Novel bacterial strains for the removal of microcystins from drinking water

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 1137-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Lawton ◽  
A. Welgamage ◽  
P. M. Manage ◽  
C. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Successful Isolation ◽  
The World ◽  
Water Treatments ◽  
Significant Health

Microcystins (MC) and nodularin (NOD) are common contaminants of drinking water around the world and due to their significant health impact it is important to explore suitable approaches for their removal. Unfortunately, these toxins are not always removed by conventional water treatments. One of the most exciting areas that hold promise for a successful and cost effective solution is bioremediation of microcystins. Recent work resulted in successful isolation and characterisation of 10 novel bacterial strains (Rhodococcus sp., Arthrobacter spp. and Brevibacterium sp.) capable of metabolizing microcystin-LR (MC-LR) in a Biolog MT2 assay. The work presented here aims to further investigate and evaluate the metabolism and the degradation of multiple microcystins (MC-LR, MC-LF, MC-LY, MC-LW and MC-RR) and nodularin by the bacterial isolates. A total of five bacterial isolates representing the three genera were evaluated using Biolog MT2 assay with a range of MCs where they all demonstrated an overall metabolism on all MCs and NOD. Subsequently, the results were confirmed by observing the degradation of the range of toxins in a separate batch experiment.

Architecture for the Payment of Suppliers in the Supply Chain Through Web Services

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-36
Author(s):  
Sherif Barrad ◽  
Raul Valverde
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Web Services ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Transaction Processing ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
International Financial Institutions ◽  
The World ◽  
Transaction Fees ◽  
Local Companies

As organizations embrace globalization, procurement must assess international supply markets and secure partnerships with key suppliers from all over the world. In fact, as local companies continue to expand their operations internationally, they remain bound to local financial institutions and their fees. This article proposes a model aimed at minimizing transaction fees by introducing an architecture and a prototype enabling “low-fee” transaction processing between customers and suppliers across the entire supply chain. The notion of web services is proposed as a communications method to open up options to new and international financial institutions. Vendors can now negotiate fees with financial institutions from all over the world. Both the literature review and the prototype clearly demonstrate that a more efficient and cost-effective solution and technology is on the horizon to support globalization and minimize supply chain transaction costs.

scholarly journals Development and Characterization of Iron Coated Chitosan Beads (ICCB) to remove Arsenic from Groundwater

2020 ◽  
pp. 156-161
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Chitosan Beads ◽  
Experimental Adsorption ◽  
The World ◽  
Removal Of Arsenic

The current situation of Pakistan is reaching to an alarming situation in the context of polluting water bodies as well as groundwater due to various natural and anthropogenic activities, which can be foreseen for shortage and unavailability of safe and healthy drinking water for the population. The greater part of Pakistani individuals (almost 60%) living underneath the neediness line so they don't move toward perfect and safe drinking water supplies. Arsenic is one of the hazardous metals presents in various territories of Pakistan as well as in various zones of the world. Its essence strokes individuals' wellbeing by sullying the water. This experimental adsorption study emphasizes on the arsenic removal from drinking water by utilizing cost-effective adsorbent called "Iron Coated Chitosan Beads (ICCB)". This technique is more useful and effective when contrasted with different removal methodologies to remove arsenic from groundwater. ICCB was utilized and it was discovered a compelling and productive adsorbent for the removal of arsenic from groundwater. From all clump tests, the removal level of arsenic is achieved from 79 % to 98%. These results demonstrated that ICCB can be utilized as a productive adsorbent material for the removal of arsenic from water.

scholarly journals The Status and Future of Small Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (UAS) in Operational Meteorology

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
James O. Pinto ◽  
Anders A. Jensen ◽  
Matthias Steiner ◽  
Debbie O’Sullivan ◽  
Stewart Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
Aircraft Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Hydrological Services

CapsuleSmall weather-sensing Uncrewed Aircraft Systems are becoming reliable and accurate enough to be considered as a cost-effective solution for filling observational gaps that could enhance National Meteorological and Hydrological Services around the world.

Beyond the Water Environmental Management in the Operational Building Phase for Its Application to the Peruvian Context

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-113
Author(s):  
Estela Karem Samamé Zegarra
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Management ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
World Population ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The World ◽  
Water Treatments ◽  
Water Environmental Management

The world population is expected to be 9.3 billion by 2050, with a high increase in the urban population. It is worth considering that 71.7% of the surface of the earth covered by water, but only 3% of this water can be used as drinking water. In cities, buildings are recognized as one of the largest users of freshwater resources in construction and operation. The water use impact is different in some countries because some use conventional water treatments while other ones rely on advanced desalination. Climate change and population growth are clearly putting pressure on the world's water supply, so the first environmental assessment plan for buildings was launched in 1990 by the BRE in the United Kingdom where the water category is included in its environmental assessment.

scholarly journals Competitive exclusion of salmonellas from the chick caecum using a defined mixture of bacterial isolates from the caecal microflora of an adult bird

1982 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Impey ◽  
G. C. Mead ◽  
Susan M. George
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Competitive Exclusion ◽  
Adult Bird ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Anaerobic Culture ◽  
Adult Type ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Successful Establishment ◽  
Protective Treatment

SummaryColonization of the caeca of newly hatched chicks by Salmonella typhimurium was prevented by oral administration of a mixture of cultures comprising 48 different bacterial strains originating from an adult bird known to be free from salmonellas. The treatment conferred protection to the same degree as that obtained previously with a suspension of adult caecal contents or an undefined anaerobic culture from the same source and was demonstrated in four separate laboratory trials.Examination of the caecal microflora of chicks one day after being given the protective treatment showed that the presence of high levels of lactobacilli and Bacteroides spp. which are not found usually at two days of age in chicks produced under commercial conditions was indicative of the successful establishment of an adult-type microflora.Although the usual method of administering the protective organisms was to dose the chicks directly into the crop, it was also found possible to incorporate the organisms in the drinking water given to the birds at dilutions up to one in five, the maximum tested.When chicks were given the bacterial mixture via the crop and fed on a diet containing 10 mg kg−1 nitrovin and 100 mg kg−1 monensin, the bacteroides failed to establish in the caeca and the birds were not protected against salmonella colonization. However, when the bacterial cultures were incorporated in the drinking water and the chicks given the same feed, normal protection was obtained; possible reasons for these observations are discussed.

scholarly journals Screening and optimization of arsenic degrading bacteria and their potential role in heavy metal bioremediation

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehwish Iqtedar ◽  
Farah Aftab ◽  
Rabab Asim ◽  
Roheena Abdullah ◽  
Afshan Kaleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Arsenic Tolerance ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Soil And Water

Industrialization has added extremely toxic metalloid arsenic into the environment which at high concentration severely threatens the biota. Naturally, some microbes possess the ability to bio-accumulate metals and also to transform arsenite (As III) a toxic form to a non-toxic arsenate As V. The present study aimed to isolate arsenic resistant bacterias from the arsenic contaminated soil and water. Among eleven bacterial isolates, three FAs 1, 4 and 9 exhibited tolerance against sodium arsenite at 100mM concentration by achieving growth of 7.48×109,1.57×109 and 2.23×109 C.F.U./ml, respectively. Optimization at different conditions such as temperature, pH and arsenic concentration revealed high arsenic tolerance from isolate FAs 4 (5.33×108) at 37°C and FAs 1 (4.43×108 C.F.U./ml) at pH 7. Arsenic resistance at optimum conditions for the bacterial strains FAs 1, FAs 4 and FAs 9 showed maximum growth at 80mM concentration of arsenite. These bacterial isolates did not show redox ability to oxidize arsenite As III to arsenate As V. However bacterial isolates FAs 1, FAs 4 and FAs 9 were able to accumulate arsenic 39.16, 148 and 125 µg/L on the 4th, 3rd and 5th day of incubation, respectively. The isolates FAs 1, FAs 4 and FAs 9 were identified as Gram negative non endospore forming rods. In future, these novel isolates possess a great potential in biotechnology field, as bioremediation of arsenic contaminated soil and water can be done by employing arsenic accumulating bacteria which is an eco-friendly and cost effective method.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF BACTERIAL DIVERSITY AND INTERSPECIES INTERACTIONS ON DRINKING WATER-ASSOCIATED BIOFILMS OF YЕRSINIA ЕNTEROCOLITICA

2018 ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Zvezdimira Tsvetanova ◽  
Hristo Najdenski
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Interspecies Interactions ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Enteropathogenic Yersinia ◽  
Individual Partner

The capability of the enteropathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica 8081 bio/serotype 1B/O:8 to form binary and multi-species biofilms with defined bacterial strains was studied. The interspecies interactions in the binary biofilms of the enteropathogen with three bacterial isolates from drinking water and water-associated biofilms were assessed. The effect of each individual partner strain for the Y. enterocolitica involvement in the four-species bacterial biofilm was evaluated by excluding one by one the isolates from the sessile community. It was found out that Y. enterocolitica and the tested bacterial strains interact each other in the binary biofilm formation. Moreover, the Y. enterocolitica involvement in the biofilms depends on the partner strain. In the multi-species biofilms, a synergetic effect of one of the bacterial partner strains on the Y. enterocolitica attachment was detected in contrast to the weak inhibitory effect of another one.

scholarly journals Arsenic Mitigation Technologies from Ground Water: A Brief Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 139-158
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Activated Alumina ◽  
The World ◽  
Exchange Resins ◽  
High Arsenic

Contamination of drinking water due to the presence of as has become a global environmental and socio-economic threat. The appearance of high Arsenic (As) in drinking water causes a serious health issue around the world. Many countries in different parts of the world have reported high arsenic concentrations. Among all groundwater arsenic contamination affected countries, the position of Bangladesh is the worst. Therefore, it is very important to develop affordable and efficient techniques to remove As from drinking water to protect human health. The most used methods are oxidation, coagulation, adsorption, ion exchange, and membrane technologies. Oxidation is usually used as pretreatment for most of the methods. Coagulation is the most common arsenic mitigation technology in Bangladesh. This technique is effective from pH 6-8. Ion exchange resins can only remove arsenate. Activated alumina beds work best in slightly acidic waters and usually have much longer run times than ion exchange resins. A cost-effective method for mitigation of As from drinking water is the use of low-cost adsorbent. Membrane methods which are more costly than other arsenic mitigation techniques but very effective where very low arsenic levels are required. Providing a safe water source may not possible in some of the arsenic affected regions or sometimes this process becomes very expensive. Mitigation of As from drinking water may be more appropriate in these situations. This paper presents a review of the conventional methods used for mitigation of As from contaminated drinking water.

scholarly journals To Analyse the Resistance and Tolerance of several Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) Bacteria:

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amartya Nandi ◽  
KANAV SHARMA ◽  
BHASKAR R. PURI ◽  
BHAVANA M. PURI
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The World

Antimicrobial resistance has become a serious problem for physicians around the world when it comes to treating patients. As a result, short-term research was carried out by us to determine the prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial isolates and to study the mechanism of escaping the antibiotics. Methods and Materials In the department of microbiology, clinical samples were grown and bacterial strains were discovered. To determine we have studied several strains of clinically established MDR bacteria and analyzed their genome sequences to get the answers to the tolerance and resistance of MDR bacteria.

scholarly journals Smart Vehicle Sensor System

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VIII) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Suma K R
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
Vehicle Theft ◽  
The World ◽  
Vehicle Sensor ◽  
Smart Vehicle

Over recent years production of the vehicle around the world has increased rapidly, vehicle theft has become a shared concern for all citizens. Security and safety have always become a necessity. However, present anti-theft systems lack the tracking and monitoring function. The Wi-Fi module enabled cost-effective solution has been made to protect the vehicles. This paper attempts to utilize two physically disjoint units in conjunction with each other, to provide a fool-proof mechanism against vehicle theft. A prototype has been made using Arduino and Wi-Fi module. Android smartphones are used to design for the user interface that allows access of the vehicle to an intended person only.

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