Assessment of the spatial–temporal variations on the water quality of stagnant Haihe River, Tianjin, North China

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1103-1116
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Zhang ◽  
Ling Xiao ◽  
Min Ji ◽  
Can Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Haihe River ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

Abstract Spatial–temporal variations in 13 selected water quality parameters from four stations located in the stagnant Haihe River from 2012 to 2014 were analysed. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were applied. The main latent anthropogenic factors affecting the water quality of Sanchakou, Sixin Bridge, Liulin, and Erdao Gate were combined sewer overflow, organic matter, domestic sewage, and agricultural diffuse source, respectively. External inputs mainly affected quality water in the summer–autumn season. By contrast, intrinsic biochemical processes were highly correlated with water quality in the winter–spring season. Ranges of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) of four sampling sites measured 1.2 mg/L to 11.4 mg/L and 0.04 mg/L to 2.06 mg/L, respectively. TN/TP (mass ratio) was mainly between 9 and 23, indicating severely eutrophicated mainstream of the Haihe River and sufficient amounts of nutrients for phytoplankton growth and reproduction. Hence, dual nutrients control strategies should be implemented in this stagnant urban river.

scholarly journals Environmental factors affecting coffee (Coffea arabica L., Var. Castillo) quality in Colombia Southern

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Patricia Criollo-Velásquez ◽  
Johana Alixa Muñoz-Belalcazar ◽  
Tulio César Lagos-Burbano
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Thermal Amplitude ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Soil Climate ◽  
Cup Quality

The determinant factors of coffee cup quality are highly variable and depend on their interaction with coffee production and benefit. This study aimed to analyze soil and climatic factors and their association with the cup quality of Castillo coffee variety of three to five years of age from production units in ecotypes 220A and 221A of the Department of Nariño. The study farms were located in three different altitudinal ranges: ≤1500 m, between 1501 and 1700 m, and >1700 m. Soil, climate, and coffee cup quality variables were analyzed through principal component analysis and cluster analysis. A low level of association was found between climatic and soil nutritional factors and coffee cup quality. Soil Mn, Fe, and Cu contents showed the highest association levels with cup quality, indicated by an average score of 80.89. The highest values of photosynthetically active radiation -PAR- and thermal amplitude were found in La Unión - Nariño, and these variables were associated with the group that obtained the highest cup quality score (82.58). Cup quality was not associated with elevation since the highest scores (85.5 and 82.33) were obtained from production units located at ≤1500 m.a.s.l. and >1700 m.a.s.l, respectively.

scholarly journals Groundwater quality assessment of Shahdadkot, Qubo Saeed Khan and Sijawal Junejo Talukas of District Qambar Shahdadkot, Sindh

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Farooque Lanjwani ◽  
Muhammad Yar Khuhawar ◽  
Taj Muhammad Jahangir Khuhawar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
World Health ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractThe study examines the water quality of Shahdadkot, Qubo Saeed Khan and Sijawal Junejo talukas of Qambar Shahdadkot District, less affected by industrial contamination. A total of 38 groundwater samples were collected and analysed for 28 parameters. The results indicated that 57.89% samples were not suitable for drinking purpose with total dissolved solids above than maximum permissible limit of World Health Organization (WHO) (1000 mg/L). The pH, total phosphate, orthophosphate and nitrite were within WHO limits. The concentration of essential metals more than half samples, fluoride in 60.52% and heavy metals 0–50% were contaminated higher than permissible limits of WHO. The statistical analysis of water quality parameters was also carried out to evaluate coefficient of determination among the parameters, cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Water quality determined for irrigation based on Kelly index (KI), sodium percentage (Na%), chloride–sulphate ratio, sodium adsorption ratio, permeability index (PI), chloroalkaline indices 1 (CAI-1), residual sodium carbonate and chloride bicarbonate ratio indicated that samples (55 to 100%) could be used for irrigation purposes. The consumption of water with high concentration of salts and fluoride above the permissible limits may be a cause of a number of diseases in the area.

THE INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE CROP AND QUALITY OF FIBER FLAX

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (86) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
V.G. Chernikov ◽  
◽  
R.A. Rostovtsev ◽  
N.A. Kudryavtsev ◽  
I.V. Uschapovsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Fiber Flax ◽  
Yield And Quality

The formation of fiber flax yield and quality parameters depends on many soil-climatic, breedinggenetic, as well as anthropogenic factors. The quality of flax fiber is a combination of a number of features and properties that depend on the varietal characteristics of plants, the conditions of their cultivation, technologies for harvesting and straw retting, as well as on the processing modes of raw materials. During plant vegetation (90-130 days) many factors such as soil conditions (pH 4.8-5.5, humus 1.8-2.5%, P2O5 and K2O – 150-200 and 100-200 mg/kg, respectively) and the area of plant nutrition (15-30 million seeds/ha), temperature regime (the sum of active temperatures 1000-1800ºC), water supplying (400-430 units of water mass to create 1 unit of dry matter) and insolation (the arrival of FAR during the growing season 20-25 kcal / cm²), contamination of weeds (more than 60 annual and perennial species) and pests (more than 200 types of fungal, bacterial and viral diseases), features of phytosanitary measures (more than 50 chemicals) and agrotechnologic manners (Federal Register of technologies for the production of crop products) have a great influence on the quality of flax raw materials and can be a limit factor. Environmentally hazardous pollution of air, water and soil - the main components for the production of fiber flax – strongly affects the yield and quality of flax products. The development of waste-free environmentally friendly technologies for the cultivation, harvesting and processing of flax is an urgent task of scientific support of the industry. The main environmental factors affecting the yield and quality of fiber flax are discussed in the article.

Assessment of Water Quality Parameters on Uzuncayır Dam Lake Using Principal Component and Cluster Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Banu KUTLU ◽  
Azime KÜÇÜKGÜL ◽  
Osman SERDAR ◽  
Rahmi AYDIN ◽  
Durali DANABAŞ
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

scholarly journals Anthropogenic and catchment characteristic signatures in the water quality of Swiss rivers: a quantitative assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1885-1904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Botter ◽  
Paolo Burlando ◽  
Simone Fatichi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Catchment Characteristics

Abstract. The hydrological and biogeochemical response of rivers carries information about solute sources, pathways, and transformations in the catchment. We investigate long-term water quality data of 11 Swiss catchments with the objective to discern the influence of major catchment characteristics and anthropic activities on delivery of solutes in stream water. Magnitude, trends, and seasonality of water quality samplings of different solutes are evaluated and compared across catchments. Subsequently, the empirical dependence between concentration and discharge is used to classify the solute behaviors. While the anthropogenic impacts are clearly detectable in the concentration of certain solutes (i.e., Na+, Cl−, NO3, DRP), the influence of single catchment characteristics such as geology (e.g., on Ca2+ and H4SiO4), topography (e.g., on DOC, TOC, and TP), and size (e.g., on DOC and TOC) is only sometimes visible, which is also because of the limited sample size and the spatial heterogeneity within catchments. Solute variability in time is generally smaller than discharge variability and the most significant trends in time are due to temporal variations of anthropogenic rather than natural forcing. The majority of solutes show dilution with increasing discharge, especially geogenic species, while sediment-bonded solutes (e.g., total phosphorous and organic carbon species) show higher concentrations with increasing discharge. Both natural and anthropogenic factors affect the biogeochemical response of streams, and, while the majority of solutes show identifiable behaviors in individual catchments, only a minority of behaviors can be generalized across the 11 catchments that exhibit different natural, climatic, and anthropogenic features.

scholarly journals Statistical Assessment of Water Quality Parameters for Pollution Source Identification in Sukhnag Stream: An Inflow Stream of Lake Wular (Ramsar Site), Kashmir Himalaya

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salim Aijaz Bhat ◽  
Gowhar Meraj ◽  
Sayar Yaseen ◽  
Ashok K. Pandit
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Accumulation Factor ◽  
Kashmir Himalaya ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Maximum Similarity

The precursors of deterioration of immaculate Kashmir Himalaya water bodies are apparent. This study statistically analyzes the deteriorating water quality of the Sukhnag stream, one of the major inflow stream of Lake Wular. Statistical techniques, such as principal component analysis (PCA), regression analysis, and cluster analysis, were applied to 26 water quality parameters. PCA identified a reduced number of mean 2 varifactors, indicating that 96% of temporal and spatial changes affect the water quality in this stream. First factor from factor analysis explained 66% of the total variance between velocity, total-P, NO3–N, Ca2+, Na+, TS, TSS, and TDS. Bray-Curtis cluster analysis showed a similarity of 96% between sites IV and V and 94% between sites II and III. The dendrogram of seasonal similarity showed a maximum similarity of 97% between spring and autumn and 82% between winter and summer clusters. For nitrate, nitrite, and chloride, the trend in accumulation factor (AF) showed that the downstream concentrations were about 2.0, 2.0, and 2.9, times respectively, greater than upstream concentrations.

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Quality for Aquaculture in Hau River, Mekong Delta, Vietnam Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3307
Author(s):  
Fridah Gacheri Mutea ◽  
Howard Kasigwa Nelson ◽  
Hoa Van Au ◽  
Truong Giang Huynh ◽  
Ut Ngoc Vu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Accumulation Factor ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Aquaculture Production

The deterioration signs of water quality in the Hau River are apparent. The present study analyzed the surface water quality of the Hau River using multivariate statistical techniques, including principal component analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA). Eleven water quality parameters were analyzed at 19 different sites in An Giang and Can Tho Provinces for 12 months from January to December 2019. The findings show high levels of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Soluble Solids (TSS), and total coliform, all year round. The PCA revealed that all the water quality parameters influenced the water quality of the Hau River, hence the relevance for water sample scrutiny. The dendrogram of similarity between sampling sites showed a maximum similarity of 95.6%. The Accumulation Factor (AF) trend showed that the concentrations/values of TSS, BOD, and phosphate (PO43−) in the downstream were 1.29, 1.53, and 1.52 times, respectively, greater than the upstream levels. Despite most of the parameters analyzed supporting aquaculture production, caution is needed in the regulation of pollution point sources to undertake sustainable aquaculture production.

scholarly journals Assessment of the water quality in a large reservoir in semiarid region of Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando B. Lopes ◽  
Eunice M. de Andrade ◽  
Ana C. M. Meireles ◽  
Helena Becker ◽  
Adriana A. Batista
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Large Reservoir ◽  
Total Ammonia ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Major Factors

The aim of this study was to identify spatial and temporal variations in water quality of Orós reservoir, Ceará, Brazil, as well as the sources of contamination. To get this information the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA) was used. Water samples were collected at seven (geo-referenced) points, from April 2008 to March 2011, totalling 4,032 samples. The following attributes of the waters were analysed: temperature, pH, CE, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl-, HCO3-, SO4--, turbidity, colour, Sechi transparency, TS, TVS, TFS, TSS, VSS, FSS, TDS, DO, BO5D, total phosphorus, soluble orthophosphate, EC, TTC, total ammonia, TKN, nitrate, SAR and chlorophyll-a. The PCA promoted the reduction from the 32 initial variables to 14, accounting for 84.39% of the total variance. The major factors responsible for water quality composition are: the natural weathering of geological soil components; the entrainment of suspended solids through surface runoff from agricultural areas; and anthropogenic action in the Upper Jaguaribe basin in Ceará. The similarity of the water of the Orós reservoir allows a reduction in the number of sampling points, which may result in significant cost savings without sacrificing the water quality monitoring. The similarity of the waters was influenced by anthropic activities being carried out near the reservoir and all along the watershed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Water Quality of Kaveri River in Tiruchirappalli District, Tamil Nadu by Principal Component Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monikandon Sukumaran ◽  
Kesavan Devarayan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Linear Relationships

Principal component analysis is a unique technique for reducing the dimensionality of the data. In this study, ten water quality parameters of the river Kaveri observed at five different stations of Tiruchirappalli for six years were collected and subjected to principal component analysis. A computational program was prepared in order to process and understand the data as a cluster. At first necessary data for compiling the program were listed and then fed to the program. Then the outputs were analyzed and possible linear and non-linear relationships between the water quality parameters and the timeline. It is understood that biological oxygen demand and fecal coli had a linear relationship. Further, the results suggested for group of factors that influence the water quality in a particular year.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal variations in physicochemical water quality parameters of Lake Bunyonyi, Southwestern Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Saturday ◽  
Thomas J. Lyimo ◽  
John Machiwa ◽  
Siajali Pamba
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Secchi Depth ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
World Health ◽  
National Bureau

AbstractThe current study was carried out to examine the spatial and temporal variations of physicochemical water quality parameters of Lake Bunyonyi. The observations were made on the surface water of Lake Bunyonyi for 1 year to determine the water quality. The basic 12 variables used to determine the quality of water were measured monthly at nine stations. Water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), turbidity, electric conductivity (EC), pH and Secchi depth (SD) were measured in the field, while parameters like total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), nitrite-nitrogen (NO2-N), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) were determined following APHA 2017 standard guidelines for physicochemical analysis. Taking into account standard guidelines for drinking water by the Uganda National Bureau of Standards (UNBS) and the World Health Organization (WHO), the water quality index (WQI) was used to determine the water quality. Temperature, DO, pH, turbidity and EC did not differ significantly among the study stations (p > 0.05) but showed significant temporal variations among the study months (p < 0.05). Likewise, TN, TP, NO2-N, NO3-N and SRP did not differ significantly among the study stations (p > 0.05) but showed significant temporal variations among the study months (p < 0.05). The WQI values ranged from 28.36 to 49 across and from 28.2 to 56.2 between study months with an overall mean value of 36.9. The measured water quality variables did not exceed the UNBS and WHO standards for drinking water in all months and at all stations. According to these values, the water quality of Lake Bunyonyi generally belongs to the ‘good’ class in terms of drinking water quality based on the WQI classification. The study findings are fundamentally important for policy makers in setting guidelines for effective lake management.

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