Phytochemical profiles and their anti-inflammatory responses against influenza from Traditional Chinese medicine or herbs

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huihui Ti
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Pharmacological Mechanism ◽  
Influenza Activity ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Phytochemical Profiles

: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) or herbs are widely used in the prevention and treatment of viral infectious diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms of TCMs remain largely obscure due to complicated material basis and multi-target therapeutics. TCMs have been reported to display anti-influenza activity associated with immunoregulatory mechanisms by enhancing host anti-influenza immune responses. Previous studies have helped us understanding the direct harm caused by the virus itself. In this review, we have tried to summarize recent progress in TCM-based anti-influenza research the indirect harmful immune responses caused by influenza viruses. In particular, the phytochemicals from TCMs responsible for molecular mechanisms of action belonging to different classes, including phenolic compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids and polysaccharides, have been identified and demonstrated. In addition, this review focuses on the pharmacological mechanism, e.g., inflammatory responses and the interferon (IFN) signaling pathway, which can provide a theoretical basis and approaches for TCM based anti-influenza treatment.

scholarly journals Advances in Molecular Mechanisms for Traditional Chinese Medicine Actions in Regulating Tumor Immune Responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Huang ◽  
Jiansong Fang ◽  
Xiude Fan ◽  
Tatsunori Miyata ◽  
Xiaoyue Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms

scholarly journals Systems Pharmacology Dissection of Traditional Chinese Medicine Wen-Dan Decoction for Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao-Hua Lan ◽  
Lu-Lu Zhang ◽  
Yong-Hua Wang ◽  
Huan-Lin Wu ◽  
Dan-Ping Xu
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
System Level ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
System Pharmacology ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been recognized as first killer of human health. The underlying mechanisms of CVDs are extremely complicated and not fully revealed, leading to a challenge for CVDs treatment in modern medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) characterized by multiple compounds and targets has shown its marked effects on CVDs therapy. However, system-level understanding of the molecular mechanisms is still ambiguous. In this study, a system pharmacology approach was developed to reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms of a clinically effective herb formula (Wen-Dan Decoction) in treating CVDs. 127 potential active compounds and their corresponding 283 direct targets were identified in Wen-Dan Decoction. The networks among active compounds, targets, and diseases were built to reveal the pharmacological mechanisms of Wen-Dan Decoction. A “CVDs pathway” consisted of several regulatory modules participating in therapeutic effects of Wen-Dan Decoction in CVDs. All the data demonstrates that Wen-Dan Decoction has multiscale beneficial activity in CVDs treatment, which provides a new way for uncovering the molecular mechanisms and new evidence for clinical application of Wen-Dan Decoction in cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Utilizing network pharmacology to explore the underlying mechanism of Radix Salviae in diabetic retinopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Li Piao ◽  
Jin-Li Luo ◽  
De Jin ◽  
Cheng Tang ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Network Pharmacology ◽  
Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Pathway Enrichment ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract Introduction Radix Salviae (Dan-shen in pinyin), a classic Chinese herb, has been extensively used to treat diabetic retinopathy in clinical practice in China for many years. However, the pharmacological mechanisms of Radix Salviae remain vague. The aim of this study was to decrypt the underlying mechanisms of Radix Salviae in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy using a systems pharmacology approach. Methods A network pharmacology-based strategy was proposed to elucidate the underlying multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway mode of action of Radix Salviae against diabetic retinopathy. First, we collected putative targets of Radix Salviae based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology database and a network of the interactions among the putative targets of Radix Salviae and known therapeutic targets of diabetic retinopathy was built. Then, two topological parameters, “degree” and “closeness certainty” were calculated to identify the major targets in the network. Furthermore, the major hubs were imported to the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery to perform a pathway enrichment analysis. Results A total of 130 nodes, including 18 putative targets of Radix Salviae, were observed to be major hubs in terms of topological importance. The results of pathway enrichment analysis indicated that putative targets of Radix Salviae mostly participated in various pathways associated with angiogenesis, protein metabolism, inflammatory response, apoptosis, and cell proliferation. The putative targets of Radix Salviae (vascular endothelial growth factor, matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen, insulin-like growth factor-1, and cyclooxygenase-2) were recognized as active factors involved in the main biological functions of treatment, which implied that these were involved in the underlying mechanisms of Radix Salviae on diabetic retinopathy. Conclusions Radix Salviae could alleviate diabetic retinopathy via the molecular mechanisms predicted by network pharmacology. This research demonstrates that the network pharmacology approach can be an effective tool to reveal the mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine from a holistic perspective.

scholarly journals The Chinese Medicinal Formulation Guzhi Zengsheng Zhitongwan Modulates Chondrocyte Structure, Dynamics, and Metabolism by Controlling Multiple Functional Proteins

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Baojin Yao ◽  
Bocheng Lu ◽  
Mei Zhang ◽  
Hongwei Gao ◽  
Xiangyang Leng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Structure Dynamics ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Medicinal Formulation

Traditional Chinese medicine is one of the oldest medical systems in the world and has its unique principles and theories in the prevention and treatment of human diseases, which are achieved through the interactions of different types of materia medica in the form of Chinese medicinal formulations. GZZSZTW, a classical and effective Chinese medicinal formulation, was designed and created by professor Bailing Liu who is the only national medical master professor in the clinical research field of traditional Chinese medicine and skeletal diseases. GZZSZTW has been widely used in clinical settings for several decades for the treatment of joint diseases. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still largely unknown. In the present study, we performed quantitative proteomic analysis to investigate the effects of GZZSZTW on mouse primary chondrocytes using state-of-the-art iTRAQ technology. We demonstrated that the Chinese medicinal formulation GZZSZTW modulates chondrocyte structure, dynamics, and metabolism by controlling multiple functional proteins that are involved in the cellular processes of DNA replication and transcription, protein synthesis and degradation, cytoskeleton dynamics, and signal transduction. Thus, this study has expanded the current knowledge of the molecular mechanism of GZZSZTW treatment on chondrocytes. It has also shed new light on possible strategies to further prevent and treat cartilage-related diseases using traditional Chinese medicinal formulations.

The impact of Traditional Chinese Medicine on mitophagy in disease models

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ping Yu ◽  
Ting-Ting Shi ◽  
Yan-Qin Li ◽  
Jian-Kang Mu ◽  
Ya-Qin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Disease Models ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

: Mitophagy plays an important role in maintaining mitochondrial quality and cell homeostasis through the degradation of damaged, aged, and dysfunctional mitochondria and misfolded proteins. Many human diseases, particularly neurodegenerative diseases, are related to disorders of mitochondrial phagocytosis. Exploring the regulatory mechanisms of mitophagy is of great significance for revealing the molecular mechanisms underlying the related diseases. Herein, we summarize the major mechanisms of mitophagy, the relationship of mitophagy with human diseases, and the role of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in mitophagy. These discussions enhance our knowledge of mitophagy and its potential therapeutic targets using TCM.

scholarly journals Compound Traditional Chinese Medicine Dermatitis Ointment Ameliorates Inflammatory Responses and Dysregulation of Itch-Related Molecules in AD

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongrong Zhang ◽  
Shuai Shao ◽  
Yingxin Shen ◽  
Jiaming Sun ◽  
Songlan Piao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Disease ◽  
Fingerprint Analysis ◽  
Hplc Fingerprint ◽  
Effective Components ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease accompanied by an itchy and scaly rash. Compound traditional Chinese medicine dermatitis ointment (CTCMDO) is a traditional classics aimed at AD composed of a mixture of extracts from five plants known to have anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effects. Materials and methods: In this study, we used HPLC and LC/MS to analyze the effective components of CTCMDO in detail and establish its HPLC fingerprint analysis. On this basis, this article studied the anti-inflammatory and antipruritic activities of CTCMDO in the treatment of DNCB-induced AD in mice.Results: Through comparison with literature data, a total of 43 compounds were identified, including phenylpropionic acid compounds; alkaloid compounds; curcumin compounds and lignans. On this basis, a fingerprint with 17 common peaks was established. In AD-like mice, CTCMDO treatment suppressed the scratching behavior induced by DNCB in a dose-dependent manner and inhibited the production of Th1/2 cytokines in serum. CTCMDO treatment reversed the up regulation of P substance levels of itch-related genes in the skin. Furthermore, CTCMDO suppressed the phosphorylation of JNK、ERK and p38 in the skin. Conclusion: In all, our work indicated that CTCMDO can signifificantly attenuate the pathological alterations of Th1/2 cytokines and itch-related mediators, and inhibit the phosphorylation of MAPKs to treat AD.

Potential Natural Compounds for the Prevention and Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Review on Molecular Mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Ma ◽  
Cheng Wang ◽  
Yafang Zhang ◽  
Honglin Zhou ◽  
Yunxia Li
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a kind of metabolic stress-induced liver injury closely related to insulin resistance and genetic susceptibility, and there is no specific drug for its clinical treatment currently. In recent years, a large amount of literature has reported that many natural compounds extracted from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can improve NAFLD through various mechanisms. According to the latest reports, some emerging natural compounds have shown great potential to improve NAFLD but are seldom used clinically due to the lacking special research. Purpose: This paper aims to summarize the molecular mechanisms of the potential natural compounds on improving NAFLD, thus providing a direction and basis for further research on the pathogenesis of NAFLD and the development of effective drugs for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD. Methods: By searching various online databases, such as Web of Science, SciFinder, PubMed, and CNKI, NAFLD and these natural compounds were used as the keywords for detailed literature retrieval. Results: The pathogenesis of NAFLD and the molecular mechanisms of the potential natural compounds on improving NAFLD have been reviewed. Conclusion: Many natural compounds from traditional Chinese medicine have a good prospect in the treatment of NAFLD, which can serve as a direction for the development of anti-NAFLD drugs in the future.

System Pharmacological Mechanism and Compatibility Laws of Jianghuang from Traditional Chinese Medicine In Blood-Regulating Formulae

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Liu ◽  
Bolong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Kegg Pathway ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Ppi Network ◽  
Pathway Enrichment ◽  
Pharmacological Mechanism

Abstract Background: Jianghuang (JH) is a popular ingredient in blood-regulating traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) that could be effective for the treatment of various diseases. We demonstrate the compatibility laws and system pharmacological mechanisms of the key formula containing JH by leveraging data mining of bioinformatics databases.Material/Methods: The compatibility laws of blood-regulating formulae containing JH from the Chinese Traditional Medicine Formula Dictionary were analyzed using a generalized rule induction (GRI) algorithm implemented. The putative target gene and miRNA were retrieved via a combination of the Arrowsmith knowledge discovery tool and FunRich 3.1.3. System pharmacological mechanisms are traced by their protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis was conducted using Uniprot, the Human Protein Atlas (HPA), STRING 11.0, and KOBAS 3.0.Results: We found that the JH-CX-DG formula (Ligusticum chuanxiong-Angelica sinensis) could represent a key formula containing JH in blood-regulating TCM formulae. The JH-CX-DG formula was observed to directly target AKT, TLR4, caspase-3, PI3K, mTOR, p38 MAPK, VEGF, iNOS, Nrf2, BDNF, NF-κB, Bcl-2, and Bax 13 targets and regulate targets through 13 miRNA. The PPI network and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the JH-CX-DG formula possess potential pharmacological effects including anti-inflammatory, improving microcirculation, and anti-tumor through the regulation of multiple pathways including PI3K/Akt, MAPK, Toll-like receptor, T cell receptor, EGFR, VEGFR, Apoptosis, HIF-1 (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The JH-CX-DG formula can exert beneficial pharmacological effects through multi-target and multi-pathway interactions. It can be effectively administered for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, microcirculation disorders, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. We found a new effective drug formula through analyzing the compatibility law and systemic pharmacological mechanism of JH. Our study provides a theoretical basis and directions for subsequent research on the JH-CX-DG formula.

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