Effect of Drawdown on Ammonium and Iron Concentrations in a Coastal Mountain Reservoir

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Perrin ◽  
K.I. Ashley ◽  
G.A. Larkin
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Dissolved Iron ◽  
Particulate Iron ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Water District ◽  
Coastal Mountain ◽  
Iron Concentrations

Abstract Part way through a year-long water quality field survey, the Capilano Reservoir, located in the Greater Vancouver Water District, was drawn down to accommodate earthquake reinforcement work on the Cleveland Dam. This paper reports observations of the effect of drawdown on water quality in the reservoir, in the context of the original study. The drawdown exposed a large zone of deltaic material through which the Capilano River eroded a path up to 2.5 m deep. The deltaic material contained substantial amounts of nitrogen and iron (TKN, 4,470 mg kg-1; total iron, 21,800 mg kg-1). During drawdown, turbidity in the reservoir increased up to 25 times as compared to prior conditions. Ammonium (NH4+-N) and dissolved and particulate iron concentrations in the drawdown zone were up to two orders of magnitude higher than concentrations upstream. Both NH4+-N and dissolved iron were observed to travel the length of the reservoir. Persistence of NH4+-N in the highly oxygenated conditions may be explained by the presence of factors that inhibit nitrification. Persistence of NH4+-N and particularly dissolved iron may be due to adsorption and com-plexation reactions. Seasonally high concentrations of iron and ammonium at the water intake corresponded to the timing of complaints of taste, odour, turbid water, and staining in the distribution system. Observations made during this extreme drawdown suggest that transport of N and Fe from exposed deltaic sediments may play a role in the periodic increases in ammonium and iron observed in the Capilano Reservoir. Further understanding of the impacts associated with changing reservoir elevation should lead to the development of appropriate management strategies to maintain the high quality of GVWD water.

Problems Associated with Particulate Matter in Water Reuse for Agricultural Irrigation and Their Prevention

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 185-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Adin
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Surface Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Systems

Methods of irrigation are reviewed, including surface irrigation, sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation, and the problems of these systems with regard to the quality of the water used are described. Surface irrigation does not suffer much from water quality problems, but both sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation systems are more affected, the main problem being clogging of pumps, pipes and orifices. Clogging is usually due to a combination of suspended matter, chemical precipitation and biological growth. Current solutions through water treatment, and associated problems with this, are described, with examples given of typical strainers and filters. The key to the solution of clogging problems is a proper match between water quality of the source and within the distribution system, and the type ot treatment to be used, therefore, proper water quality monitoring is recommended. Direct granular filtration is the most preferaDle treatment process for drip irrigation systems.

scholarly journals Assessment of Surface Water Quality of Noyyal River Using Wasp Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
G. Mahalakshm .
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Environmental Management ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Water Quality Simulation ◽  
Environmental Management Strategies ◽  
Water Environmental Management

The Noyyal River is a tributary of river Cauvery has been one of the most predominant and important rivers of Tamil Nadu. Unfortunately, certain stretches of river Noyyal are polluted due to effluent discharge from the industries and domestic sewage. The effective water environmental management strategies required to be implemented in this river to upgrade the water quality and to ensure sustainable development in the region. The aim of this work was to provide a basis for water environmental management in process of making important decisions. In this study WASP (Water Quality Simulation Program) is used as a model to identify the processes that underlie river water quality problems in a basin. WASP was recommended by EPA used as water quality model. Simulated values of Nitrate (NO3), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Alkalinity and pH demonstrated the accuracy of the model and despite a significant data shortage in the study area. WASP model was found to be an acceptable tool for the assessment of water quality.

scholarly journals Changes of water quality in the Łutownia and Perebel rivers in the Białowieża Primeval Forest

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Janek
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Primeval Forest ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Białowieża Primeval Forest

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine changes in water quality, including chemistry of outflow from two rivers: Łutownia and Perebel located in the Białowieża Primeval Forest. Water chemistry was investigated once in every three months in the years 2011-2014. Catchments differed in forest cover and habitat types. The results of the analysis of river waters were compared with the limit values for each class of water quality as settled by the legal standards. It was found that the quality of the water in rivers declined due to high concentrations of carbon and nitrogen organic forms. In general, there was observed a decrease of the concentration of organic nitrogen and an increase of the concentration of mineral nitrogen, especially in the Perebel catchment area.

THE QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER IN SIGHETU MARMAŢIEI, MARAMUREŞ, ROMANIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Valeria Mirela Brezoczki ◽  
◽  
Gabriela Maria Filip ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Quality Control ◽  
Baia Mare ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution

This paper presents the analysis of the quality indicator of a subterranean raw water source, captured in Crăciunesti, Sighetu Marmatiei, followed by the description of the technological flow of capturing and chlorinating water with the aim of making it drinkable, and the analysis of the obtained values of the physical, chemical and bacteriological indicators. The period within which water quality was monitored for this paper covers four months (December 2016, March, April and May 2017). Within this period the analyses regarding water quality control were carried out by the laboratory of the Water Treatment Baia Mare. The analysis of the obtained results highlighted a series of problems regarding the existence of certain indicators/parameters with values above the legally admissible threshold with regard to water quality. The manganese found in raw water exceeds the admissible threshold by 160%, in December 2016, and by 120% in March 2017, but it is within limits during the months of April and May. The occurrence of colonies developed at 37 °C and 22°C in the raw water requires chemical treatment of the raw water aimed at disinfecting it. The parameters of drinking water correspond to the values admissible through the laws in force, the water being distributed to the consumers through the Drinking water distribution system in Sighetu Marmatiei.

Water security for subjective wellbeing: new perspectives for sustainable development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Roder ◽  
Saroj Kumar Chapagain ◽  
Paul Hudson ◽  
Geetha Mohan ◽  
Kensuke Fukushi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Subjective Wellbeing ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
The Future

<p>The notion of sustainable development in the current policy environment is inescapable from the concept of human wellbeing, as linked to the civic, political, economic, and natural environments people live in. However, the latter has been quite often overlooked in the scientific discussion, whereas nature’s ability to support and expand human capabilities and activities is essential for sustainable development. In this context, water is a crucial resource and has an immeasurable value in both economic and non-economic roles, with a deep spiritual significance in many cultures as well. However, access to clean water to meet basic needs is precluded in many countries in the world. This inaccessibility puts entire communities in jeopardy, thus impacting their happiness and sustainable living and development. A large proportion of the Nepalese society is bereft of access to adequate and safe drinking water, challenging the availability of this scares resource and its management in the future.</p><p>For this reason, we are undertaking 650 face-to-face interviews to understand peoples’ subjective wellbeing related to water in Pokhara metropolitans city, the second-largest city of Nepal. Preliminary results from the pre-test (n=50) demonstrated a modest sense of place and happiness overall but was impacted by the perceived unsatisfactory water quality. People strongly expressed a desire for new political commitment towards the creation of new regulatory approaches concerning water quality standards and management strategies. The pre-test respondents validated their support for increasing the quality of the water environment in the local water supply system by offering to pay an extra surcharge (in taxes or water bills), which is up to the double of their current expenses. These partial results suggest that the good quality of water is essential for the future urban planning in the form of increase people health and secure a sustainable development for future generations to come.</p>

scholarly journals The effect of the mixing of water from different sources in the water supply system on tap water quality – a full-scale technical investigation case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-312
Author(s):  
A. Szuster-Janiaczyk ◽  
J. Bylka
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Tap Water Quality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract The paper presents a detailed analysis of the quality of water pumped into a network and sampled from 39 monitoring points located on the network. A difference in the quality of water sampled from two different sources was demonstrated, as well as the impact of the mixing of the two waters in the water distribution system (WDS) on tap water quality. A mathematical model was used to identify the zones of water mixing and the areas of unfavourable hydraulic conditions (low flow rates and long retention times).

Organic characterisation tools for distribution system management

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. K. Chow ◽  
Philipp Kuntke ◽  
Rolando Fabris ◽  
Mary Drikas
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Treated Drinking Water

In this investigation, high-performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) was used to characterise organic matter in treated drinking water at key sampling locations along two selected distribution systems (chlorinated and chloraminated). Other water quality parameters such as colour, UV254, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and assimilable organic carbon (AOC) as measured by bacterial regrowth potential (BRP), were also determined. One of the aims of this work was to develop new tools to monitor organic character change along the distribution system in order to identify impacting factors and develop management strategies based on water quality change. This study used samples from two contrasting distribution systems with different disinfection regimes and organic characteristics together with samples generated from laboratory simulations. System 1 is a chlorinated distribution system and generally requires elevated chlorine dosage to meet the demand due to the high DOC level. System 2 is a chloraminated system with stable water quality, low DOC and low chloramine dose (mild oxidation). Molecular size distribution determination using HPSEC is a very informative technique in assessing treatment processes and in this study the appearance of a molecular peak at 1,700 Da that can be used as an indicator of biological activity in distribution systems was confirmed. The use of BRP values, for upstream and downstream samples in the distribution system, was found to be a good approach to assess biological impacts on water stability. The observed biological impact from the biofilms between the studied systems were particularly useful in confirming the organic characterisation results.

scholarly journals Spatial-temporal variation and modeling of rainwater quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e45810313598
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Kennedy da Costa Teixeira ◽  
Letícia Gabriela Andrade Policarpo ◽  
Suely Riciati da Silva ◽  
Eliane Prado Cunha Costa dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
The Subject ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Rainwater Quality

Rainwater harvesting (RWH) is an alternative to the problem of water scarcity. However, its quality must be analyzed before its use, so that it does not represent any danger to the consumer. Thus, the objective of this paper was to analyze the spatial-temporal variation of water quality of rainwater in two cities and observe whether its parameters meet the norm related to the subject. In addition, the concentration of total suspended solids (TSS) that flow into the drainage system was also simulated. Rainwater samples were collected at several points in Congonhas and Ouro Branco - MG, over a period of two years. The results showed that there was spatial-temporal variation in water quality. There were points where the quality met the standard in some moments and did not meet in others, due to its temporal variation. It was also observed that the catchment surface influenced the quality of rainwater, so that the water that came into contact with the roof had its quality deteriorated, at first. However, throughout the rainy event, the quality improved, but at certain times, it was not enough to meet the standard. The rainwater quality simulation, carried out at SWMM, showed high concentrations of TSS, which were higher to that allowed for launching into receiving bodies.

scholarly journals Impact of coal mining on water quality of three artificial lakes in Morozini River Basin (Treviso, Santa Catarina State, Brazil)

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Moschini-Carlos ◽  
Marcelo Luiz Martins Pompêo ◽  
Felipe de Lucia Lobo ◽  
Sergio Tadeu Meirelles
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Coal Mining Area ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Santa Catarina State

AIM: To assess water quality of three lakes located in an abandoned coal mining area, in the Morozini River basin (Treviso, Santa Catarina State, Brazil). METHODS: The study sites were three lakes mining pits flooded after deactivation, near the drainage basin of the Morozini River (Treviso City, Santa Catarina State, Brazil). Samplings were carried out in profile in the limnetic region during two seasons (Summer in February and Winter in July). RESULTS: In general, the three lakes showed high concentrations of SO4-2, Mg, Fe, Al, Ca, Ba, Si, Zn, Ni, Na, K, Sr, B, Cd, Cr, Pb and Cu. CONCLUSIONS: Coal mining activity and waste disposal practices adopted by the mining companies in the Morozini River basin have drastically affected the water quality of the examined lakes and made them inappropriate for diverse human uses, such as leisure, swimming and fishing.

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