ICA and water in Korea – overview

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kim ◽  
T.-J. Park ◽  
S.-H. Kim ◽  
I. Hwang ◽  
J.-E. Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Computer Games ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Automatic Monitoring ◽  
Integrated Management System ◽  
Governmental Agencies ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations

The natural water quality in Korea has improved significantly in the last 20 years since major collective national initiatives were implemented by governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and professionals among many others. Recently instrumentation, control, and automation (ICA) technology has become one of the most important technologies for carrying out this task. Korea has become especially well known with a strong reputation for information technology and international business with commercial products like semi-conductors, computers, mobile phones, computer games, and other electronic products. In this paper the background of Korean water quality is reviewed and several of the most significant national projects related to ICA are discussed. The major projects may include the Automatic Monitoring Network of River Water Quality and the Integrated Management System of Wastewater Treatment Plants in Upper Basin Area of Multi-purpose Dams.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Bulgarian Wastewater Treatment Plants’ Impact on the Receiving Water Bodies

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yotova ◽  
Lazarova ◽  
Kudłak ◽  
Zlateva ◽  
Mihaylova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations

Deterioration of water quality is a major problem world widely according to many international non-governmental organizations (NGO). As one of the European Union (EU) countries, Bulgaria is also obliged by EU legislation to maintain best practices in assessing surface water quality and the efficiency of wastewater treatment processes. For these reasons studies were undertaken to utilize ecotoxicological (Microtox®, Phytotoxkit FTM, Daphtoxkit FTM), instrumental (to determine pH, electrical conductivity (EC), chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids (TSS), total nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), chlorides, sulphates, Cr, Co, Cu, Cd, Ba, V, Mn, Fe, Ni, Zn, Se, Pb), as well as advanced chemometric methods (partial least squares–discriminant analysis (PLS-DA)) in data evaluation to comprehensively assess wastewater treatment plants' (WWTPs) effluents and surface waters quality around 21 major Bulgarian cities. The PLS-DA classification model for the physicochemical parameters gave excellent discrimination between WWTP effluents and surface waters with 93.65% correct predictions (with significant contribution of EC, TSS, P, N, Cl, Fe, Zn, and Se). The classification model based on ecotoxicological data identifies the plant test endpoints as having a greater impact on the classification model efficiency than bacterial, or crustaceans’ endpoints studied.

Draft Model Declaration on Internal Strife

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (262) ◽  
pp. 59-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodor Meron
Keyword(s):  
International Committee ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Governmental Agencies ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
Draft Model ◽  
Specific Country

The tragedy of internal strife affects a large and growing number of countries throughout the world. The situations in many of these countries have been studied by UN bodies, governmental agencies and non-governmental organizations and, of course, by the International Committee of the Red Cross. On the basis of their reports, it would be possible to describe the symptoms of internal strife specific to these particular countries. However, this paper focuses on the general features characteristic of internal strife, without reference to particular countries, since accounts of the situation in any specific country inevitably prompt debate over conflicting factual allegations. Such debate would deflect us from our tasks of developing and understanding of the nature of internal strife and suggesting the necessary remedies.

Applying Balanced Scorecard in Non-Government Organizations

2017 ◽  
pp. 134-155
Author(s):  
Marek Ćwiklicki
Keyword(s):  
Balanced Scorecard ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Governmental Agencies ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Profit Organizations

The purpose of this chapter is to present the application of Balanced Scorecard among non-governmental organizations. The limitation to this type of non-profit organizations is justified by their specificity in respect of such institutions as governmental agencies. Notwithstanding the fact that the main narration is subordinated to NGOs the text also contains references to other organizations. The premise of placing these threads is the fact that the literature on this subject, in relation to the use of BSC in non-profit organizations, includes them together. The chapter ends with discussion of basic benefits concerning the application of BSC in non-governmental organizations.

A review of guidelines for sustainable municipal waste management: selected best practices on Brazilian cities

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Valdir Eduardo Olivo ◽  
Pedro Domingos Marques Prietto ◽  
Eduardo Pavan Korf
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Sustainable Waste Management ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Provision Of Services

Current integrated management systems involve several dimensions since sustainability has amongst its fundamental principles the protection of the public health and the minimization of environmental, social, and economic impacts. This work aimed to present a review of guidelines for achieving integrated sustainable waste management presenting a selected best practice in Brazilian cities. A systematic literature review was undertaken to identify the current systems and best practices in waste management. The results evidenced the significant role played by all the actors involved (population, private sector, authorities, non-governmental organizations). Political, legal, and institutional guidelines ensure adequate management planning through technical studies, drafting of legislation, and technical and operational structure for the provision of services. The economic aspects guarantee the financial sustainability of the system. The socio-environmental guidelines provide for the minimization of environmental impacts through the reduction of waste generation and social inclusion. The best practices in Brazil showed that municipalities that adopt sustainable integrated management have higher rates of recycling, social engagement, social inclusion, economic sustainability, and reduced impacts on the environment. These guidelines serve as a planning tool for any local government to structure an integrated sustainable waste management system.

scholarly journals A Legal Analysis of a Crucial Element in Country Guidance Determinations: Country of Origin Information

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Femke Vogelaar
Keyword(s):  
Country Of Origin ◽  
General Situation ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Governmental Agencies ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
News Agencies ◽  
Immigration And Asylum ◽  
Structured Approach

Abstract This article examines the use of Country of Origin Information (COI) by the Immigration and Asylum Chamber of the United Kingdom Upper Tribunal in country guidance determinations. The article assesses which standards regarding the use of COI are set by the Tribunal. Furthermore, it examines how these standards are applied by the Tribunal while it assesses the general situation or the situation of a particular group of persons at risk in Iran, Somalia, and Sri Lanka. The examination of country guidance determinations shows that the Tribunal’s assessments are based on a comprehensive range of COI, including information from expert witnesses, governmental agencies, United Nations agencies, non-governmental organizations, and news agencies. However, the country guidance determinations would benefit from a more uniform, structured approach to improve the transparency of the assessment of the reliability of information and the balancing process of COI. This would ensure a visibly ‘effectively comprehensive’ decision.1

scholarly journals Development of integrated management system (ISTORMS) for efficient operation of first flush treatment system for urban rivers

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-563
Author(s):  
Dongil Seo ◽  
Tongeun Lee ◽  
Jaeyoung Kim ◽  
Youngmin Koo
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Management System ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Treatment Unit ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Integrated Management System

An integrated management system was developed for the efficient operation of a storm water treatment unit to assist in the management of urban river water quality and flow. The SWMM hydrological model was calibrated and then used to predict the hydrograph and concentration graphs of surface runoff from a storm events based on weather forecasts. These results are used to decide how to operate the first flush treatment unit in the field by comparing water quality in the unit with that in runoff. This water quality monitoring system will also be used to reflect real-time field conditions, which will be used to improve the efficiency of the treatment system. The first flush treatment unit can be installed underground to use for storage of storm water. The system was tested against field data collected in a sub-basin of the Gwanpyung-cheon stream in Daejeon, Republic of Korea. Continuous monitoring results indicated that the first 4 hours of surface runoff exhibit higher concentrations than normal levels in the study site, and these levels can be used to determine the necessary volume for efficient treatment. When settling in the treatment system over 24 hours, the average removal efficiencies for TSS, TP and TN were 87.4%, 57.3%, and 43.6%, respectively.

Applying Balanced Scorecard in Non-Government Organizations

2017 ◽  
pp. 902-923
Author(s):  
Marek Ćwiklicki
Keyword(s):  
Balanced Scorecard ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Governmental Agencies ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Profit Organizations

The purpose of this chapter is to present the application of Balanced Scorecard among non-governmental organizations. The limitation to this type of non-profit organizations is justified by their specificity in respect of such institutions as governmental agencies. Notwithstanding the fact that the main narration is subordinated to NGOs the text also contains references to other organizations. The premise of placing these threads is the fact that the literature on this subject, in relation to the use of BSC in non-profit organizations, includes them together. The chapter ends with discussion of basic benefits concerning the application of BSC in non-governmental organizations.

scholarly journals Designing the National Network for Automatic Monitoring of Water Quality Parameters in Greece

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeliki Mentzafou ◽  
Yiannis Panagopoulos ◽  
Elias Dimitriou
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Automatic Monitoring ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
National Network ◽  
Priority Areas

Water quality indices that describe the status of water are commonly used in freshwater vulnerability assessment. The design of river water quality monitoring programs has always been a complex process and despite the numerous methodologies employed by experts, there is still no generally accepted, holistic and practical approach to support all the phases and elements related. Here, a Geographical Information System (GIS)-based multicriteria decision analysis approach was adopted so as to contribute to the design of the national network for monitoring of water quality parameters in Greece that will additionally fulfill the urgent needs for an operational, real-time monitoring of the water resources. During this cost-effective and easily applied procedure the high priority areas were defined by taking into consideration the most important conditioning factors that impose pressures on rivers and the special conditions that increase the need for monitoring locally. The areas of increased need for automatic monitoring of water quality parameters are highlighted and the output map is validated. The sites in high priority areas are proposed for the installation of automatic monitoring stations and the installation and maintenance budget is presented. Finally, the proposed network is contrasted with the current automatic monitoring network in Greece.

Non-governmental organizations as key partners in mental health in Europe

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Health Action ◽  
Health Action Plan

SummaryThe shift towards a rights-based approach to health which has taken place over the past decade has strengthened the role of civil society and their organizations in raising and claiming the entitlements of different social groups. It has become obvious that non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are central to any successful multi-stakeholder partnership, and they have become more recognized as key actors in health policy and programme development and implementation. There is a broad spectrum of NGOs active in the area of mental health in Europe which aim to empower people with mental health problems and their families, give them a voice in health policy development and implementation and in service design and delivery, to raise awareness and fight stigma and discrimination, and foster implementation of obligations set by internationally agreed mental health policy documents. With the endorsement of the Mental Health Action Plan 2013-2020 (20) and the European Mental Health Action Plan (19) stakeholders agree to strengthen capacity of service user and family advocacy groups and to secure their participation as partners in activities for mental health promotion, disorder prevention and improving mental health services.

Challenges to immigrant associations and NGOs in contemporary Greece

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apostolos G. Papadopoulos ◽  
Christos Chalkias ◽  
Loukia-Maria Fratsea
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Migrant Integration ◽  
Concentration Patterns

The paper explores the challenges faced today, in a context of severe economic crisis, by immigrant associations (ΙΜΑs) and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Greece. The data analysed here was collected between October 2009 and February 2010 and incorporates references to all recorded migration-related social actors operating in Greece. The paper takes into account such indicators as legal form, objectives, financial capacity and geographical range of activity, concluding with a typology of civil society actors dealing with migration issues. This study aims at informing the migration policymaking and migrant integration processes. By a spatial hot-spot clustering of IMAs and NGOs, we also illustrate the concentration patterns of civil society actors in Greece.

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