The effects of wastewater irrigation on groundwater quality in Mexico

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gallegos ◽  
A. Warren ◽  
E. Robles ◽  
E. Campoy ◽  
A. Calderon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Wastewater Irrigation ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Faecal Bacteria

The main aim of this research was to determine the environmental effects of wastewater irrigation on the subsurface at two locations in Mexico; Leon and the Mezquital Valley. Freshly-drilled subsurface sediment samples (both sites) and groundwater samples (Mezquital Valley) were taken at various depths. These were analysed for a range of physico-chemical and microbiological parameters using standard methods. Elevated concentrations of faecal and total coliforms were recorded at both sites indicating that faecal bacteria had been transported through the subsurface. The level of subsurface contamination was affected by both spatial and temporal factors with higher coliform concentrations occurring at shallower depths (<10 m below the surface) and at the top of the water table, and during the wet season. Elevated nitrate concentrations were found in all of the Mezquital Valley groundwaters. Thus, wastewater irrigation appears to have had a negative impact on groundwater quality. In order to mitigate this, treatment of wastewater prior to irrigation and careful irrigation management is recommended. The potential effects of groundwater degradation on public health, and the need for guidelines to protect groundwater quality, are discussed.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Nutrients in the Leachate and the Groundwater Quality for Drinking and Farming around the Nkolfoulou Landfill in Yaoundé, Cameroon

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Gilbert Feuyit ◽  
John Ngolui Lambi ◽  
Estella Njoyim-Tamungang ◽  
Samuel Laminsi
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Cancer Risks ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Standard Set ◽  
Effluent Discharge ◽  
Pollute Groundwater

This study focuses on the assessment of the nutrients in the leachate and the groundwater quality around the Nkolfoulou landfill in Yaoundé known in French as “Centre de Traitement de Déchets (CTD).” Landfilling generates leachate that can pollute groundwater. Leachate along with groundwater samples (n=1+13) was collected in January (long dry season) and May (long wet season) 2014 and explored for various parameters including pH, temperature, EC, turbidity, TDS, TA, TSS, TH, BOD5, COD, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, NH4+, NO3−, Cl−, F−, SO42−, PO43−, HCO3−, and colour using standard methods. In the leachate samples, values of TSS (700.2 and 130.2 mg/L), BOD5 (140 mg/L), COD (1350 and 1750 mg/L), NH4+ (82.50 and 39.51 mg/L), NO3− (159.32 and 74.82 mg/L), and Cl− (702.69 and 345.50 mg/L) exceeded the Cameroonian standards for effluent discharge. All the values of pH and some values of turbidity (4.55 and 4.50 NTU) and NH4+ (0.51 and 0.73 mg/L) in the groundwater samples violated the Cameroonian standards for drinking water. Based on the water quality index (WQI), an average of 11.53% of groundwater samples was improper for drinking in both seasons. Based on the parameters assessed, all the samples complied with the standard set for irrigation, poultry, and livestock. The hazard quotient (HQ) and the hazard index (HI) of NO3− and F− for children and adults were <1, and hence, the increased non-cancer risks due to these ions through the drinking of groundwater was low. From the statistical analysis, the Nkolfoulou landfill may not be the main source of major ions to the nearby groundwater.

scholarly journals Surveillance of Groundwater Quality Using Geographical Information System in Kannur District, India

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thangavelu Arumugam ◽  
Praveen Krishna ◽  
Sapna K
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Gis Technique ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Groundwater is an important role of the environment in natural resources. The major sources of groundwater contamination in this study were open discharges of domestic sewage, inadequate sewerage system, open defecation, septic tanks, soak pits, contaminated water pools, unorganized solid waste dumping and use of fertilizers, pesticides for agriculture deteriorated the condition. In this present study revealed that the physical and chemical characteristics of ground water in different areas of Kannur district in Kerala have been determined different seasons with respect to its suitability for drinking and agricultural purposes. For this study the groundwater samples were collected during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons from 70 wells representing the entire the study area. The groundwater samples were analyzed for Physico-chemical characteristics using standard techniques in laboratory and compared with standards. The samples were analyzed with reference to the WHO and BIS standards. The groundwater quality information of the entire study area have been prepared using statistical and GIS technique for all the parameters. This paper proved in GIS will be helpful for measuring, monitoring and managing the groundwater pollution in the study area and suggested to protect groundwater resources in the environment.

scholarly journals Assessment of Major Sources Controlling Groundwater Chemistry in Kombolcha Plain, Eastern Amhara Region, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-42
Author(s):  
Berihu Abadi Berhe ◽  
Fethangest Woldemariyam Tesema ◽  
Gebreslassie Mebrahtu
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Groundwater Chemistry ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Amhara Region ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Base Exchange ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
The Impact

The study area, Kombolcha town, forms an important industrial town situated in the Eastern Amhara region, Ethiopia. The geology of the area is mainly composed of basalts, rhyolitic ignimbrites, and Quaternary sediments. Hydrogeochemistry and the source of ions in the groundwater of the study area are poorly understood. Therefore, the current study aims to assess the factors and the different hydrochemical processes significantly controlling groundwater quality, source, and chemistry. For this purpose, a total of eighteen groundwater samples were collected using 250 ml sampling bottles at selected points in the dry season (May 2017) and wet season (November 2017). Gibbs diagram, correlation analysis, scatter plots of ionic molar ratio relations, saturation index values (estimated using PHREEQC Interactive 2.8) were used to decipher the hydrogeochemical process. Gibbs diagram shows that the rock-water interaction process is the predominant, Na+/Cl- and Ca2+/Mg2+ molar ratio value of all groundwater samples in both seasons reveals that the groundwater chemistry of the area is controlled by silicate minerals weathering. The strong correlation of Ca2+ with Mg2+ in the dry season, and Ca2+ with HCO3- and Na+ with HCO3- in the wet season could also be an indication of silicate weathering and ion exchange processes. The impact of anthropogenic practices on groundwater chemistry is also seen from the strong correlation of Ca2+ with Cl-, NO3-, PO43- and F-, NO2- with K+, Mg2+, and PO43- , PO43- with F- , and NO3- with Na+, Cl-, HCO3- . The negative values of chloro-alkaline indices in both seasons indicate base-exchange reaction where an indirect exchange of Ca2+ and Mg2+ of the water with Na+ and K+ of the host rock occurs. Saturation indices results for the wet season show that the groundwater is under-saturated with respect to calcite, aragonite, dolomite, gypsum, and anhydrite. In the dry season, however, some of the waters are oversaturated with respect to calcite and aragonite. To sum up, the groundwater quality of the study area is controlled by geological processes and anthropogenic effects.

Assessment of groundwater quality in the Seraidi region (north-east of Algeria) using NSF-WQI

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1132-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawel Benouara ◽  
Abdelaziz Laraba ◽  
Lamia Hachemi Rachedi
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Groundwater Samples

Scarcity of water, pollution load, political issues and rising population have drawn great attention for proper management of water resources such as groundwater in the 21st century. The evaluation of groundwater quality is a critical element in the assessment of water resources. The quality/potability of water that is consumed defines the baseline of protection against many diseases and infections. The present study aims to calculate the water quality index (WQI) by the analysis of seven physico-chemical parameters according to the National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) to assess the suitability of water for drinking, irrigation purposes and other human uses. In the present investigation, ten groundwater samples were collected from various parts of Seraidi municipality area located in the north-east of Algeria, Physico-chemical parameters such as pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, phosphates, nitrates, turbidity and fecal coliforms were analyzed. The overall WQI values for all the samples were found to be in the range of 68–86, which reveals the fact that the quality of all the samples is only medium to good and could be used for drinking and other domestic uses only after proper treatment.

scholarly journals Assessment of groundwater quality in Bhavani region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
PERUMAL KARTHIKEYAN ◽  
Jabar Abdul Bari ◽  
Vennila G
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Weighted Interpolation ◽  
Distance Method ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Inverse Distance ◽  
Spatial Distribution Map

This work deals with the spatial distribution of groundwater quality parameters and their interrelationship in Bhavani Taluk, Erode District, Tami Nadu, India. The present study deals with the suitability of groundwater quality for drinking purpose in Bhavani Taluk, Erode District, India and to determine the spatial distribution groundwater quality parameters by using ArcGIS. The groundwater samples of 53 wells from the study region are collected and are tested in the laboratory to determine the physico-chemical parameters and the obtained results determined the suitability of groundwater for drinking purposes by comparing with WHO standards. From the result, groundwater quality zones were identified as Good (423.10 sq.km), Moderate (155.70 sq.km) and Poor zones (63.18 sq.km) by inverse distance method weighted interpolation techniques from the spatial distribution map using ArcGIS. The study indicates that about half of the groundwater is not suitable for drinking due to by the excessive usage of fertilizers and necessary treatment has to be undertaken before drinking water supply.

scholarly journals Appraisal of seasonal variation of groundwater quality near an uncontrolled municipal solid waste landfill in Kolkata, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-376 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Groundwater Pollution ◽  
Landfill Site ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Surrounding Water ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
The Impact

The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of leachate derived from uncontrolled municipal landfill on surrounding groundwater quality in Kolkata, India. Seasonal variation of twenty physico-chemical parameters in pre-monsoon (PRM) and post-monsoon (POM) season were analysed in forty groundwater samples around the landfill site. Groundwater pollution was identified by the spatial distribution maps of TDS, Na⁺, Cl⁻, Mn and Fe along with the heavy metals like Pb, Hg andCr in both the seasons. Hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater samples showed that the area was dominated by brackish water, [Ca⁺2−Cl⁻], [Mg⁺2−Cl⁻] and [Na⁺−Cl⁻] type in PRM season whereas [Na⁺−HCO3⁻] type dominated in POM season. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was also applied to identify the source of groundwater pollution. In PRM season, groundwater samples closer to the active landfill site were physico-chemically different from upstream samples but more related to downstream samples. However, in POM season, groundwater samples closer to the active landfill site represented distinctly different physico-chemical characteristics from upstream and downstream samples as a result of high influx of leachate pollutants. In specific, the present study urges for proper pollution control measures along with landfill leachate treatment process to improve the surrounding water quality.

scholarly journals Groundwater Quality Evaluation in Mando and Rigasa Areas, Kaduna, Northwestern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A Alimi ◽  
A. Idris-Nda ◽  
O. Ajayi ◽  
C. I. Konwea
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Faecal Coliform ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Faecal Coliform Count

Abstract The quality of groundwater from twenty (20) hand-dug wells around the Mando and Rigasa areas, Northwestern Nigeria was evaluated in this study. Physico-chemical parameters like pH, EC, TDS, temperature, Na+, Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Cl-, HCO3 -, NO3 -, SO4 2- and faecal coliform count were analysed. The degree of compliance of the various parameters with international guidelines for drinking water quality were determined and the groundwater classified. Comparison of the results of physico-chemical analysis with the NSDWQ and WHO guidelines revealed that most of the parameters in the groundwater had 100 % compliance except for pH, Mg2+, NO3 -, K+ and Fe2+ with percentage compliance of 80, 90, 75, 70 and 40, respectively. This indicates that some of the groundwater samples are not suitable for drinking purpose. Groundwater quality map based on the Water Quality Index values for the various groundwater sample showed that most parts of the study area have excellent groundwater quality. The faecal coliform bacteria count ranged from 0 CFU/100 ml to too numerous to count. Only two (2) groundwater samples (10%) complied with the 0 CFU/100 ml guidelines of the NSDWQ and WHO, while the rest eighteen (18) groundwater samples (90 %) have faecal coliform bacteria count above the recommended value. Most of the groundwater samples are not suitable for drinking based on the faecal coliform count. The groundwater samples are suitable for agricultural purposes based on the SAR, RSC and PI classifications. The groundwater in the study area is dominated by Na-Cl and CaHCO3- type facies water.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Groundwater quality and suitability for irrigation using hydro-chemical process in Bhavani taluk, Erode District, Tamilnadu, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jabar Abdul Bari ◽  
Karthikeyan Perumal ◽  
Subagunasekar Muthuramalingam
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Salinity Hazard ◽  
Piper Trilinear Diagram ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Present Study Area ◽  
Ussl Diagram ◽  
Irrigation Quality

Abstract In most regions of the present study area, Bhavani Taluk, groundwater quality is deteriorating at an alarming rate as a result of anthropogenic activities, however, little attention was given to groundwater quality and management. This research examines the quality of groundwater in Bhavani Taluk, Tamilnadu and compares its suitability for irrigation. The Bhavani region of Erode District, Tamilnadu is the most cultivated, with a considerable use of fertilizers and pesticides. Groundwater quality for irrigation purposes was assessed during the pre-monsoon season by collecting samples from 53 different locations. Physico-chemical parameters such as pH, EC, TDS, HCO3−, CO32−, Cl−, SO42−, NO3−, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+were measured in these groundwater samples. Irrigation quality measures such as salinity hazard, sodium hazard expressed as SAR, percentage of sodium (% Na), and permeability index (PI) were calculated to evaluate groundwater quality for agricultural irrigation. Based on the classification of Electrical conductivity (EC) most of the groundwater samples are falling under the permissible limit. As per the USSL diagram, the large majority of groundwater samples fall within the category of C3-S1 and the water is suitable for irrigation. Piper trilinear diagram interpretations were made to know the chemical type of the groundwaters. The piper diagram indicates that 50% of the groundwater sample were belongs to Mg2+, Ca2+, HCO3−, and Cl−. The groundwater samples fall under Class I category according to Doneen’s Classifications.

Physico-Chemical Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Ahmednagar Industrial Area

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-230
Author(s):  
Patil S.S Patil S.S ◽  
◽  
Gandhe H.D Gandhe H.D ◽  
Ghorade I.B Ghorade I.B
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Chemical Assessment
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