Assessment of soil quality in the area of casting parts waste storage specific to cast iron activities

The purpose of this paper was to present an environmental assessment specific to a case study with reference to the storage of sand waste from a cast iron foundry, a factory with a long period of operation located in Transylvania, Romania. The environmental assessment started from the need to achieve compliant conditions for long-term storage of waste specific to cast iron casting parts activities. The activities performed in the project were carried out in stages and in parallel with the activities of sand waste valorification from the non-compliant deposit. The collaboration of the factory owner with the local environmental authorities was able to effectively materialize the objectives of the soil evaluation and facilitated the obtaining conditions for new compliant deposit construction. The evaluation of the soil quality was performed in areas where the deposited material, respectively the sand waste from the casting of the cast iron was already valorificated and, in that case, access to the soil layer was facilitated. Thirty soil samples and a control sample were analyzed and interpretation of the results was performed in corelation to specific legislation. The conclusions of the study were provided to the beneficiary and, also to the environmental authorities in order to authorize future activities (capitalization of the remaining waste, arrangement of a new landfill).

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Assessment of Package Performance During Long-Term Storage of Intermediate-Level Radioactive Waste

9th ASME International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation: Volumes 1, 2, and 3 ◽

10.1115/icem2003-4517 ◽

2003 ◽

Author(s):

A. V. Chambers ◽

W. R. Rodwell ◽

M. Kelly ◽

A. R. Hoch ◽

A. J. Baker

Keyword(s):

Extended Period ◽

Intermediate Level ◽

Passive Safety ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Waste Storage ◽

Disposal Option ◽

Intermediate Level Radioactive Waste ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

In the UK, the need for the long-term management of intermediate-level radioactive wastes arises from the absence of an established deep disposal option. As a consequence there is a requirement to demonstrate the ‘passive safety’ of waste packages in stores over a necessarily lengthy period (perhaps 150 years or more). ‘Passive safety’ is taken here to imply that the waste packages themselves would remain safe without intervention; it is assumed however, that the store building and associated infrastructure would need to be actively maintained and that the store may need to be ventilated. Importantly, methods for waste storage also need to ensure that possible future options for disposal are not foreclosed. An extended period of storage suggests that emphasis will need to be placed by waste producers on understanding a number of issues such as: • the impact of corrosion on container integrity; • the assessment of container vents and other features as a pathway for the release of radioactivity; • the extent to which wastes are conditioned for storage and the selection of appropriate methods; • the generation and behaviour of toxic or flammable gases in the storage facility; and the mitigating steps that might be needed to address adverse impacts (e.g. the type of ventilation that the store requires). In this paper, we review the requirements and current state of knowledge relevant to the assessment of operational releases of radioactive, flammable and toxic gases from wastes in long-term interim storage.

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Basic Experimental Study on Effectiveness of Nuclear Waste Long-Term Storage Containers With PAR for Reducing Concentration of Hydrogen Gas: Part 2 — Hydrogen Behavior in a Small-Scale Modeled Container

Volume 9: Student Paper Competition ◽

10.1115/icone26-81704 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Y. Hiraki ◽

G. Takase ◽

Y. Suzuki ◽

Y. Tanaka ◽

K. Takase

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Concentration ◽

Nuclear Power ◽

Hydrogen Gas ◽

Small Scale ◽

Storage Container ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Waste Storage ◽

Experimental Apparatus ◽

Hydrogen Supply

As for the decommissioning of Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant (1F), a long-term waste storage container with high safety is requested to store radioactive materials such as fuel debris for a long period of time. Since hydrogen is generated by radioactive decomposition of water, it is important to keep the concentration of hydrogen gas below the explosion limit in order to ensure the safety of the container. Then, use of passive autocatalytic recombiner (PAR) was proposed to reduce the hydrogen concentration. PAR is installed in the container. In order to experimentally confirm the reduction of hydrogen concentration by PAR and hydrogen behavior in the container, an experimental apparatus consisting of a small-scale modeled container and a hydrogen supply system was provided. Preliminary experiments were begun for confirming fundamental performance of the experimental apparatus under the conditions that PAR and simulated fuel debris are not installed in the container. Moreover, the hydrogen behavior in the container was analyzed numerically. In addition, the steam behavior generated by the chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen by PAR was also predicted. This paper describes both results of the preliminary experiments and numerical simulations. The experimental results showed that the hydrogen behavior can be predicted using the temperature distributions in the container. The analysis results clarified the controlling factors on the hydrogen behavior and the steam distribution in the container by PAR.

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Method for the Reduction of Natural Losses of Potato Tubers During their Long-Term Storage

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12031048 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 1048 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Tomasz Jakubowski ◽

Jolanta B. Królczyk

Keyword(s):

Control Sample ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Potato Tubers ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Long Wave ◽

Cold Store ◽

Natural Losses ◽

Uv C ◽

Term Storage

The purpose of the study was to establish whether UV-C radiation applied to potato tubers prior to their storage affected their natural losses over a long period of time. A custom-built UV-C radiation stand constructed for the purpose of this experiment was equipped with a UV-C NBV15 radiator generating a 253.7 nm long wave with power density of 80 to 100 μW∙cm−2. Three varieties of edible medium late potatoes, Jelly, Syrena, and Fianna, were the objects of the research. The measurement of tightly controlled storage conditions was carried out over three seasons between 2016/2017 and 2018/2019, in a professional agricultural cold store with automated adjustment of interior microclimate parameters. The obtained data were processed using the variance analysis (α = 0.05). There was a statistically significant reduction in transpiration- and respiration-caused losses in the UV-C radiated potato tubers in comparison to those of the control sample. Additionally, the Jelly variety reacted to UV-C radiation demonstrating a reduction in sprout weight.

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Assessment of Soil Quality under Different Soil Management Strategies: Combined Use of Statistical Approaches to Select the Most Informative Soil Physico-Chemical Indicators

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11115099 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 5099

Author(s):

Anna Maria Stellacci ◽

Mirko Castellini ◽

Mariangela Diacono ◽

Roberta Rossi ◽

Concetta Eliana Gattullo

Keyword(s):

Soil Quality ◽

Management Practices ◽

Selection Process ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Stepwise Discriminant Analysis ◽

No Tillage ◽

Combined Use ◽

Statistical Approaches

Assessment of soil quality under different management practices is crucial for sustainable agricultural production and natural resource use. In this study, different statistical methods (principal component analysis, PCA; stepwise discriminant analysis, SDA; partial least squares regression with VIP statistics, PLSR) were applied to identify the variables that most discriminated soil status under minimum tillage and no-tillage. Data collected in 2015 from a long-term field experiment on durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) were used and twenty soil indicators (chemical, physical and biological) were quantified for the upper soil layer (0–0.20 m). The long-term iteration of different management strategies affected soil quality, showing greater bulk density, relative field capacity (RFC), organic and extractable carbon contents (TOC and TEC) and exchangeable potassium under no-tillage. PCA and SDA confirmed these results and underlined also the role of available phosphorous and organic carbon fractions as variables that most discriminated the treatments investigated. PLSR, including information on plant response (grain yield and protein content), selected, as the most important variables, plant nutrients, soil physical quality indicators, pH and exchangeable cations. The research showed the effectiveness of combining variable selection methods to summarize information deriving from multivariate datasets and improving the understanding of the system investigated. The statistical approaches compared provided different results in terms of variables selected and the ranking of the selected variables. The combined use of the three methods allowed the selection of a smaller number of variables (TOC, TEC, Olsen P, water extractable nitrogen, RFC, macroporosity, air capacity), which were able to provide a clear discrimination between the treatments compared, as shown by the PCA carried out on the reduced dataset. The presence of a response variable in PLSR considerably drove the feature selection process.

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Aluminosilicate Sediment Dissolution in Liquid Radioactive Waste Storage Facilities

Radioactive waste ◽

10.25283/2587-9707-2020-2-75-84 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 75-84

Author(s):

T. A. Kulagina ◽

◽

V. A. Kulagin ◽

Keyword(s):

Radioactive Waste ◽

Spent Nuclear Fuel ◽

Liquid Radioactive Waste ◽

Storage Tanks ◽

Spent Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Waste Storage ◽

Poorly Soluble ◽

Hydrodynamic Effects

The article deals with the extraction of insoluble sediments formed in storage tanks during long-term storage of liquid radioactive waste from spent nuclear fuel reprocessing. Results of a thermodynamic analysis are presented enabling to assess the structure of the precipitation formed and to select most effective modes for thermal and hydrodynamic effects (cavitation technology) produced by liquid medium on eroded sediments. The paper presents the results of studies on the extraction of poorly soluble pulp components from storage tanks using cavitation technology.

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On-site stormwater management as an alternative to conventional sewer systems: a new concept spreading in Germany

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1998.0378 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 38 (10) ◽

pp. 65-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

F. Sieker

Keyword(s):

Stormwater Management ◽

Management System ◽

Soil Layer ◽

New Developments ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Sewer Systems ◽

Highly Porous ◽

Term Storage

In Germany a new stormwater management system is spreading across the country – the so called “Mulden-Rigolen-System” (MR-System), which may be translated as the ‘Swale-Infiltration Trench System’. The overall applicable system consists of on-site located swale-trench-elements which are connected by throttled sewers to a decentralized stormwater management system. The elements are designed and dimensioned in order to allow the highest possible infiltration of stormwater runoff. This is obtained by a short-term storage in the grassed swale and a long-term storage provided by the trench. The latter is formed by highly porous material such as gravel or lava granules, wrapped in geotextile. By infiltration through the active soil layer along the swale bottom, stormwater quality is enhanced up to the quality of drinking water. The MR-System has been applied in many German projects, not only in new developments, but also as a retrofit measure in the existing urban developments.

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ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY EVALUATION FROM GALVANIC SLUDGE DURING LONG-TERM STORAGE

Joupnal of New Technologies in Environmental Science ◽

10.30540/jntes-2020-3.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 3-17

Author(s):

L. Tretiakova ◽

◽

L. Mitiuk

Keyword(s):

Soil Salinity ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Safety Evaluation ◽

Environmental Safety ◽

Ecological State ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Waste Storage ◽

Galvanic Sludge ◽

Term Storage

The article analyses the ecological state of the soil in an enterprise with a galvanic shop that produces chips and microcircuits. The problem of production waste storage in open areas is investigated. Environmental hazards during long-term storage of sludge have been identified. The composition of the sludge obtained after sewage treatment of the production of the copper line was investigated. A method for predicting the level and depth of soil salinity during long-term sludge storage is proposed. The experience of reuse of copper extracted from sludge is analysed.

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Preparation And elemental analysis of ancient fibers

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100126846 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 410-411

Author(s):

Allen Angel ◽

Kathryn A. Jakes

Keyword(s):

Cross Sections ◽

Physical Structure ◽

Energy Dispersive ◽

Archaeological Sites ◽

X Ray ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Backscattered Electron ◽

Electron Imaging

Fabrics recovered from archaeological sites often are so badly degraded that fiber identification based on physical morphology is difficult. Although diagenetic changes may be viewed as destructive to factors necessary for the discernment of fiber information, changes occurring during any stage of a fiber's lifetime leave a record within the fiber's chemical and physical structure. These alterations may offer valuable clues to understanding the conditions of the fiber's growth, fiber preparation and fabric processing technology and conditions of burial or long term storage (1).Energy dispersive spectrometry has been reported to be suitable for determination of mordant treatment on historic fibers (2,3) and has been used to characterize metal wrapping of combination yarns (4,5). In this study, a technique is developed which provides fractured cross sections of fibers for x-ray analysis and elemental mapping. In addition, backscattered electron imaging (BSI) and energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis (EDS) are utilized to correlate elements to their distribution in fibers.

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Modelling of Moisture Movement in Wood during Outdoor Storage

Nonlinear Analysis Modelling and Control ◽

10.15388/na.2001.6.1.15210 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 3-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

R. Baronas ◽

F. Ivanauskas ◽

I. Juodeikienė ◽

A. Kajalavičius

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Finite Difference ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Moisture Movement ◽

Finite Difference Technique ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Space Formulation ◽

Term Storage

A model of moisture movement in wood is presented in this paper in a two-dimensional-in-space formulation. The finite-difference technique has been used in order to obtain the solution of the problem. The model was applied to predict the moisture content in sawn boards from pine during long term storage under outdoor climatic conditions. The satisfactory agreement between the numerical solution and experimental data was obtained.

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