A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Effects of Oral N-Acetyl Cysteine on Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Rheumatoid Arthritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghazal Hashemi ◽  
Mahtabalsadat Mirjalili ◽  
Zahra Basiri ◽  
Ahmad Tahamoli-Roudsari ◽  
Nejat Kheiripour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Acetyl Cysteine ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

<P>Background: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a common inflammatory disease of the joints. Due to the importance of inflammation and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of RA, drugs that have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, such as N-acetyl Cysteine (NAC), can be used as adjunctive therapy in patients with RA. </P><P> Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of oral NAC on inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in patients with RA. </P><P> Methods: Adjunct to standard treatment, the NAC group (23 patients) received 600 mg of NAC twice daily and the placebo group (19 patients) received identical placebo twice daily for 12 weeks. Serum levels of Total Oxidant Status (TOS), Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), nitric oxide (NO), Total Thiol Groups (TTG), Malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-&#945;), interleukin- 6 (IL-6), C-reactive Protein (CRP), and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) were measured at baseline and at the end of the study. </P><P> Results: Results showed that in the NAC group, the serum levels of MDA, NO, IL-6, TNF-&#945;, ESR and CRP were significantly lower than the baseline. Also, the serum level of TAC and TTG, as antioxidant parameters, increased significantly. However, only NO, MDA and TTG showed a significant difference in the NAC group as compared to the placebo group at the end of study. </P><P> Conclusion: According to the results of this study, oral NAC can significantly reduce the several oxidative stress factors and inflammatory cytokines. These results need to be confirmed in larger studies while considering clinical outcomes of RA patients.</P>

scholarly journals Role of Anti-oxidants in the Treatment of Vitiligo

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Sudha Agrawal ◽  
Tapan Kumar Dhali ◽  
Shankar Kumr Majhi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Antioxidant Supplementation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Introduction: The role of free radicals and oxidative damage in the pathophysiology of vitiligo has been documented in recent studies. Antioxidant supplementation has been reported to be useful in the treatment of vitiligo. Objective: To evaluate the role of oral antioxidants supplementation therapy in the treatment of vitiligo by assessing the onset of repigmentation and oxidative stress. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 cases of vitiligo randomized into two groups: antioxidant and placebo comprising 40 patients each and were followed up for 8 weeks for the assessment of onset of repigmentation of vitiliginous lesions as primary outcome.  The activities of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Vitamin C, and Vitamin E in serum and of Catalase (CAT) in erythrocytes of patients at baseline and at end of eight weeks were also assessed by using the spectrophotometric assay. Results: The onset of repigmentation was noted significantly earlier among the anti-oxidant group as compared to the placebo group (p=0.015). At the baseline, between the two groups, no significant difference was found in the different biochemical parameters. However, at the end of 2 months the level of MDA (p<0.001) was found to be significantly lower and that of Vitamin E (p<0.001) and CAT (p=0.005) was significantly higher among the anti-oxidants group as compared to the placebo group. Conclusion: Antioxidant supplementation carried a better response in terms of early onset of repigmentation and significant decrease in the oxidative stress, in the short follow up of two months.

scholarly journals ISCHEMIA MODIFIED ALBUMIN LEVELS AND INCREASED OXIDATIVE STRESS IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE MYELOMA / NIVOI ALBUMINA MODIFIKOVANOG ISHEMIJOM I POVI[ENI OKSIDANTNI STRES KOD PACIJENATA SA MULTIPLIM MIJELOMOM

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamit Yasar Ellidag ◽  
Esin Eren ◽  
Necat Yilmaz ◽  
Asli Bayindir
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Ischemia Modified Albumin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Oxidant Status ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Summary Background: Impaired oxidative/antioxidative balance plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of the novel marker ischemia modified albumin (IMA) and albumin adjusted-IMA (Adj-IMA) in patients with multi- ple myeloma (MM) as well as its association with total antiox- idant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI). Methods: Forty patients with MM (18 females, 22 males; mean age 67.55±8.39 years) and forty age/sex-matched healthy persons (19 females, 21 males; mean age 66.37 ± 6.76 years) were included in this study. Serum levels of IMA, TAS, TOS were analyzed and Adj-IMA and OSI was calcu- lated. Results: Serum IMA, TOS and OSI levels were significantly higher in patients with MM compared to controls (p<0.001 all parameters). There was no significant difference for serum albumin-adjusted IMA and TAS levels between groups (p=0.83 and p=0.17 respectively). Conclusions: In this study, an impaired oxidative/antioxidant status in favor of oxidative stress was found in MM patients. This observation was not confirmed by Adj-IMA calculation. Further studies are needed to establish the relationship of IMA and oxidative stress parameters in multiple myeloma and their relationship to MM and other cancers.

scholarly journals Protective effects of ethanolic extract of Alhagi maurorum roots on renal failure induced by acetaminophen in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Seham I AL-Nafea ◽  
Mohammed O Aljahdali
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Protective Actions ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The protective actions of ethanol Alhagi maurorum (AM) root ethanol extract on acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress and renal toxicity in mice was evaluated. Forty male SWR strain albino mice aged 8 weeks were grouped into five groups. G1 (n=5): as control. G2 (n=5): administered orally a single dose of acetaminophen (2000mg/kg). G3 (n=10) administrated orally 200 mg/kg of roots ethanol extract for one week then acetaminophen as G2 at 8th day and; G4 (n=10) administrated orally 400 mg/kg of roots ethanol extract for one week then acetaminophen as G2 at 8th day; G5 (n=10) administrated orally 600 mg/kg of roots ethanol extract for one week then acetaminophen as G2 at 8th day. At end of experiments, the mice were killed under anesthesia and blood samples were gathered to preform complete blood test (CBC), serum levels of urea and creatinine and oxidative stress biomarkers as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT) using available Elisa mice kits. Kidneys were removed and histologically examined. Acetaminophen intake significantly elevated WBCs, neutrophils, monocytes, urea and creatinine levels and significantly decreased RBCs, hemoglobin, hematocrit, GSH, SOD and CAT (P <0.05). Treatment with Alhagi maurorum roots extract especially high dose (600 mg/kg) resulted in decreased in WBCs, neutrophils, monocytes, urea and creatinine levels and significantly increased RBCs, hemoglobin, hematocrit, GSH, SOD and CATversusacetaminophen group. Alhagi maurorum root extract treatment similarly decreased renal histological alteration induced by acetaminophen. This study can be utilized as prove of reading that Alhagi maurorum ethanol root extract especially high dose might be administered to prevent renal destruction induced by acetaminophen due to its antioxidant activity

scholarly journals Changes of Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Dogs with Different Stages of Heart Failure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Peres RUBIO ◽  
Ahmet SARIL ◽  
Meriç KOCATURK ◽  
Ryou TANAKA ◽  
Jorgen KOCH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Background: Heart failure (HF) has been associated with changes in inflammatory and oxidative-stress biomarkers. This study aimed to evaluate the changes of a panel of inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarker in dogs with different stages of HF and its relation with the severity of the disease and the echocardiographic changes. Dogs with HF as a result of myxomatous mitral valve degeneration or dilated cardiomyopathy were included. A total of 29 dogs were classified as stage-A (healthy), B (asymptomatic dogs), C (symptomatic dogs) and D (dogs with end-stage-HF) according to the ACVIM-staging-system. Serum cytokines, and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers were evaluated.Results: KC-like as an inflammatory cytokine was significantly increased in dogs of stage-C (P < 0.01) and -D (P < 0.05) compared with stage-A and -B. Stage-D Dogs showed significantly higher serum CRP and Hp (P < 0.05) but lower serum anti-oxidant capacity (PON1, TEAC, CUPRAC, and thiol) compared to stage-A and -B (P < 0.05). After the treatment, serum levels of CRP, Hp and KC-like decreased but serum anti-oxidant levels increased compared to their pre-treatment values. Left ventricular dimension and LA/Ao ratio correlated positively with CRP, MCP-1, and KC-like but negatively with PON1, GM-CSF, IL-7 and antioxidant biomarkers (P < 0.01).Conclusion: our results indicated that dogs with advanced-stages of HF show increases in positive acute-phase proteins and selected inflammatory cytokines (KC-like), and decreases in antioxidant biomarkers, indicating that inflammation and oxidative-stress act as collaborative partners in the pathogenesis of HF. KC-like may be a more useful parameter to monitor disease progression and treatment efficacy of dogs with severe-HF.

Determination of Cytokines and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Cognitive Impairment Induced by Methylmalonic Acidemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-186
Author(s):  
Qiliang Li ◽  
Hong Jin ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Yu Rong ◽  
Tana Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Methylmalonic Acid ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Iq Scores ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is the most common organic acidemia in children. Many patients with MMA suffered from cognitive impairments. The aim of this study was to identify the significance of cytokines and oxidative stress biomarkers in MMA-induced cognitive impairment. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We enrolled 64 children with combined MMA and homocystinuria and 64 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. Participants were subsequently classified as with or without cognitive impairments using a uniform neuropsychological assessment test. Serum samples were collected. The serum levels of cytokines and oxidative stress biomarkers were measured using the ELISA or chemical methods. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Compared to control group, the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) in the MMA patients increased markedly (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05); glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) decreased obviously (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01). The levels of IL-6, TNF-α, NO, and MDA in the serum were negatively associated with DQ or IQ scores. The levels of GSH and SOD in the serum were positively correlated with DQ or IQ scores. After receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, NO was the most useful individual marker for distinguishing the cognitive dysfunction, corresponding to the area under ROC curve (AUC) of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.74–0.91), sensitivity of 76.60%, and specificity of 80.25%. GSH and MDA were also useful for diagnosis of MMA-induced cognitive dysfunction, corresponding to the AUC of 0.80 (95% CI, 0.70–0.89), and 0.73 (95% CI, 0.63–0.82), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of GSH were 72.34 and 80.25%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of MDA were 85.11 and 51.85%, respectively. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The high-concentration methylmalonic acid in the blood induced immune cells to release pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6. These cytokines and high-concentration methylmalonic acid stimulated the immune cells to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). The serum methylmalonic acid, cytokines, ROS, and RNS were across the blood-brain barrier and induced cognitive impairment. The small molecule substances such as serum NO, MDA, and GSH participated in the process of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress injury induced by MMA and could be useful for distinguishing the cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals Serum Levels of Stress Hormones and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers Differ according to Sasang Constitutional Type

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeong Geug Kim ◽  
Yoon Jung Kim ◽  
Yo Chan Ahn ◽  
Chang Gue Son
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stress Hormones ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Constitutional Type ◽  
Sasang Constitutional Types ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Better Than

Objectives.This study investigated whether Sasang constitutional type is associated with differences in the serum levels of stress hormones and oxidative stress.Methods.A total of 236 participants (77 males and 159 females) were enrolled. The serum levels of cortisol, adrenaline, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were analyzed.Results.The distribution of Sasang constitutional types was as follows: Taeumin, 35.6%; Soumin, 33.0%; and Soyangin, 31.4%. The serum cortisol levels of Taeumin were significantly lower than Soumin (p<0.1in both sexes) and Soyangin (p<0.05in males andp<0.1in females). The adrenaline levels were also significantly lower in Taeumin than in Soumin (p<0.05in males andp<0.1in females) and Soyangin (p<0.1in males). Serum ROS levels were significantly higher in Soyangin than in Taeumin and Soumin (p<0.05in males), whereas MDA levels were significantly lower in Taeumin compared with Soumin and Soyangin (p<0.05in males andp<0.1in females).Conclusion.Taeumin type may tolerate psychological or oxidative stress better than other types, which suggests a biological mechanism to explain the different pathophysiological features of Sasang constitutional types.

scholarly journals Changes of inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in dogs with different stages of heart failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Peres Rubio ◽  
Ahmet Saril ◽  
Meriç Kocaturk ◽  
Ryou Tanaka ◽  
Jorgen Koch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Background Heart failure (HF) is associated with changes in inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers. This study aimed to evaluate the changes of a panel of inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in dogs with different stages of HF and its relation with the severity of the disease and echocardiographic changes. A total of 29 dogs with HF as a result of myxomatous mitral valve degeneration or dilated cardiomyopathy were included and classified as stage-A (healthy), B (asymptomatic dogs), C (symptomatic dogs) and D (dogs with end-stage HF) according to the ACVIM staging system. In these dogs an ecnhocardiographic examination was performed and cytokines, and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers were evaluated in serum. Results KC-like was significantly increased in dogs of stage-C (P < 0.01) and -D (P < 0.05) compared with stage-A and -B. Stage-D dogs showed significantly higher serum CRP and Hp (P < 0.05) but lower serum antioxidant capacity (PON1, TEAC, CUPRAC, and thiol) compared to stage-A and -B (P < 0.05). After the treatment, serum levels of CRP, Hp and KC-like decreased and serum antioxidant levels increased compared to their pre-treatment values. Left ventricular dimension and LA/Ao ratio correlated positively with CRP, MCP-1, and KC-like but negatively with PON1, GM-CSF, IL-7 and antioxidant biomarkers (P < 0.01). Conclusion Our results showed that dogs with advanced HF show increases in positive acute-phase proteins and selected inflammatory cytokines such as KC-like, and decreases in antioxidant biomarkers, indicating that inflammation and oxidative stress act as collaborative partners in the pathogenesis of HF. Some of these biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress could have the potential to be biomarkers to monitor the severity of the disease and the effect of treatment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of immunological, inflammatory, and oxidative stress biomarkers in gasoline station attendants

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Maria Moro ◽  
Elisa Sauer ◽  
Natália Brucker ◽  
Mariele Feiffer Charão ◽  
Bruna Gauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Gasoline Station ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gst Activity ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract Background Gasoline is a complex mixture of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, in which aromatic compounds, such as BTX (benzene, toluene, and xylene) feature as the main constituents. Simultaneous exposure to these aromatic hydrocarbons causes a significant impact on benzene toxicity. In order to detect early alterations caused in gasoline station attendants exposed to BTX compounds, immunological, inflammatory, and oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated. Methods A total of 66 male subjects participated in this study. The gasoline station attendants (GSA) group consisted of 38 gasoline station attendants from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The non-exposed group consisted of 28 subjects who were non-smokers and who had no history of occupational exposure. Environmental and biological monitoring of BTX exposure was performed using blood and urine. Results The GSA group showed increased BTX concentrations in relation to the non-exposed group (p < 0.001). The GSA group showed elevated protein carbonyl (PCO) levels and pro-inflammatory cytokines, decreased expression of CD80 and CD86 in monocytes, and reduced glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity compared to the non-exposed group (p < 0.05). BTX levels and trans,trans-muconic acid levels were positively correlated with pro-inflammatory cytokines and negatively correlated with interleukin-10 contents (p < 0.001). Increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were accompanied by increased PCO contents and decreased GST activity (p < 0.001). Furthermore, according to the multiple linear regression analysis, benzene exposure was the only factor that significantly contributed to the increased pro-inflammatory cytokines (p < 0.05). Conclusions Taken together, these findings show the influence of exposure to BTX compounds, especially benzene, on the immunological, inflammatory, and oxidative stress biomarkers evaluated. Furthermore, the data suggest the relationship among the evaluated biomarkers of effect, which could contribute to providing early signs of damage to biomolecules in subjects occupationally exposed to BTX compounds.

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