Nitrogen removal in a fluidized bed bioreactor by using mixed culture under oxygen-limited conditions

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 313-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Khin ◽  
A.P. Annachhatre
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Fluidized Bed Bioreactor ◽  
Oxygen Gas ◽  
Do Concentration ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification

Nitrogen removal involving nitrification and denitrification was investigated in a fluidized bed bioreactor by using mixed culture sludge under oxygen-limited conditions. Methane was used as a sole carbon source for denitrification. In this study, optimal nitrification and denitrification rates were examined by varying methane and oxygen gas dissolution flow rates, 90 ml/min, 400 ml/min and 650 ml/min, in each. Simultaneously nitrification and denitrification was achieved. The total nitrogen removal rate was 15-mg N/g VSS. d, 21-mg N/g VSS. d and 26.4-mg N/g VSS. d at gas dissolution flow rate 90 ml/min, 400 ml/min and 650 ml/min, respectively. No significant accumulation of nitrite was found in this experiment. Nitrogen removal rates depend on gas dissolution flow rates. DO concentration was at 0.5Ð2 mg/L.

scholarly journals A New Developed Airlift Reactor Integrated Settling Process and Its Application for Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification Nitrogen Removal

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Chaohai Wei
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Airlift Reactor ◽  
Simultaneous Nitrification And Denitrification ◽  
Concentration Difference ◽  
Do Concentration ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification ◽  
Sludge Settling

This study presented the performance of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) process using a new developed hybrid airlift reactor which integrated the activated sludge reaction process in the airlift reactor and the sludge settling separation process in the clarifier. The proposed reactor was started up successfully after 76 days within which the COD and total nitrogen removal rate can reach over 90% and 76.3%, respectively. The effects of different COD/N and DO concentrations on the performance of reactor were investigated. It was found that the influent COD/N maintained at 10 was sufficient for SND and the optimum DO concentration for SND was in the range of 0.5 to 0.8 mg L−1. Batch test demonstrated that both macroscopic environment caused by the spatial DO concentration difference and microscopic environment caused by the stratification of activated sludge may be responsible for the SND process in the reactor. The hybrid airlift reactor can accomplish SND process in a single reactor and in situ automatic separation of sludge; therefore, it may serve as a promising reactor in COD and nitrogen removal fields.

Study on De-Nitrification of Improved Step-Feed Progress

2014 ◽  
Vol 703 ◽  
pp. 171-174
Author(s):  
Bing Wang ◽  
Yi Xiao ◽  
Shou Hui Tong ◽  
Lan Fang ◽  
Da Hai You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Removal Mechanism ◽  
Aerobic Zone

Improved step-feed de-nitrification progress combined with biological fluidized bed was introduced in this study. The progress had good performance and capacity of de-nitrification and organic matter. The experiment result showed that the de-nitrification efficiency of the improved biological fluidized bed with step-feed process was higher than the fluidized bed A/O process under the same water quality and the operating conditions. When the influent proportion of each segment was equal, the system showed good nitrogen removal efficiency with the change of influent C/N ratio, HRT and sludge return ratio. The removal rate of TN reached up to 88.2%. It showed that the simultaneous nitrification and de-nitrification phenomenon happened in the aerobic zone. The nitrogen removal mechanism was also studied.

Nitrogen removal from livestock and poultry breeding wastewaters using a novel sequencing batch biofilm reactor

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 2599-2606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Xiao ◽  
Ping Yang ◽  
Hong Peng ◽  
Yanzong Zhang ◽  
Shihuai Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Poultry Breeding ◽  
Mode 2 ◽  
Do Concentration ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

A study was conducted regarding the biological nitrogen removal from the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater (LPBWs) using a novel sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR). Nitrogen removal process was studied under three aeration strategies/modes, referred to as MODE 1, 2, and 3. The results showed that MODE 2 (one operation period: instant fill of LPBWs, 3.0 h aeration, 1.5 h non-aeration, 1.5 h aeration, 1.0 h non-aeration and rapid drain of treated LPBWs) performed the best in nitrogen removal. Under MODE 2, the removal efficiencies were as high as 96.1 and 92.1% for NH3-N and TN, respectively. Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND), as well as shortcut nitrification and denitrification are likely to be the two main mechanisms for the nitrogen removal in this study. Nitrifying bateria were not inhibited by heterotrophic bacteria with C/N ratios ranging from 18.1 to 21.4 and DO concentration of 2.0 mg/l. Alternation between aeration and non-aeration played an important role in NO2−-N accumulation.

scholarly journals Upflow packed bed Anammox reactor used in two-stage deammonification of sludge digester effluent

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
pp. 1843-1851 ◽  
Author(s):  
İ. Çelen-Erdem ◽  
E. S. Kurt ◽  
B. Bozçelik ◽  
B. Çallı
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal

Abstract The sludge digester effluent taken from a full scale municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Istanbul, Turkey, was successfully deammonified using a laboratory scale two-stage partial nitritation (PN)/Anammox (A) process and a maximum nitrogen removal rate of 1.02 kg N/m3/d was achieved. In the PN reactor, 56.8 ± 4% of the influent NH4-N was oxidized to NO2-N and the effluent nitrate concentration was kept below 1 mg/L with 0.5–0.7 mg/L of dissolved oxygen and pH of 7.12 ± 12 at 24 ± 4°C. The effluent of the PN reactor was fed to an upflow packed bed Anammox reactor where high removal efficiency was achieved with NO2-N:NH4-N and NO3-N:NH4-N ratios of 1.32 ± 0.19:1 and 0.22 ± 0.10:1, respectively. The results show that NH4-N removal efficiency up to 98.7 ± 2.4% and total nitrogen removal of 87.7 ± 6.5% were achieved.

Total nitrogen removal from high-strength ammonia recycle stream using a single submerged attached growth bioreactor

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Onnis-Hayden ◽  
P.B. Pedros ◽  
J. Reade
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Digested Sludge ◽  
Attached Growth ◽  
Anaerobically Digested Sludge ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal

An experimental study investigating the nitrogen removal efficiency from the recycle stream generated in the dewatering facility of the anaerobically digested sludge at the Deer Island wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Boston was conducted using a single submerged attached growth bioreactor (SAGB), designed for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. The applied nitrogen loading to the reactor ranged from 0.7 to 2.27 kg-N/m3·d, and the corresponding total nitrogen (TN) removal rate ranged from 0.38 to 1.8 kg-N/m3·d. The observed nitrification rates varied from 0.42 kg-N/m3·d to 1.45 kg-N/m3·d with an ammonia load of 0.5 kg-N/m3·d and 1.8 kg-N/m3·d, respectively. An average nitrification efficiency of 91% was achieved throughout the experiment. Denitrification efficiency varied from 55%, obtained without any addition of carbon source, to 95% when methanol was added in order to obtain a methanol/nitrate ratio of about 3 kg methanol/kg NO3−-N.

scholarly journals In Situ Nutrient Removal from Rural Runoff by A New Type Aerobic/Anaerobic/Aerobic Water Spinach Wetlands

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Wen Wang ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
You Wu ◽  
Yun Cai ◽  
Hai-Liang Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
New Type ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification

Rural runoff with abundant nutrients has become a great threat to aquatic environment. Hence, more and more attention has been focused on nutrients removal. In this study, an improved aerobic/anaerobic/aerobic three-stage water spinach constructed wetland (O-A-O-CW) was used to improve the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus of rural runoff. The removal rate of the target pollutants in O-A-O-CW was compared with the common matrix flow wetland as well as the no-plant wetland. The results showed that the O-A-O-CW significantly increased the chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, ammonium-nitrogen, nitrate, and total nitrogen removal rate, and the corresponding removal rate was 55.85%, 81.70%, 76.64%, 89.78%, and 67.68%, respectively. Moreover, the best hydraulic condition of the wetland, including hydraulic retention time and hydraulic loading, was determined, which were 2 days and 0.45 m3·m−2·day−1, respectively. Furthermore, the removal mechanism of the constructed wetland was thoroughly studied, which included the adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus by the matrix and water spinach, and the nitrification and denitrification by the bacteria. The results demonstrated that the mechanisms of nitrogen removal in the new type wetland were principally by the nitrification and denitrification process. Additionally, adsorption and precipitation by the matrix are mainly responsible for phosphorus removal. These results suggested that the new O-A-O-CW can efficiently removal nutrients and enhance the water quality of the rural runoff.

Exploration of rapid start-up of the CANON process from activated sludge inoculum in a sequencing biofilm batch reactor (SBBR)

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangfan Deng ◽  
Xiaoling Zhang ◽  
Ying Miao ◽  
Bo Hu
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Fast Start ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Canon Process

In this study, a laboratory-scale sequencing biofilm batch reactor (SBBR) was employed to explore a fast start-up of completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process. Partial nitrification was achieved by controlling free ammonia concentration and operating at above 30 °C; then the reactor was immediately operated with alternating periods of aerobiosis and anaerobiosis to start the anammox process. The CANON process was successfully achieved in less than 50 d, and the total-nitrogen removal efficiency and the nitrogen removal rate were 81% and 0.14 kg-N m−3 d−1 respectively. Afterwards, with the increasing of ammonium loading rate a maximum nitrogen removal rate of 0.39 kg-N m−3 d−1 was achieved on day 94. DNA analysis showed that ‘Candidatus Brocadia’ was the dominant anammox species and Nitrosomonas was the dominant aerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria in the CANON reactor. This study revealed that due to shortening the persistent and stable nitrite accumulation period the long start-up time of the CANON process can be significantly reduced.

scholarly journals Treatment performance, nitrous oxide production and microbial community under low-ammonium wastewater in a CANON process

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 3468-3477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weixing Mi ◽  
Jianqiang Zhao ◽  
Xiaoqian Ding ◽  
Guanghuan Ge ◽  
Rixiang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Ammonium Concentration ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Production ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Canon Process

Abstract To investigate the characteristics of anaerobic ammonia oxidation for treating low-ammonium wastewater, a continuous-flow completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) biofilm reactor was studied. At a temperature of 32 ± 1 °C and a pH between 7.5 and 8.2, two operational experiments were performed: the first one fixed the hydraulic retention time (HRT) at 10 h and gradually reduced the influent ammonium concentrations from 210 to 50 mg L−1; the second one fixed the influent ammonium concentration at 30 mg L−1 and gradually decreased the HRT from 10 to 3 h. The results revealed that the total nitrogen removal efficiency exceeded 80%, with a corresponding total nitrogen removal rate of 0.26 ± 0.01 kg N m−3 d−1 at the final low ammonium concentration of 30 mg L−1. Small amounts of nitrous oxide (N2O) up to 0.015 ± 0.004 kg m−3 d−1 at the ammonium concentration of 210 mg L−1 were produced in the CANON process and decreased with the decrease in the influent ammonium loads. High-throughput pyrosequencing analysis indicated that the dominant functional bacteria ‘Candidatus Kuenenia’ under high influent ammonium levels were gradually succeeded by Armatimonadetes_gp5 under low influent ammonium levels.

Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in a single reactor using bio-electrochemical process

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Watanabe ◽  
S. Hashimoto ◽  
M. Kuroda
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Bulk Solution ◽  
Simultaneous Nitrification And Denitrification ◽  
Do Concentration ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification

Feasibility of a bio-electrochemical process for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in a single reactor was experimentally investigated. The reactor consisted of anodic and cathodic electrodes, on which nitrifying and denitrifying biofilms, respectively, were fixed. Effects of the applied electric current and DO concentration in the bulk solution were examined. The TN removal could be achieved through the occurrence of nitrification and denitrification in anodic and cathodic biofilms, respectively. Both nitrification and denitrification rates increased with an increase in the applied electric current. Even at low DO concentration in the bulk solution, nitrification proceeded at a high rate by utilizing oxygen generated on the anode. Denitrification rate remained relatively high at high DO concentration due to supplying hydrogen gas to the inner side of the cathodic biofilm. The higher TN removal rate tended to be obtained at lower DO concentration and higher current density. From these results, it was concluded that the bio-electrochemical process was applicable to simultaneous nitrification and denitrification due to stable formation of aerobic and anoxic regions in the single reactor.

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