (UCI) (often lower than –1.0 °C), a late afternoon peak urban heat island (UHI) (occasionally surpassing 4.0 °C), and a stable nocturnal UHI (1.5 °C median intensity). UHI/UCI intensities are not significantly different between HW and non-HW conditions, although the synoptic influence is noted. Results indicate that, in Lisbon, the UHI intensity does not increase during HW events, although it is significantly affected by wind. As such, local climate change adaptation strategies must be based on scenarios that account for the synergies between potential changes in regional air temperature and wind.

scholarly journals Variations of indicative dates of ice regime on Lake Onego based on ground air temperature

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav N. Baklagin
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Early Formation ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Ice Regime ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Ice Period ◽  
Ice Phenomena

The paper shows the changes in the dates (complete freeze-up, ±5 days/°C and complete ice clearance, ±3 days/°C) of the ice regime in Lake Onego depending on changes in average air temperature within the preceding two-month periods (autumn and spring). The regression equations for their calculation based on previous three- and four-month periods according to the 2000-2018 data are also provided. Indicative dates of ice regime based on accumulated air temperatures within the ice period of Lake Onego were also established (early formation of ice phenomena, complete freeze-up phase, beginning of the break-up phase and complete ice clearance). Together with the data on expected air temperature above the lake’s surface, these dependencies enable us to predict the indicative dates of the ice regime.

scholarly journals Observations of Freeze-Up and Break-Up of the Yukon River at Beaver, Alaska

1955 ◽  
Vol 2 (17) ◽  
pp. 488-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. John Williams
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
River Temperature ◽  
Ice Jams ◽  
Channel Current ◽  
Spring Break ◽  
Yukon River ◽  
Ice Concentration ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Temporary Rise

AbstractObservations of fall freeze-up and spring break-up, important to subarctic hydrology and to local economy, were made at the Yukon River town of Beaver, Alaska, September 1949 to June 1950. On October 15, with river temperature at 0° C., the freezing together of floating ice crystals formed thin ice pans that gradually thickened. Falling river level and increasingly heavy ice concentration choked off all but main channels. On 25 October ice jammed downstream and produced a continuous ice cover and a temporary rise of about 1 m. at Beaver. After 26 October the river resumed its drop in level until April. Freeze-up appears governed by local channel, current and weather conditions and lacks systematic progression either upstream or downstream.Spring thaw beginning in late April thawed snow cover and weakened river ice. In early May the river began to rise slowly, but at an increasing rate, until 13 May when ice was nearly free from shore. On 14 May, after a rise of about 3 m. in 24 hours, the ice broke and moved downstream as the flood crest passed Beaver. Downstream progression of break-up is delayed by local ice jams, the chief cause of disastrous river floods, and is advanced by early break-up of large tributaries.

scholarly journals The Fingerprint of Climate Change and Urbanization in South Korea

Atmosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Ho Nam ◽  
Guillermo Baigorria ◽  
Eun-Mi Hong ◽  
Taegon Kim ◽  
Yong-Sang Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Island Effect ◽  
Temperature Trends ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Precipitation And Temperature

Understanding long-term changes in precipitation and temperature patterns is important in the detection and characterization of climate change, as is understanding the implications of climate change when performing impact assessments. This study uses a statistically robust methodology to quantify long-, medium- and short-term changes for evaluating the degree to which climate change and urbanization have caused temporal changes in precipitation and temperature in South Korea. We sought to identify a fingerprint of changes in precipitation and temperature based on statistically significant differences at multiple-timescales. This study evaluates historical weather data during a 40-year period (1973–2012) and from 54 weather stations. Our results demonstrate that between 1993–2012, minimum and maximum temperature trends in the vicinity of urban and agricultural areas are significantly different from the two previous decades (1973–1992). The results for precipitation amounts show significant differences in urban areas. These results indicate that the climate in urbanized areas has been affected by both the heat island effect and global warming-caused climate change. The increase in the number of rainfall events in agricultural areas is highly significant, although the temporal trends for precipitation amounts showed no significant differences. Overall, the impacts of climate change and urbanization in South Korea have not been continuous over time and have been expressed locally and regionally in terms of precipitation and temperature changes.

scholarly journals The Pathogenicity ofShewanella algaeand Ability to Tolerate a Wide Range of Temperatures and Salinities

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Ying Tseng ◽  
Po-Yu Liu ◽  
Yi-Hsuan Lee ◽  
Zong-Yen Wu ◽  
Chiu-Chen Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Marine Bacterium ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Pathogenic Agent ◽  
Shewanella Algae ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Indole Production ◽  
Key Parameter ◽  
Clinical Cases

Shewanella algaeis a rod-shaped Gram-negative marine bacterium frequently found in nonhuman sources such as aquatic ecosystems and has been shown to be the pathogenic agent in various clinical cases due to the ingestion of raw seafood. The results of this study showed thatS. algaewas present in approximately one in four samples, including water and shellfish samples. Positive reactions (API systems) inS. algaestrains were seen for gelatinase (gelatin); however, negative reactions were found for indole production (tryptophan).S. algaeis adapted to a wide range of temperatures (4°C, 25°C, 37°C, and 42°C) and salinity. Temperature is a key parameter in the pathogenicity ofS. algaeas it appears to induce hemolysis at 25°C and 37°C.S. algaeexhibits pathogenic characteristics at widely varying temperatures, which suggests that it may have the ability to adapt to climate change.

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