Nutrient solubilization and its availability following anaerobic digestion

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 756-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chirag M. Mehta ◽  
Damien J. Batstone
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Solid Surfaces ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Agriculture Waste ◽  
Total P ◽  
Mesophilic Condition

This study aims to investigate solubilization of elements (P, N, K, Ca and Mg) during anaerobic digestion (AD) of solid agriculture waste. It is important to maintain particularly phosphorous in the aqueous phase to be able to subsequently recover it in a concentrated form via crystallization. Batch AD was carried out at a mesophilic condition (37 °C) and pH 7.0 ± 0.2 on a variety of piggery and poultry solid waste streams. Less than 10% of the total P, Ca and Mg was in soluble form in the digestate. Most of the N and K remained soluble in the digestate. A bioavailability test (citric acid extraction) showed P, Ca and Mg in the digestate were totally available. Complete solubilization of P, Ca and Mg occurred below a threshold of pH 5.5. This indicates these nutrients were released during digestion, and then either bound to form inorganic compounds or adsorbed on solid surfaces in the digestate. These effects reduce the feasibility of post-digestion recovery of the nutrients via struvite crystallization. Strategies to improve nutrient solubilization and recovery during the AD include addition of complexing chemicals, operation at depressed pH, or otherwise modifying the operating conditions.

scholarly journals Decentral Energy Generation Potential of Anaerobic Digestion of Black Water and Kitchen Refuse for Eco-District Planning

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2948
Author(s):  
Soufia Mohammadi ◽  
Pilar Monsalvete Álvarez de Uribarri ◽  
Ursula Eicker
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Organic Substrate ◽  
Mass Balances ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Black Water ◽  
Alternative Energy Source ◽  
Simulation Based

Biogas technology is an important alternative energy source worldwide. Blackwater and kitchen refuse represent ideal waste streams for bioenergy recovery through anaerobic co-digestion. Modeling of the biokinetics of anaerobic digestion on several aspects, such as microbial activity, substrate degradation, and methane production, from co-digestion of black water (BW) and kitchen refuse (KR) was the objective of this research. A mathematical model was developed towards a simulation based on mass balances on biomass, the organic substrate, and biogas. The model was implemented in INSEL and experimental data from the literature were used for model validation. The study shows that the simulation results fit well with the experimental data. The energy consumption and generation potential of anaerobic co-digestion of BW and KR were calculated to investigate if the produced biogas could supply the digester’s energy demand. This study can be used to pre-design anaerobic digestion systems in eco-districts.

Characterization, Digestibility and Anaerobic Treatment of Leachates from Old and Young Landfills

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 145-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Méndez ◽  
J. M. Lema ◽  
R. Blázquez ◽  
M. Pan ◽  
C. Forjan
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Anaerobic Filter ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Landfill Sites

We have evaluated the utility of applying anaerobic digestion treatment to the leachates from two landfill sites receiving solid urban refuse from populations of similar standards of living. Both tips are located in the same area and have very similar climates, but they differ as regards the length of time they have been operated. The leachates from the older tip have much lower levels of organic load, 40% of which was refractory to the anaerobic digestion treatment applied. The digestibility of leachates was studied by using a semicontinuous suspended sludge system.It was possible to remove up to 65% of the soluble COD of leachates from the young tip by means of an anaerobic filter working at HRTs less than 2 days. This system proved to be highly stable when its operating conditions were subjected to perturbations similar to those likely to be suffered by a full-scale plant.

Anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge combined with ozone post-treatment and recycling

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Battimelli ◽  
C. Millet ◽  
J.P. Delgenès ◽  
R. Moletta
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Waste Activated Sludge ◽  
Digested Sludge ◽  
Combined Process

The aim of the study was to determine the performances of a combined ozone/anaerobic digestion system for waste activated sludge reduction. The objective was the estimation of the process efficiency and stability when keeping constant influent flow while increasing recycled chemically treated flow. The ozonation step consisted in a partial oxidation (0.16 g O3/g SS) of the anaerobic mesophilic digested sludge. Chemical treatment of digested sludge resulted in a threefold COD solubilization and a decrease of SS of 22%. Some of the advantages of digested sludge ozonation were: deodorization, better settlement and a reduction in viscosity. However there were drawbacks: foaming during ozonation and, at high ozone doses, poorer filterability. The anaerobic digestion was carried out over 6 months with an increasing recycling of ozonated flow. Suspended solids removal rate and COD removal rate were compared with initial operating conditions for the biological reactor and the whole combined process. The optimum recycling rate was 25% with increases of SS removal and COD removal of 54% and 66% respectively when considering the combined process; corresponding to a decrease of the hydraulic retention time from 24 days to 19 days.

scholarly journals A Novel Nitrogen Removal Technology Pre-Treating Chicken Manure, Prior to Anaerobic Digestion

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7463
Author(s):  
Marie E. Kirby ◽  
Muhammad W. Mirza ◽  
James Davies ◽  
Shane Ward ◽  
Michael K. Theodorou
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Nitrogen Recovery ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Removal Technology ◽  
Methane Potential

Chicken manure is an agricultural by-product that is a problematic feedstock for anaerobic digestion due to its high nitrogen content inhibiting methane yields. This research examines a novel pilot-scale method of ammonia stripping, the nitrogen recovery process (NRP) developed by Alchemy Utilities Ltd. The NRP was designed to remove and recover nitrogen from chicken manure and two different operating conditions were examined. Both operating conditions demonstrated successful nitrogen removal and recovery. The biochemical methane potential assays were used to compare the digestibility of the NRP-treated chicken manures to that of a fresh chicken manure control. Overall, the biochemical methane potential assays demonstrated that some NRP-treated chicken manure treatments produced significantly more methane compared to untreated manure, with no inhibition occurring in relation to ammonium. However, some of the NRP-treated chicken manures produced similar or lower methane yields compared to fresh chicken manure. The NRP requires further development to improve the efficiency of the pilot-scale unit for commercial-scale operation and longer-term continuous anaerobic digestion trials are required to determine longer-term methane yield and ammonium inhibition effects. However, these initial results clearly demonstrate the technology’s potential and novel application for decentralised, on-farm nitrogen recovery and subsequent anaerobic digestion of chicken manure.

High-solids anaerobic digestion: comparison of three pilot scales

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1757-1763 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Guendouz ◽  
P. Buffière ◽  
J. Cacho ◽  
M. Carrère ◽  
J.-P. Delgenes
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
High Solids ◽  
Dry Digestion ◽  
Mesophilic Conditions ◽  
Production Efficiencies

Two experiments were undertaken in three different experimental set-ups in order to compare them: an industrial 21-m3 pilot reactor, a new 40-ℓ laboratory pilot reactor and bmp type plasma bottles. Three consecutive batch dry digestion tests of municipal solid waste were performed under mesophilic conditions with the same feedstock in all vessels. Biogas and methane production at the end of the tests were similar (around 200 m3 CH4STP/tVS) for both pilot reactors and were different from the bottle tests. The dynamics of methane production and VFA accumulation concurred. However, the maximal levels of VFA transitory accumulation varied between reactors and between runs in a same reactor. Ammonia levels were similar in both reactors. These results show that the new reactor accurately imitates the conditions found in the larger one. Adaptation of microorganisms to the waste and operating conditions was also pointed out along the consecutive batches. Thermophilic semi-continuous tests were performed in both reactors with similar conditions. The methane production efficiencies were similar.

Anaerobic digestion of flotation sludges from the alginic acid extraction process

1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Carpentier ◽  
C. Festino ◽  
C. Aubart
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Alginic Acid ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Acid Extraction

Plant mechanisms to optimise access to soil phosphorus

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan E. Richardson ◽  
Peter J. Hocking ◽  
Richard J. Simpson ◽  
Timothy S. George
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Specific Root Length ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Root Characteristics ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Total P

Phosphorus (P) is an important nutrient required for plant growth and its management in soil is critical to ensure sustainable and profitable agriculture that has minimal impact on the environment. Although soils may contain a large amount of total P, only a small proportion is immediately available to plants. Australian soils often have low availability of P for plant growth and P-based fertilisers are, therefore, commonly used to correct P deficiency and to maintain productivity. For many soils, the sustained use of P fertiliser has resulted in an accumulation of total P, a proportion of which is in forms that are poorly available to most plants. The efficiency with which different P fertilisers are used in agricultural systems depends on their capacity to supply P in a soluble form that is available for plant uptake (i.e. as orthophosphate anions). In addition to fertiliser source, the availability of P in soil is influenced to a large extent by physico-chemical and biological properties of the soil. Plant access to soil P is further affected by root characteristics (e.g. rate of growth, specific root length, and density and length of root hairs) and biochemical processes that occur at the soil–root interface. The ability of roots to effectively explore soil, the release of exudates (e.g. organic anions and phosphatases) from roots that influence soil P availability, and the association of roots with soil microorganisms such as mycorrhizal fungi are particularly important. These processes occur as a natural response of plants to P deficiency and, through better understanding, may provide opportunities for improving plant access to soil and fertiliser P in conventional and organic agricultural systems.

scholarly journals Biogas Production from Rice Husk Waste by using Solid State Anaerobic Digestion (SSAD) Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 02007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashfi Hawali Abdul Matin ◽  
Hadiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Continuous Systems

An effort to obtain alternative energy is still interesting subject to be studied, especially production of biogas from agriculture waste. This paper was an overview of the latest development of biogas researches from rice husk waste by Solid State Anaerobic Digestion (SSAD). The main obstacle of biogas production from rice husk waste was the lignin content which is very difficult degraded by microbes. Various pretreatments have been conducted, either physically, chemically as well as biologically. The SSAD method was an attractive option because of the low water content of rice husk waste. The biogas yield by SSAD method gave more attractive result compared to Liquid Anaerobic Digestion (LAD) method. Various studies were still conducted in batch mode laboratory scale and also has not found optimum operating conditions. Research on a larger scale such as bench and pilot scale with continuous systems will be an increase trend in the future research.

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