Sustainable Sanitation as a Part of an IWRM in the Karst Area of Gunung Kidul: Community Acceptance and Opinion

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nayono ◽  
M. Singer ◽  
H. Lehn ◽  
J. Kopfmüller
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Karst Area ◽  
Septic Tanks ◽  
Community Acceptance ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
The People ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Composting Toilets

To overcome the problem of water scarcity in a rural karst area located in Gunung Sewu, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, water from an underground cave (Bribin Cave) is pumped and distributed to the people. Since karst aquifers are often considered as highly vulnerable to contamination from human activities, potential problems caused by current sanitation and hygiene practices in the recharge region must be anticipated. About 90% of the people in the recharge area use pour flush syphon toilets with poorly designed septic tanks and the rest have simple pit latrines. However, the existing septic tanks are very poorly designed and are actually only improved infiltration pits. One possible option to reduce the risk of aquifer contamination is to promote sustainable sanitation, which combines hygienic aspects with recycling of nutrients from human feces and urine. Sustainable sanitation comprises different technologies including low cost technology, which can be afforded by the community and provide economic benefit to the low income inhabitants in Gunung Sewu. The technology proposed is urine diverting and composting toilets. This paper presents the existing condition of rural domestic wastewater treatment and the opinion/ acceptance of the community in karst area of Gunung Sewu towards urine diverting and composting toilets. The results of the survey shows that although the acceptance of using the composting toilet is not high (25% to 43%), the interest of the community in using the end product is relatively high. While the acceptance of composting fertilizer from feces (humanure) ranges from 37% to 57%, urine fertilizer attracts 42%-71% respondents' interest.

Case study: Reducing preventable maternal mortality in Rwandan healthcare facilities through improvements in WASH protocols

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Guzman
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Water Access ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Hygiene Practices

Problem A lack of proper water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) infrastructure and poor hygiene practices reduce the preparedness and response of health care facilities (HCFs) in low-income countries to infection and disease outbreaks. According to a World Bank Service Provision Assessment conducted in 2007, only 28% of HCFs in Rwanda had water access throughout the year supplied by tap and 58% of HCFs provided functioning latrines. 1 This evaluation of services and infrastructure in HCFs in Rwanda indicates that targets for WASH in-country need to be enhanced. Objectives To present a case study of the causes and management of sepsis during delivery that led to the death of a 27-year-old woman, and propose a WASH protocol to be implemented in HCFs in Rwanda. Methods The state of WASH services used by staff, caregivers, and patients in HCFs was assessed in 2009 in national evaluations conducted by the Ministry of Infrastructure of Rwanda. Site selection was purposive, based on the presence of both water and power supply. Direct observation was used to assess water treatment, presence and condition of sanitation facilities and sterile equipment in the delivery room, provision of soap and water, gloves, alcohol-based hand rub, and WASH-related record keeping. Results All healthcare facilities met Ministry policies for water access, but WHO guidelines for environmental standards, including for water quality, were not fully satisfied. Conclusions The promotion and provision of low-cost technologies that enable improved WASH practices could help to reduce high rates of morbidity and mortality due to infection in low-income countries.

scholarly journals Implementation of the Policy on the Construction of Cheap Houses for Low-Income Communities in Palembang City, South Sumatera Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-68
Author(s):  
Hamdi Darmawan ◽  
Ermaya Suradinata ◽  
Rossy Lambelanova ◽  
Sampara Lukman
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Regulatory Reform ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Low Cost Housing ◽  
The City

As one of the oldest cities in Indonesia, Palembang City is included in the ranks of the most populated cities in Indonesia. It should pay attention to the social life of its people, especially in terms of place of residence and residence. Since the issuance of Law Number 1 of 2011 and Government Regulation Number 64 of 2016 concerning low-cost housing, it has not been running optimally. Therefore, researchers are interested in researching implementing low-cost housing policies in the city of Palembang. This research uses qualitative methods with observation techniques, in-depth interviews with informants supported by various related documents. This study uses the concept of wisdom, the process of implementing wisdom, the factors that influence the implementation of wisdom. The results of this study indicate that the performance of low-cost housing for the people in Palembang City has not been optimal due to various dominant factors, namely communication and conflicts of interest between agencies so that it requires a strategy by carrying out different incremental policies such as regulatory reform, increasing resources, forming public opinion, and cooperation. With private parties.

scholarly journals Menstrual hygiene in Ugandan schools: an investigation of low-cost sanitary pads

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracey Crofts ◽  
Julie Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene Management ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Sanitary Pads ◽  
Water Provision ◽  
Operation And Management

Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) is a largely overlooked issue in the water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) sector. Every day, millions of menstruating girls and women in low-income countries struggle to find clean water for washing, private places for changing and adequate blood absorbing materials. This study aims to explore the difficulties experienced by schoolgirls in Uganda in managing menstrual hygiene and investigates the extent to which low-cost sanitary pads are part of the solution. Low-cost sanitary pads, either re-usable or disposable, are a timely, simple and innovative means of improving menstrual hygiene and of addressing a broader set of problems related to MHM in schools. Other factors highlighted are: pain relief, education, safe water provision, clean and private latrines, hygienic and secure bathing facilities, use of soap, sealed waste disposal points, private drying places, anal cleansing materials and effective facility operation and management strategies.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Context of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Practices in Delta, Edo and Ekiti States, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley A. Garuba ◽  
Ezebunwa E. Nwokocha ◽  
Ediri Iruaga ◽  
Simeon S. Nyiakaa
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Population ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Hygiene Behavior ◽  
The People ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Active Mobilization ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Depth Interviews

Understanding issues related to Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) practices has become more critical in Nigerian communities in view of the increasing prevalence of diseases due to lack of safe water and poor hygiene behavior in the country. This cross-sectional exploratory survey employed intra-method triangulation to collect data through In-depth Interviews, Focus Group Discussions and Unobtrusive observation from purposively selected communities in Delta, Edo and Ekiti states. Findings reveal that communities are willing to pay for WASH services insofar as the payment will add value to their lives; the rate of community participation and performance in WASH activities is a function of active mobilization of the people and effective monitoring of WASH committee members. In view of the benefits of cleanliness for a healthy population, continuous education and sensitization of the people on WASH should be sustained in relevant communities.

URBAN DISPLACEMENT AND LOW-INCOME COMMUNITIES: THE CASE OF THE AMERICAN CITY FROM THE LATE TWENTIETH CENTURY

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 06 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Knight ◽  
Mohammad Gharipour
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Redevelopment ◽  
Minority Populations ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Cultural Connections ◽  
American Cities ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

How can urban redevelopment benefit existing low-income communities? The history of urban redevelopment is one of disruption of poor communities. Renewal historically offered benefits to the place while pushing out the people. In some cases, displacement is intentional, in others it is unintentional. Often, it is the byproduct of the quest for profits. Regardless of motives, traditional communities, defined by cultural connections, are often disrupted. Disadvantaged neighborhoods include vacant units, which diminish the community and hold back investment. In the postwar period, American cities entered into a program of urban renewal. While this program cleared blight, it also drove displacement among the cities’ poorest and was particularly hard on minority populations clustered in downtown slums. The consequences of these decisions continue to play out today. Concentration of poverty is increasing and American cities are becoming more segregated. As neighborhoods improve, poorer residents are uprooted and forced into even more distressed conditions, elsewhere. This paper examines the history of events impacting urban communities. It further reviews the successes and failures of efforts to benefit low-income communities.

Penerapan Weighted Sum Model (WSM) Dalam Penentuan Peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Masyarakat

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Mesran Mesran ◽  
Suginam Suginam ◽  
Surya Darma Nasution ◽  
Andsyah Putera Utama Siahaan
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Weighted Sum ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
The People ◽  
Community Health Insurance ◽  
The Government ◽  
Simple Additive Weighting

Community Health Insurance is one of the government programs for the people of Indonesia in obtaining treatment services at Puskesmas. The program is very helpful for people who are low income and live below the poverty line. Indicators for the government in providing this service consists of 10 (ten) criteria that are House Ownership Status, Floor Area per Household Member, Type of Floor of House, Type of Wall House, Lighting House Used, Fuel Used, Frequency Of Eating In A Day, Ability Buy meat/chicken/milk in a week, Employment of head of household, Education of head of household. In the application, of course, has constraints in deciding who the participants who get the Jamkesmas service. With the application of one of Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) able to overcome obstacles faced by government. Some methods of MCDM such as Simple Additive Weighting(SAW), Weighted Product(WP), Weighted Sum Model(WSM) can solve this problem. By applying the WSM is relatively easy and fast, is believed to be able to get the best results.

scholarly journals Normative Aspects of Nudging in the International Sphere

AJIL Unbound ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 263-267
Author(s):  
Doron Teichman ◽  
Eyal Zamir
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
National Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Posthumous Organ Donation ◽  
Regulatory Problems

The use of nudges—“low-cost, choice-preserving, behaviorally informed approaches to regulatory problems”—has become quite popular at the national level in the past decade or so. Examples include changing the default concerning employees’ saving for retirement in a bid to encourage such saving; altering the default about consent to posthumous organ donation to increase the supply of organs for transplantation; and informing people about other people's energy consumption to spur them to reduce theirs. Nudges are therefore used to promote the welfare of the people being nudged, and of society at large. However, the use of nudges has sparked a lively normative debate. When turning to the international arena, new arguments for and against nudges can be raised. This essay focuses on the normative aspects of using nudges in the international arena.

scholarly journals COVID-19 pandemic: Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) as a critical control measure remains a major challenge in low-income countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 191 ◽  
pp. 116793
Author(s):  
Oscar Omondi Donde ◽  
Evans Atoni ◽  
Anastasia Wairimu Muia ◽  
Paul T. Yillia
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene

scholarly journals 662 PAP Therapy: A Review of Resources for the Uninsured during COVID-19

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A259-A259
Author(s):  
Melissa Malinky ◽  
Abigail Oberla ◽  
Meena Khan ◽  
M Melanie Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Web Search ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wait Time ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
United States Census ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Available Resources

Abstract Introduction In 2019, the United States Census estimated 8% (26.1 million) people were without health insurance. Further, an estimated 3.5 million people became/remained uninsured from COVID-19-related job losses. Patients with OSA that belong to a lower socioeconomic status (SES) are less likely to have access to healthcare and may be under or uninsured. Untreated OSA can lead to increased risk of symptoms and associated co-morbidities. Resources to help the uninsured to obtain PAP therapy were available pre-COVID, including two main sources, American Sleep Apnea Association (ASAA) and our local branch serving central Ohio, The Breathing Association. However, the COVID pandemic limited access or closed these programs. Our Sleep Medicine clinics saw 148 uninsured OSA patients between March-December, 2020. Given these difficulties, we re-evaluated available resources for the uninsured. Methods We conducted a search for current low cost ($100 or less) PAP therapy options for the uninsured, March 15, 2020-December 3, 2020, by: (1) contacting pre-COVID-19 resources, including Durable Medical Equipment (DME) providers, (2) consulting social work, and (3) completing a librarian assisted web-search not limited to PubMed, Embase, CINAHL for academic related articles and electronic searches using a combination of English complete word and common keywords: OSA, PAP, uninsured, no insurance, cheap, medically uninsured, resources, self-pay, low-income, financial assistance, US. Resources such as private sellers were not investigated. Results During COVID-19, assistance for PAP machines/supplies have closed or required a protracted wait-time. Options including refurbished items range from low, one-time fixed cost or income-based discounts from: one local charity (Joint Organization for Inner-City Needs) and DME (Dasco), and four national entities (ASAA, Second Wind CPAP, Reggie White Foundation, CPAP Liquidators). An Electronic Health Record-based tool was developed and distributed to increase provider awareness of pandemic available resources. Conclusion Untreated OSA is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular co-morbidities. Access and cost may limit treatment in OSA patients from a lower SES. The COVID-19 pandemic has shuttered programs providing discount PAP and supplies, leaving fewer resources for these patients, thus further widening this health care disparity. Alternatives are needed and current resources are not easily accessible for providers and patients. Support (if any):

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document