The Platelet Role in Severe and Fatal Forms of COVID-19.

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar L. Esparza-Ibarra ◽  
Jorge L. Ayala-Luján ◽  
Brenda Mendoza-Almanza ◽  
Irma González-Curiel ◽  
Susana Godina-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
The World ◽  
Critical Patients ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Coagulation Dysfunction

: On December 31, 2019, the World Health Organization received a report of several pneumonia cases in Wuhan, China. The causative agent was later confirmed as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since then, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has spread throughout the world, giving rise in 2020 to the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, which, according to the world map of the World Health Organization, has, until May 18, 2021, infected 163,312,429 people and caused 3,386,825 deaths throughout the world. Most critical patients progress rapidly to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and, in underlying form, to septic shock, irreversible metabolic acidosis, blood coagulation dysfunction, or hemostatic and thrombotic anomalies have been reported as the leading causes of death due to COVID-19. The main findings in severe and fatal COVID-19 patients make it clear that platelets play a crucial role in developing severe disease cases. Platelets are the enucleated cells responsible for hemostasis and thrombi formation; thus, platelet hyperreactivity induced by pro-inflammatory microenvironments contributes to the "cytokine storm" that characterizes the more aggressive course of COVID- 19.

scholarly journals Analysing Tuberculosis Trends in South Asia

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 5245
Author(s):  
Kumar Abhishek ◽  
M. P Singh ◽  
Md. Sadik Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
World Health ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variations ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Relationship

<p>Tuberculosis (TB) has been one of the top ten causes of death in the world. As per the World Health Organization (WHO) around 1.8 million people have died due to tuberculosis in 2015. This paper aims to investigate the spatial and temporal variations in TB incident in South Asia (India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Maldives, Nepal, and Sri-Lanka). Asia had been counted for the largest number of new TB cases in 2015. The paper underlines and relates the relationship between various features like gender, age, location, occurrence, and mortality due to TB in these countries for the period 1993-2012.</p>

scholarly journals COVID-19 and Fungal Infection

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Ji Hyun Lee ◽  
Hwa Jung Yook
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Multiple Organ Failure ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

In November 2019, the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreak was first reported. The infection of COVID-19 has rapidly spread worldwide. Some have unapparent or mild symptoms, but some patients have fatal forms including respiratory or multiple organ failure. In March 2020, the World Health Organization announced COVID-19 as pandemic disease. The COVID-19 pandemic is a sudden, difficult-to-control, and severe disease that can also appear to patients in dermatology. However, understanding disease and experience with it is still insufficient. Therefore, we would like to review patients with fungal infections in the COVID-19 pandemic era.

scholarly journals The effects of physical inactivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 241-243
Author(s):  
Ferhan Soyuer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
World Health ◽  
Culturally Appropriate ◽  
The World ◽  
Sedentary Life ◽  
Health Organization

Physical inactivity constitutes the basis of diseases that reduce life duration and quality and rank first among the causes of death in the world. Worldwide, it has been determined that 23 % of adults aged 18 and over are not active enough. According to the World Health Organization, sedentary life is among the main risk factors for deaths from non-communicable diseases worldwide and causes approximately 3.2 million deaths per year. For this reason, the issue of reducing inactivity has gained importance in the world today. As a solution, it is thought that increasing physical activity requires not only individual but also community-specific, multi-sectoral, multi-disciplinary and culturally appropriate approaches.

scholarly journals Multiorgan Involvement in COVID-19 and Possible Therapies

2020 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Prachee Sathe ◽  
Vijay Sundar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractIn late 2019, China reported cases of respiratory illness in humans, which involved a novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (also known as 2019-nCoV). The World Health Organization (WHO) termed the disease COVID-19 (i.e., Coronavirus disease 2019). Most of the morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 is largely due to acute viral pneumonitis that leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This article will discuss the clinical features of the multiorgan involvement in COVID-19 as well as the management of patients who become critically ill due to COVID-19.

scholarly journals Special Issue: Preterm Birth: Research, Intervention and Developmental Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3169
Author(s):  
Annalisa Guarini ◽  
Miguel Pérez Pereira ◽  
Anneloes van Baar ◽  
Alessandra Sansavini
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Developmental Outcomes ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

As indicated by the World Health Organization, preterm birth is a relevant public health issue, being one of the leading causes of death in children under five years of age [...]

scholarly journals PREDIKSI PENYAKIT TUBERCULOSIS (TBC) MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA C4.5

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deny Febriyanto ◽  
Yogiek Indra Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
World Health ◽  
Early Age ◽  
The World ◽  
C4.5 Algorithm ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Health Organization

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by mycobacteria, especially Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB disease remains one of the threats, especially in a country with low and middle economic levels. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) TB disease became one of the biggest causes of death in the world. Indonesia ranks second with the largest number of TB cases in the world. In addition, there are some symptoms and factors that can cause a person affected by TB disease. For the treatment of TB disease can be done intensively, but it takes a long time. Research in the diagnosis of disease with classification techniques using C4.5 algorithm has been done by several previous researchers and get good results. Therefore, in this research will be predicted TB disease using C4.5 algorithm. The C4.5 algorithm is chosen because it is very easy to interpret, fast, and has high precision accuracy. The results of this study is an application that can help people to make the diagnosis of TB disease from an early age.

scholarly journals Prospects of plasmapheresis for patients with severe COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilmira R. Gilmutdinova ◽  
Maksim Yu. Yakovlev ◽  
Petr S. Eremin ◽  
Anatoliy D. Fesun
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
International Committee ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Positive Experience ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

On February 11, 2020, the World Health Organization officially named the infection caused by the new coronavirus “Coronavirus disease 2019” (COVID-19). On February 11, 2020, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) officially named the infectious matter “severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2” (SARS-CoV-2). Emergence of severe complications with new coronavirus disease is due to the development of hypercytokinaemia, also known as “cytokine storm”. These complications comprise acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), respiratory failure and death. Emerging data point to the logic of using extracorporeal haemocorrection to normalise cytokine levels and reduce the severity of organ disorders. The analysis of the literature indicates that to date, a certain positive experience has been accumulated in the world in the application of extracorporeal methods in clinical practice in patients with COVID-19.

scholarly journals Fibrinogen and D-dimer variances and anticoagulation recommendations in Covid-19: current literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 842-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mert İlker Hayıroğlu ◽  
Tufan Çınar ◽  
Ahmet İlker Tekkeşin
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Anticoagulation Therapy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
The World ◽  
End Products ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
D Dimer

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly described virus responsible for the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), named by the World Health Organization (WHO) in February/2020. Patients with Covid-19 have an incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) of 15.9-29% and sepsis is observed in all deceased patients. Moreover, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is one of the major underlying causes of death among these patients. In patients with DIC, there is a decrease in fibrinogen and an increase in D-dimer levels. Some studies have shown that fibrinogen and one of its end products, D-dimer, might have a predictive value for mortality in patients with non-Covid sepsis secondary to complications of DIC. Therefore, anticoagulation, considering its mortality benefits in cases of non-Covid sepsis, may also have an important role in the treatment of Covid-19. METHODS We reviewed the literature of all studies published by April 2020 on patients infected with Covid-19. Our review was limited to D-dimer and fibrinogen changes and anticoagulation recommendations. RESULTS Anticoagulation therapy can be started following the DIC diagnosis in Covid-19 patients despite the bleeding risks. In addition, the current evidence suggests a routine use of anticoagulation, particularly in patients with higher D-dimer levels (> 3.0 μg/mL). CONCLUSION Covid-19 is a systemic, hypercoagulable disease requiring more studies concerning treatment. Aanticoagulation is still an issue to be studied, but D-dimer rise and disease severity are the indicative factors to start treatment as soon as possible.

scholarly journals Prospects of plasmapheresis for patients with severe COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilmira R. Gilmutdinova ◽  
Maksim Yu. Yakovlev ◽  
Petr S. Eremin ◽  
Anatoliy D. Fesun
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
International Committee ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Positive Experience ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

On February 11, 2020, the World Health Organization officially named the infection caused by the new coronavirus “Coronavirus disease 2019” (COVID-19). On February 11, 2020, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) officially named the infectious matter “severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2” (SARS-CoV-2). Emergence of severe complications with new coronavirus disease is due to the development of hypercytokinaemia, also known as “cytokine storm”. These complications comprise acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), respiratory failure and death. Emerging data point to the logic of using extracorporeal haemocorrection to normalise cytokine levels and reduce the severity of organ disorders. The analysis of the literature indicates that to date, a certain positive experience has been accumulated in the world in the application of extracorporeal methods in clinical practice in patients with COVID-19.

scholarly journals Markers Associated with COVID-19 Susceptibility, Resistance, and Severity

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Aisha D. Fakhroo ◽  
Asmaa A. Al Thani ◽  
Hadi M. Yassine
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Immune Reaction ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

In December 2019, the latest member of the coronavirus family, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged in Wuhan, China, leading to the outbreak of an unusual viral pneumonia known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 was then declared as a pandemic in March 2020 by the World Health Organization (WHO). The initial mortality rate of COVID-19 declared by WHO was 2%; however, this rate has increased to 3.4% as of 3 March 2020. People of all ages can be infected with SARS-CoV-2, but those aged 60 or above and those with underlying medical conditions are more prone to develop severe symptoms that may lead to death. Patients with severe infection usually experience a hyper pro-inflammatory immune reaction (i.e., cytokine storm) causing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which has been shown to be the leading cause of death in COVID-19 patients. However, the factors associated with COVID-19 susceptibility, resistance and severity remain poorly understood. In this review, we thoroughly explore the correlation between various host, viral and environmental markers, and SARS-CoV-2 in terms of susceptibility and severity.

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