Re-evaluating the rationale for irrigation technology adoption through an integrated trade-off analysis: case study of a cotton farming system in Australia

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. N. Maraseni ◽  
S. Mushtaq ◽  
K. Reardon-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Economic Modelling ◽  
Water Savings ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
Trade Offs

While the prevailing rationale for new irrigation technology adoption is improved water use efficiency, this study evaluated trade-offs between water savings, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and economic gain associated with the conversion of a furrow irrigation system to a sprinkler irrigation (lateral-move) system on a cotton farm in eastern Australia. Trade-offs were evident when conversion to the pressurised sprinkler irrigation system was evaluated in terms of fuel and energy-related emission; the adoption of the new system saved water but increased GHG emissions. However, when we considered changes in farm machinery and input uses as a result of the conversion, we found an overall reduction in GHG emissions. Overall, the GHG modelling indicated that higher total quantities of GHGs were emitted from the furrow irrigation (4,453 kg CO2e/ha) than from the sprinkler irrigation (3,347 kg CO2e/ha) farming system. Water efficiency modelling indicated that, on average, water savings of 18% are possible, while economic modelling indicated that the conversion of irrigation technology is a viable option. Even at a carbon price of AUD$30/tCO2e, investment in the sprinkler technology was an economically feasible option due to significant water savings and increased yield.

The Sprinkler Irrigation System Based on Wireless Sensor Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 791-793 ◽  
pp. 1769-1773
Author(s):  
Xiang Hua Xu ◽  
Wei Xing Wang ◽  
Yue Ming Hu ◽  
Song Bin Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Irrigation Technology

China is a country with serious shortage of water resources,water resources problem isn't just a matter of resources, but also a significant strategic question related to national economic and social sustainable development. Using efficient intelligent water-saving irrigation technology has become the general trend of irrigation technology all over the world. Is proposed a kind of intelligent irrigation system based on Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), can be used to realize large area such as landscaping, field crop on a large scale irrigation control,real-time monitoring of large area of soil's temperature and humidity distribution, and keep the block in the most appropriate humidity range to the growth of the crop, which effectively implement water-saving irrigation.

Economic Prospects for Sprinkle Irrigating Rice in Texas

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-117
Author(s):  
Ronald C. Griffin ◽  
M. Edward Rister ◽  
Michael R. Parker ◽  
Garry N. McCauley
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Capital Budgeting ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Flat Rate ◽  
Irrigation Technology

AbstractThe economic feasibility of investing in sprinkler irrigation technology for rice production is investigated using linear programming and capital budgeting to identify the net annual benefits and net present value, respectively. Groundwater and both flat rate and volumetrically priced surface water sources of irrigation water are analyzed. Under typical practices occurring in rice production operations in the Texas Rice Belt, sprinkler irrigation technology is not profitable at current water costs. Producers using volumetrically priced surface water have the greatest incentive to consider sprinkler irrigation, but water prices must increase by over 250 percent for the investment in a sprinkler irrigation system to become attractive. Yield reductions associated with sprinkle-irrigated rice are a significant disincentive. For equivalent flood- and sprinkle-irrigated rice yields, an increase in water prices of over 175 percent is required before the investment in a sprinkler irrigation system becomes economically feasible.

scholarly journals EMPOWERMENT OF FARMERS' GROUP IN WAMENA CITY THROUGH THE MAKING OF WELL-CONECTED IRRIGATION TECHNOLOGY

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 428
Author(s):  
Sumiyati Tuhuteru ◽  
Rein Edward Yohanes Rumbiak
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
System Management ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
Organic Farming System ◽  
Irrigation System Management

A good irrigation system management is needed to meet the water needs of agricultural land through a system of providing and distributing water appropriately. The application of wells conducted on partner farmers' lands is intended to collect water from secondary channels to meet crop water needs during the dry season which will have an impact on planting intensity. The purpose of this activity is to create an alternative irrigation pattern through the manufacture of well-conducted irrigation technology that functions to store and distribute water, especially in the dry season. The method used in the implementation of this activity is the method of lecturing or socializing and making well-conducted. The result of this community service that the community in Walelagama District can implement an organic farming system following established rules by taking into account the need for plant water and can improve cropping patterns with good and correct organic farming methods that have an impact on the surrounding environment without depending on the rainy season.

scholarly journals Evaluating Strategies to Improve Water Availability and Lateral Root Growth of Plants Grown in the Rice-Growing Lowlands of the Lower Mekong Basin

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1929
Author(s):  
Carlos Ballester ◽  
John Hornbuckle ◽  
Thavone Inthavong ◽  
Vanndy Lim ◽  
Jeffrey McCormick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Furrow Irrigation

Overcoming constraints that poorly structured lowland rice-growing soils of the Lower Mekong River Basin present for growing non-rice crops during the dry season would have a significant positive impact on the livelihood of smallholder farmers. This study investigated whether the use of soil organic amendments, bed architecture (conventional, flat and narrow) and water application methods (sprinkler, furrow and over-bed irrigation) could improve plant water availability in typical rice-growing soils of Cambodia and Laos by either improving the movement of water into beds or the growth of the root system. Five experiments were conducted over two dry seasons on peanut and maize grown in a bed/furrow system. Organic amendments assessed were rice straw, cow/goat manure, biochar, manure plus rice straw and biochar plus manure. Results showed that compared with conventional bed/furrow design, narrowing beds increased soil moisture availability for peanut, whilst higher grain yield and water productivity were achieved with sprinkler irrigation than furrow irrigation. Placing a layer of sub-surface straw within beds did not consistently enhance soil moisture or improve root development. The study showed that maize grown on soil amended with biochar plus cow manure under a furrow irrigation system and on rice straw under sprinkler irrigation produced yields above the average yield that models have simulated for maize grown on these soils. These findings present opportunities to enhance maize production on lowland soils across Cambodia and Laos. The contrary was observed for peanut production, which indicates that factors other than water might be detrimentally affecting crop yields.

scholarly journals The Prospects of Irrigation Technology in the Tribal Districts of Odisha

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 124-131
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Farm Household ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
Economic Survey

Odisha has always been competitive when it comes to mining and industrial activities, thanks to its abundant mineral content. Little does anyone know that agriculture is also an equally important sector which contributes around 19% to the Gross State Domestic product (GSDP). According to the Odisha Economic Survey 2018-19[1]GSDP grew at a rate of 8.4% as compared to 7.4% in the previous year. The mining, manufacturing and services sector have contributed significantly to the GSDP by about 10.8%, 18.5% and 41.6% respectively.Staterose up from 26th rank in 1996-97 to 16th in 2016-17. This also tells us about the growing development process in the State which is occurring along the lines of Prof. Boeke’s Dual economy model where the agriculture as well the manufacturing sector co-exist in an economy.But disappointinglythe pace of agricultural growthis gradually declining as compared to the other sectors. The major fallacies in the growth of the primary sector in the last few years are deficit rainfall, lack of proper infrastructure, low financial inclusion and low literacy level of farmers, sharecroppers and labourers.Undoubtedly theseaberrations can adversely impact farmer’s economic and social wellbeing. According to the Odisha Economic Survey 2018-19 the monthly farm household income in 2012-13 was INR 4976 but when compared to India’s average monthly farm household income of INR 6426, it seems inadequate. About 10.8 million people which is approximately 61.8% of the total workforce are involved in agricultural activities. The entirety of this agricultural workforce is responsible in contributing about 18-19% to the GSDP which seems a little disproportionate. In this process of developmentthe most affected communities are the backward tribes who do not have much of a say in the economy. This paper aims to find out the dependence between the productivity of crops on rainfall and how technology such as drip and sprinkler irrigation system can further help in alleviating this inconsistency in the tribal districts of Odisha.

Effects of strategic tillage on short-term erosion, nutrient loss in runoff and greenhouse gas emissions

Soil Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Melland ◽  
D. L. Antille ◽  
Y. P. Dang
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Nutrient Loss ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Nutrient Losses ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Occasional strategic tillage (ST) of long-term no-tillage (NT) soil to help control weeds may increase the risk of water, erosion and nutrient losses in runoff and of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions compared with NT soil. The present study examined the short-term effect of ST on runoff and GHG emissions in NT soils under controlled-traffic farming regimes. A rainfall simulator was used to generate runoff from heavy rainfall (70mmh–1) on small plots of NT and ST on a Vertosol, Dermosol and Sodosol. Nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) fluxes from the Vertosol and Sodosol were measured before and after the rain using passive chambers. On the Sodosol and Dermosol there was 30% and 70% more runoff, respectively, from ST plots than from NT plots, however, volumes were similar between tillage treatments on the Vertosol. Erosion was highest after ST on the Sodosol (8.3tha–1 suspended sediment) and there were no treatment differences on the other soils. Total nitrogen (N) loads in runoff followed a similar pattern, with 10.2kgha–1 in runoff from the ST treatment on the Sodosol. Total phosphorus loads were higher after ST than NT on both the Sodosol (3.1 and 0.9kgha–1, respectively) and the Dermosol (1.0 and 0.3kgha–1, respectively). Dissolved nutrient forms comprised less than 13% of total losses. Nitrous oxide emissions were low from both NT and ST in these low-input systems. However, ST decreased CH4 absorption from both soils and almost doubled CO2 emissions from the Sodosol. Strategic tillage may increase the susceptibility of Sodosols and Dermosols to water, sediment and nutrient losses in runoff after heavy rainfall. The trade-offs between weed control, erosion and GHG emissions should be considered as part of any tillage strategy.

The Impact of Treadle Pump Irrigation Technology Adoption on Poverty in Ghana

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adetola Adeoti ◽  
Boubacar Barry ◽  
Regassa Namara ◽  
Abdul Kamara
Keyword(s):  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Trade-offs between high yields and greenhouse gas emissions in irrigation wheat cropland in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2287-2294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. L. Cui ◽  
L. Wu ◽  
Y. L. Ye ◽  
W. Q. Ma ◽  
X. P. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Scientific Attention

Abstract. Although the concept of producing higher yields with reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is a goal that attracts increasing public and scientific attention, the trade-off between high yields and GHG emissions in intensive agricultural production is not well understood. Here, we hypothesize that there exists a mechanistic relationship between wheat grain yield and GHG emission, and that could be transformed into better agronomic management. A total 33 sites of on-farm experiments were investigated to evaluate the relationship between grain yield and GHG emissions using two systems (conventional practice, CP; high-yielding systems, HY) of intensive winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in China. Furthermore, we discussed the potential to produce higher yields with lower GHG emissions based on a survey of 2938 farmers. Compared to the CP system, grain yield was 39% (2352 kg ha−1) higher in the HY system, while GHG emissions increased by only 10%, and GHG emission intensity was reduced by 21%. The current intensive winter wheat system with farmers' practice had a median yield and maximum GHG emission rate of 6050 kg ha−1 and 4783 kg CO2 eq ha−1, respectively; however, this system can be transformed to maintain yields while reducing GHG emissions by 26% (6077 kg ha−1, and 3555 kg CO2 eq ha−1). Further, the HY system was found to increase grain yield by 39% with a simultaneous reduction in GHG emissions by 18% (8429 kg ha−1, and 3905 kg CO2 eq ha−1, respectively). In the future, we suggest moving the trade-off relationships and calculations from grain yield and GHG emissions to new measures of productivity and environmental protection using innovative management technologies.

scholarly journals AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PACOVAN ORGANIC BANANA IN IRRIGATION SYSTEMS IN THE AÇU-RN VALLEY

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 370-378
Author(s):  
JÚLIO JUSTINO DE ARAÚJO ◽  
VANDER MENDONÇA ◽  
MARIA FRANCISCA SOARES PEREIRA ◽  
MATHEUS DE FREITAS SOUZA
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Banana Production ◽  
Banana Tree ◽  
The One ◽  
Small Producers ◽  
Alternative Irrigation

ABSTRACT The banana tree is grown in an extensive tropical region throughout the world, usually by small producers. The present work had the objective of evaluating irrigation systems in banana production in the Açu-RN Valley, aiming at alternatives so that they can be recommended to farmers in the Açu Valley region. The experiment was carried out in the area of the School Farm of the IFRN Campus Ipanguaçu, located in the municipality of Ipanguaçu-RN. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with subdivided plots and eight replications. The irrigation systems were: irrigation, drip irrigation, micro sprinkler and alternative irrigation. The plots were composed of eight useful plants with spacing in double rows 4 x 2 x 2 m. Eight characteristics related to production were evaluated: bunch mass (MC); number of leaves (NP); number of fruits per cluster (NFC); mean mass of the leaves (MMP); diameter of the fruit of the second seed (DF2P); length of the fruit of the second seed (CF2P); mean fruit mass (MMF); productivity (Prod). The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared by the Tukey test at 5% of probability. In the first cycle of production the sprinkler irrigation system was the one that presented better results the productivity of the Pacovan banana tree; in the 3rd cycle the alternative irrigation system was the one that showed better results the productivity of the banana tree; where the electrical conductivity correlated with the sodium adsorption ratio in the irrigation water, contributed to a moderate limitation of use.

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