Cometabolic transformation of cis-1,2-dichloroethylene and cis-1,2-dichloroethylene epoxide by a butane-grown mixed culture

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Kim ◽  
L. Semprini
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Aerobic Cometabolism ◽  
Release Studies ◽  
Kinetic Tests ◽  
Biological Transformation ◽  
Butane Monooxygenase ◽  
Grown Culture ◽  
Charge Fragment

Aerobic cometabolism of cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (c-DCE) by a butane-grown mixed culture was evaluated in batch kinetic tests. The transformation of c-DCE resulted in the coincident generation of c-DCE epoxide. Chloride release studies showed ∼75% oxidative dechlorination of c-DCE. Mass spectrometry confirmed the presence of a compound with mass-to-charge-fragment ratios of 112, 83, 48, and 35. These values are in agreement with the spectra of chemically synthesized c-DCE epoxide. The transformation of c-DCE required O2, was inhibited by butane and was inactivated by acetylene (a known monooxygenase inactivator), indicating that a butane monooxygenase enzyme was likely involved in the transformation of c-DCE. This study showed c-DCE epoxide was biologically transformed, likely by a butane monooxygenase enzyme. c-DCE epoxide transformation was inhibited by both acetylene and c-DCE indicating a monooxygenase enzyme was involved. The epoxide transformation was also stopped when mercuric chloride (HgCl2) was added as a biological inhibitor, further support a biological transformation. To our knowledge this is the first report of the biological transform c-DCE epoxide by a butane-grown culture.

Article

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
Komla Oscar Awitor ◽  
Laurent Bernard ◽  
Olivier Bonnin ◽  
Bernard Coupat ◽  
Jean Paul Fournier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Direct Synthesis ◽  
Knudsen Cell ◽  
Cell Method ◽  
Mercurous Chloride

Mercurous chloride (Hg2Cl2), or calomel, was prepared by direct synthesis from commercial mercury and mercuric chloride. The mercuric chloride mass fraction in the synthesized material is particularly small. The mercurous chloride vapor pressure was measured between 353 and 453 K by the Knudsen cell method. In order to obtain the mercurous chloride vapor pressure, we took into account the dissociation in the vapor phase into mercury and mercuric chloride. Our results are compared with those in the literature.Key words: mercurous chloride, calomel, vapor pressure, mass spectrometry, Knudsen cell.

scholarly journals Direct detection of gas-phase mercuric chloride by ion drift - Chemical ionization mass spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 117687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexei F. Khalizov ◽  
Francisco J. Guzman ◽  
Matthew Cooper ◽  
Na Mao ◽  
John Antley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Chemical Ionization ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Ionization Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Ion Drift

Halopicolinic acids, novel products arising through the degradation of chloro- and bromo-biphenyl bySphingomonas paucimobilisBPSI-3

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette D. Davison ◽  
Duncan A. Veal ◽  
Peter Karuso ◽  
Daniel R. Jardine
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Microbial Consortium ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sphingomonas Paucimobilis ◽  
Energy Transformation ◽  
Single Ring ◽  
Biological Transformation ◽  
Novel Products

Sphingomonas paucimobilis BPSI-3 was previously isolated from a mixed microbial consortium growing on biphenyl as the sole source of carbon and energy. Transformation of 4 -chlorobiphenyl (4CBP) was demonstrated by this strain, although little or no growth was observed. In minimal salts medium supplemented with 4CBP or bromobiphenyl and dextrose, yellow coloured product(s) were rapidly formed. Gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC–MS) revealed single ring N-heterocyclic compounds that were identified as halopicolinic acids. We believe this to be the first report of such compounds being formed via biological transformation of halobiphenyls. A mechanism is proposed for their formation.Key words: halobiphenyl degradation, halopicolinic acid, Sphingomonas paucimobilis BPSI-3, bioremediation.

How SIMS microscopy can be used in medicine

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1602-1603
Author(s):  
Philippe Fragu
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Biological Applications ◽  
The Past ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Secondary Ion ◽  
Chemical Integrity ◽  
Scientific Endeavour

The identification, localization and quantification of intracellular chemical elements is an area of scientific endeavour which has not ceased to develop over the past 30 years. Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) microscopy is widely used for elemental localization problems in geochemistry, metallurgy and electronics. Although the first commercial instruments were available in 1968, biological applications have been gradual as investigators have systematically examined the potential source of artefacts inherent in the method and sought to develop strategies for the analysis of soft biological material with a lateral resolution equivalent to that of the light microscope. In 1992, the prospects offered by this technique are even more encouraging as prototypes of new ion probes appear capable of achieving the ultimate goal, namely the quantitative analysis of micron and submicron regions. The purpose of this review is to underline the requirements for biomedical applications of SIMS microscopy.Sample preparation methodology should preserve both the structural and the chemical integrity of the tissue.

Imaging of Al-Li-Cu alloys with a Scanning Ion Microprobe

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-315
Author(s):  
K.K. Soni ◽  
D.B. Williams ◽  
J.M. Chabala ◽  
R. Levi-Setti ◽  
D.E. Newbury
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Equilibrium Phase ◽  
Icosahedral Symmetry ◽  
Ion Microprobe ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cu Alloys ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
The University ◽  
Secondary Ion

In contrast to the inability of x-ray microanalysis to detect Li, secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) generates a very strong Li+ signal. The latter’s potential was recently exploited by Williams et al. in the study of binary Al-Li alloys. The present study of Al-Li-Cu was done using the high resolution scanning ion microprobe (SIM) at the University of Chicago (UC). The UC SIM employs a 40 keV, ∼70 nm diameter Ga+ probe extracted from a liquid Ga source, which is scanned over areas smaller than 160×160 μm2 using a 512×512 raster. During this experiment, the sample was held at 2 × 10-8 torr.In the Al-Li-Cu system, two phases of major importance are T1 and T2, with nominal compositions of Al2LiCu and Al6Li3Cu respectively. In commercial alloys, T1 develops a plate-like structure with a thickness <∼2 nm and is therefore inaccessible to conventional microanalytical techniques. T2 is the equilibrium phase with apparent icosahedral symmetry and its presence is undesirable in industrial alloys.

Applications of Time-OF-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF-SIMS)

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-309
Author(s):  
Bruno Schueler ◽  
Robert W. Odom
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Polymer Surfaces ◽  
Tof Sims ◽  
Secondary Ions ◽  
Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Secondary Ion

Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) provides unique capabilities for elemental and molecular compositional analysis of a wide variety of surfaces. This relatively new technique is finding increasing applications in analyses concerned with determining the chemical composition of various polymer surfaces, identifying the composition of organic and inorganic residues on surfaces and the localization of molecular or structurally significant secondary ions signals from biological tissues. TOF-SIMS analyses are typically performed under low primary ion dose (static SIMS) conditions and hence the secondary ions formed often contain significant structural information.This paper will present an overview of current TOF-SIMS instrumentation with particular emphasis on the stigmatic imaging ion microscope developed in the authors’ laboratory. This discussion will be followed by a presentation of several useful applications of the technique for the characterization of polymer surfaces and biological tissues specimens. Particular attention in these applications will focus on how the analytical problem impacts the performance requirements of the mass spectrometer and vice-versa.

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