Research Progress on Pathogenesis of Obesity-Induced Insulin Resistance and Its Therapeutic Targets: PPARα/γ

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-184
Author(s):  
Zhigang Qi ◽  
Meilin Xie
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Research Progress

scholarly journals The Expression and Function of Circadian Rhythm Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Yanan Jiang ◽  
Xiuyun Shen ◽  
Moyondafoluwa Blessing Fasae ◽  
Fengnan Zhi ◽  
Lu Chai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Pathogenic Mechanism ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
And Function ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most common and lethal form of cancer worldwide. However, its diagnosis and treatment are still dissatisfactory, due to limitations in the understanding of its pathogenic mechanism. Therefore, it is important to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and identify novel therapeutic targets for HCC. Circadian rhythm-related genes control a variety of biological processes. These genes play pivotal roles in the initiation and progression of HCC and are potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. This review gives an update on the research progress of circadian rhythms, their effects on the initiation, progression, and prognosis of HCC, in a bid to provide new insights for the research and treatment of HCC.

scholarly journals Inflammation and Insulin Resistance as Risk Factors and Potential Therapeutic Targets for Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeles Vinuesa ◽  
Carlos Pomilio ◽  
Amal Gregosa ◽  
Melisa Bentivegna ◽  
Jessica Presa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Overnutrition and modern diets containing high proportions of saturated fat are among the major factors contributing to a low-grade state of inflammation, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. In the last decades, the global rise of type 2 diabetes and obesity prevalence has elicited a great interest in understanding how changes in metabolic function lead to an increased risk for premature brain aging and the development of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Cognitive impairment and decreased neurogenic capacity could be a consequence of metabolic disturbances. In these scenarios, the interplay between inflammation and insulin resistance could represent a potential therapeutic target to prevent or ameliorate neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment. The present review aims to provide an update on the impact of metabolic stress pathways on AD with a focus on inflammation and insulin resistance as risk factors and therapeutic targets.

scholarly journals Adipose tissue macrophages in aging-associated adipose tissue function

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bangchao Lu ◽  
Liang Huang ◽  
Juan Cao ◽  
Lingling Li ◽  
Wenhui Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Visceral Adiposity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Adipose Tissue Macrophages ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Abstract“Inflammaging” refers to the chronic, low-grade inflammation that characterizes aging. Aging, like obesity, is associated with visceral adiposity and insulin resistance. Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) have played a major role in obesity-associated inflammation and insulin resistance. Macrophages are elevated in adipose tissue in aging. However, the changes and also possibly functions of ATMs in aging and aging-related diseases are unclear. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in research on the role of adipose tissue macrophages with aging-associated insulin resistance and discuss their potential therapeutic targets for preventing and treating aging and aging-related diseases.

scholarly journals Network pharmacology-based strategy to investigate pharmacological mechanisms of Ginkgo Biloba Extract for Aging

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfei Liu ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
Wantong Zhang ◽  
Mingyue Sun ◽  
Weiliang Weng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba Extract ◽  
Network Pharmacology ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Pathway Enrichment ◽  
Main Components

Abstract Background Aging represents the main risk factor for a number of debilitating diseases and contributes to increase in mortality. Previous studies have shown that ginkgo biloba extract (EGb) can prevent and treat aging-related diseases, but its pharmacological effects need to be further clarified. In this study, we proposed a network pharmacology-based method to identify the therapeutic pathways of EGb for aging.Methods The active components of EGb and targets of sample chemicals were obtained from TCMSP database. Aging-related genes were obtained by retrieving the Human Ageing Genomic Resources database and the JenAge Ageing Factor Database. Then, a network containing the interactions between the putative targets of EGb and known therapeutic targets of aging was built, which was used to investigate pharmacological mechanisms of EGb for Aging.Results 24 active components, 154 targets of active components of EGb and 308 targets of aging were obtained. Network construction and pathway enrichment were carried out after data integration. The research found that flavonoids (quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol) and beta-sitosterol might be the main active component of EGb. The top eight candidate targets, including PTGS2, PPARG, DPP4, GSK3B, CCNA2, AR, MAPK14, ESR1, were chosen as EGb’s main therapeutic targets. The results of pathway enrichment participated in various pathways associated with inhibiting oxidative stress, inhibiting inflammation, ameliorating insulin resistance and regulating cellular biological processes, etc. Molecular docking results showed that PPARG had better binding capacity with beta-sitosterol and PTGS2 had better binding capacity with kaempferol and quercetin.Conclusions The main components of EGb might act on multiple targets, such as PTGS2, PPARG, DPP4, GSK3B, etc., to regulate multiple pathways and played an anti- aging role by inhibiting oxidative stress, inhibiting inflammation, ameliorating insulin resistance.

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