Beneficial Effects of Melatonin and Atorvastatin on Retinopathy in Streptozocin-induced Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-403
Author(s):  
Mansoor Shahriari ◽  
Saeed Mehrzadi ◽  
Masood Naseripour ◽  
Iman Fatemi ◽  
Azam Hosseinzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Treatment ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Vascular Congestion ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
Group Control ◽  
Group Control Group

Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of Atorvastatin (ATO) plus Melatonin (MEL) on streptozocin-induced Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) in rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced in Wistar rats with an intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin (50 mg/kg). Animals were randomly assigned to one of the following groups (8 rats/group): Control group, Diabetic group, Diabetic + MEL group (20 mg/kg/day), Diabetic + ATO group (10 mg/kg/day), Diabetic + MEL + ATO group (as above). Treatments were started one week after induction of diabetes and continued for 7 weeks. At the end of the experiment, angiography was performed and the rats were killed and retinas were harvested for pathological and molecular examinations. Results: Administration of MEL reduced the fluorescein leakage, MDA and ROS levels compared to diabetic group. Treatment with ATO only reduced ROS levels compared to diabetic group. In addition, administration of ATO plus MEL decreased these indices compared to the diabetic and ATO groups. Histologically, retinal vascular congestion was not observed in the combined ATO and MEL group as compared to the diabetic, ATO, and MEL groups. Conclusion: These data provide evidence for the therapeutic value of MEL in combination with ATO in clinical practice for prevention of DR.

scholarly journals The Teratogenic Mechanism of Echinochrome as a Hypoglycemic Agent on Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Ayman S. Mohamed ◽  
Eman Y. Salah EL Din ◽  
Neveen A. Farag ◽  
Abdel Rahman A. Tawfik
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Teratogenic Effects ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agent ◽  
Group Control ◽  
Group Control Group

Background: Echinochrome (Ech) is the active ingredient in the Histochrome drug, which possesses strong antioxidant, hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic activity. Objective: The present work aimed to characterize the malformations induced by moderate and high dose of Ech during pregnancy. Methods: In this study, eighteen (18) female pregnant rats were assigned into 3 groups (6 rats/ group); control group, low dose Ech (0.1 mg/kg) and high dose Ech (1 mg/kg). Results: The high dose of Ech caused a significant decrease in the number of embryos, uteri weight, body weight gain, placenta weight, and embryo weight and length. Also, the high dose led to a significant increase in serum AST, ALT, ALP, urea and uric acid of mothers. Conclusion: Our findings revealed the first teratogenic effects of high dose Ech. The teratogenic mechanism of Ech works through induction of the hypoglycemic condition in pregnant rats.

Fetal myocardial hypertrophy in an experimental model of gestational diabetes

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 609-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honório S. Menezes ◽  
Marinez Barra ◽  
André R. Belló ◽  
Cristiano B. Martins ◽  
Paulo Zielinsky
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Ventricular Septum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Nuclear Area ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

Introduction: The frequent occurrence of prenatal hypertrophy of the muscular ventricular septum has been widely reported in fetuses of diabetic mothers. Objectives: This experimental study was carried out to test the hypothesis that the weight of the heart, the ratio of the cardiac weight to that of the body, the thickness of the muscular ventricular septum, and the myocytic profile within the ventricular septum are all increased in fetuses of diabetic rats in comparison to fetuses of normal rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced in 5 pregnant Wistar rats, bearing 30 fetuses, on the eighth day after conception, by intraperitoneal injection of 50mg/kg of streptozotocin. Five normal pregnant Wistar rats, bearing 20 fetuses, made up the control group. Morphometric data were obtained by a computer-assisted method applied to the measurements of the thickness of the ventricular septum, and myocytic nuclear area. Statistical analysis utilized Student's t-test and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The mean thickness of the septum was 675.56 μm (± 159) in the control fetuses, and 904.39 μm (± 262) in the fetuses carried by diabetic mothers (p < 0.001). The cardiac weight was 0.016 g (± 0.004) in the control group, and 0.023 g (± 0.005) in the group of diabetic fetuses (p < 0.001). The ratio of cardiac to body weight was 0.294% (± 0.079) in the control group, and 0.514% (± 0.073) in the diabetic group (p < 0.001). The myocytic nuclear area was 14.70 μm2 in the control group, and 21.43 μm2 in the diabetic group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The presence of cellular and morphologic cardiac hypertrophy in fetuses of diabetic rats was demonstrated by the significant difference between the two groups for each analyzed feature.

scholarly journals Effects of Andiroba oil (Carapa guianensis) on wound healing in alloxan-diabetic rats

10.3823/2533 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Angelina Alves de Souza ◽  
Leandro Augusto Braga ◽  
Luiz Renato Oliveira Lopes ◽  
Rubens Fernando Gonçalves Ribeiro Júnior ◽  
Laiane Nazaré Silva Do Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Sham Group ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wound Treatment ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Carapa Guianensis

Purpose: To evaluate wound healing in diabetic rats by using topic Andiroba oil (Carapa guianensis). Methods: Six male, adult, Wistar rats were distributed into three groups: Sham group (wound treatment with distilled water); Collagenase group (treatment with collagenase ointment); and Andiroba group (wound treatment with Andiroba oil). The wound was evaluated considering the macroscopic and microscopic parameters. Results: The results indicated differences in the healing of incisional wounds between treatments when compared to control group. Accelerated wound healing was observed in the group treated with Andiroba oil and Collagenase in comparison to control group, especially after the 14th day. Morphometric data confirmed the structural findings. Conclusion: There was significant effect in topical application of Andiroba oil on wound healing in rats with induced diabetes.   Keywords: Medicinal plants. Diabetes Mellitus. Wound healing. Rats.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Bcl-2 Family Gene Expression and Caspase-3 Activity in Hippocampus STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iraj Jafari Anarkooli ◽  
Mojtaba Sankian ◽  
Shahriar Ahmadpour ◽  
Abdol-ReZa Varasteh ◽  
Hossein Haghir
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Hippocampal Region ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Family Gene

We assessed the expression of Bcl-2 family members at both mRNA and protein levels as well as the Caspase-3 activity, in order to investigate the occurrence of apoptosis in hippocampus of STZ-induced diabetic rats. We selected twenty-four Wistar rats; half of them were made diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of a single 60 mg/kg dose of streptozotocin (STZ, IP), while the others received normal saline and served as controls. The expressions of Bcl-2,Bcl-xL, and Bax mRNA and proteins were measured using RT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. Caspases-3 activity was determined by using the Caspase-3/CPP32 Fluorometric Assay Kit. The result showed that mRNA and protein levels of Bcl-2 andBcl-xLwere lower in hippocampus of diabetic group than that of the control group, whereas expressions of Bax in hippocampus of diabetic rats were higher than that of controls at both mRNA and protein levels (P<.01). Hyperglycemia was found to raise 6.9-fold hippocampal caspase-3 activity in diabetic group compared with control group (P<.001). Therefore, the induction of diabetes is associated with increased ratios of Bax/Bcl-2, Bax/Bcl-xL, and increased caspase-3 activity in hippocampus which shows that apoptosis is favored in hippocampal region.

scholarly journals Regression of gestational diabetes induced cardiomegaly in offspring of diabetic rat

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honório Sampaio Menezes ◽  
Cláudio Galeano Zettler ◽  
Alice Calone ◽  
Jackson Borges Corrêa ◽  
Carla Bartuscheck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Levene Test

PURPOSE: To compare body weight and length, heart weight and length, heart-to-body weight ratio, glycemia, and morphometric cellular data of offspring of diabetic rats (ODR) and of normal rats (control). METHODS: Diabetes was induced in 3 pregnant Wistar rats, bearing 30 rats, on the 11th day after conception by intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg of streptozotocin. Six normal pregnant Wistar rats, bearing 50 rats, made up the control group. Morphometric data were obtained using a scale for the weight, length, heart and body measurements. Morphometric cellular data were obtained by a computer assisted method applied to the measurements of myocytes. Statistical analysis utilized Student's t-test, ANOVA and Levene test. RESULTS: Control offspring had greater mean body weight and length than offspring of diabetic rats (p < 0.001). Heart weight and length and heart-to-body ratios of newborn rats differed between groups at birth (p < 0.001), but showed no difference at 21 days. Mean nuclei area and perimetric value of the myocytes decrees throughout the first 21 days of life (p < 0.01) in the diabetic group. CONCLUSIONS: Heart hypertrophy on the offspring of diabetic rats at birth was demonstrated by the significant difference between the groups. After the eleventh day, no difference was found, which confirmed regression of cardiomegaly. The significant difference between the first and the 21th day of life, for nuclei area feature, demonstrate regression of cardiac hypertrophy in the offspring of diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Kepatuhan Pengobatan Hipertensi melalui Konseling Berbasis Humanistik

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Ivan Khidlir ◽  
Husnul Khotimah ◽  
Bagus Supriyadi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Group Control ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Orang dengan hipertensi wajib patuh dalam pengobatan hipertensi agar terhindar dari komplikasi yaitu kerusakan pada ginjal, jantung, dan otak. Tujuan penelitian ini melalui konseling berbasis humanistik adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatkan kepatuhan pengobatan hipertensi melalui konseling berbasis humanistik. Metode penelitian ini jenis kuantitatif yaitu Quasi Experimental Design bentuk Nonequivalent Control Group Design dengan 50 sample responden, 25 kelompok kontrol dan 25 kelompok perlakuan. Waktu penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan April sampai dengan Mei tahun 2019 di posyandu lansia nuri I Desa Sumber Kemuning Kecamatan Tamanan Kabupaten Bondowoso. Penelitian eksperimen dengan uji wilcoxon signed rank testpre-test. Didapatkan pada kelompok kontrol p-value = 0,257 > 0,05 dan pada kelompok perlakuan p-value = 0,001 < 0,05.  Uji mann-whitney nilai p-value = 0,018. Kesimpulan: pemberian konseling menggunakan metode berbasis humanistik yang dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan pengobatan hipertensi sehingga tidak terjadi komplikasi akibat hipertensi.   Kata kunci : hipertensi, humanistik, kepatuhan, konseling   EFFECTIVENESS OF GIVING COUNSELING BASED ON HUMANISTIC AND COUNSELING WITHOUT APPROACH TOWARD OBEDIENCE OF MEDICAL HYPERTENSION   ABSTRACT People with hypertension are required to comply with they hypertension treatment, in order to be saved from complication. There are kidney, hearth disease, and brain. The purpose of this study is effort to know effectiveness of giving counseling based on humanistic and counseling without approach toward obedience of medical hypertension. This research method is quantities type, namely quasi experimental design. There is non equivalent control group design with 50 sample respondence, 25 of group control and 25 of group treatment. This research do in april till may 2019 in elderly posyandu nuri I Sumber Kemuning village Tamanan sub district in Bondowoso regency. Research experimental with test of Wilcoxon signed rank test pre-test, available in group control p-value = 0.257 > 0.05 and in group experiment p-value = 0.001 < 0.05 test of mann-whitney nilai p-value = 0.018. The result is there is a differences of effectiveness that significant toward giving counseling based on humanistic with giving counseling without approach. Hopefully to the medical officially to use counseling method based on humanistic. So that can increase the obedience of medical hypertension. So the obedience of medical hypertension can increase and nothing complication caused by hypertension. Keywords: counceling, humanistic, hypertension, obedience

scholarly journals Diabetes mellitus increased integrins gene expression in rat endometrium at the time of embryo implantation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Bakhteyari ◽  
Yasaman Zarrin ◽  
Parvaneh Nikpour ◽  
Zeinab Sadat Hosseiny ◽  
Zeinab Sadat Hosseiny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle

Background: Diabetes mellitus deeply changes the genes expression of integrin (Itg) subunits in several cells and tissues such as monocytes, arterial endothelium, kidney glomerular cells, retina. Furthermore, hyperglycemia could impress and reduce the rate of successful assisted as well as non-assisted pregnancy. Endometrium undergoes thorough changes in normal menstrual cycle and the question is: What happens in the endometrium under diabetic condition? Objective: The aim of the current study was to investigate the endometrial gene expression of α3, α4, αv, Itg β1 and β3 subunits in diabetic rat models at the time of embryo implantation. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, diabetic group, pioglitazone-treated group, and metformin-treated group. Real-time PCR was performed to determine changes in the expression of Itg α3, α4, αv, β1, and β3 genes in rat’s endometrium. Results: The expression of all Itg subunits increased significantly in diabetic rats’ endometrium compared with control group. Treatment with pioglitazone significantly reduced the level of Itg subunits gene expression compared with diabetic rats. While metformin had a different effect on α3 and α4 and elevated these two subunits gene expression. Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus significantly increased the expression of studied Itg subunits, therefore untreated diabetes could be potentially assumed as one of the preliminary elements in embryo implantation failure.

scholarly journals Effects of l-Carnitine on the Follicle-Stimulating Hormone, Luteinizing Hormone, Testosterone, and Testicular Tissue Oxidative Stress Levels in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 2515690X1879605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nourollah Rezaei ◽  
Tahereh Mardanshahi ◽  
Majid Malekzadeh Shafaroudi ◽  
Saeed Abedian ◽  
Hamid Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Group I ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

The present study was designed to investigate the antioxidant property of l-carnitine (LC) on serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (TH) and testis oxidative stress in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The rats were divided into the following groups: group I, control; group II, LC 100 mg/kg/d; group III, diabetic; and groups IV to VI, diabetic rats treated with 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/d of LC, respectively. Daily injections were given intraperitoneally for 7 weeks. At the end of experimental period, after sacrificing the rats, FSH, LH, TH, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), mitochondrial function (MTT), protein carbonyl (PC), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured. STZ caused an elevation of MDA, ROS, and PC ( P < .001) with reduction of GSH, CAT, TAC, and MTT ( P < .001) in the serum levels. Group VI had significantly increased FSH, LH, and TH levels versus the untreated diabetic group ( P < .001). Although groups V and VI significantly decreased MDA ( P < .001), PC ( P < .01), and ROS ( P < .01) compared with the untreated diabetic group; only in group VI, the activity of GSH ( P < .001), CAT ( P < .01), TAC ( P < .001), and MTT ( P < .001) significantly increased. The results of the present study suggest that LC decreased diabetes-induced oxidative stress complications and also improved serum level of FSH, LH, and TH by reducing levels of lipid peroxidation and increasing antioxidant enzymes.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT IN OXIDATIVE STRESS AFTER DUODENOJEJUNOSTOMY IN AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cacio Ricardo WIETZYCOSKI ◽  
João Caetano Dallegrave MARCHESINI ◽  
Sultan AL-THEMYAT ◽  
Fabiola Shons MEYER ◽  
Manoel Roberto Maciel TRINDADE
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Surgical Group

ABSTRACT Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a multifactorial syndrome with severe complications. Oxidative stress is accepted as a causal factor of chronic complications Aim: To demonstrate alterations in oxidative stress after metabolic surgery. Methods: Twenty-four 2-day-old Wistar rats were used. In 16, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus was induced by 100 mg/kg streptozotocin injection. The development of diabetes was confirmed after 10 weeks using an oral glucose tolerance test. Eight diabetic rats composed the diabetic surgical group; the remaining eight composed the diabetic group. Eight animals in which diabetes was not induced formed the clinical control group. The Marchesini technique was used in the diabetic surgical group. After 90 days, the rats were sacrificed, and the oxidative stress markers were measured. Results: Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, superoxide dismutase and catalase were significantly reduced in the diabetic surgical group compared to the diabetic group. Conclusion: The duodenojejunostomy was effective in controlling the exacerbated oxidative stress present in diabetic rats.

EFFECT OF DIPYRIDAMOLE + ASA ON THE RETINE VASCULAR PATTERN OF ESTREPTOZOTOCIN-DIABETIC RATS

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Moreno ◽  
J P de la Cruz ◽  
J Garcia Campos ◽  
F Sanchez de la Cuesta
Keyword(s):  
Treated Group ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Pattern ◽  
Vascular Tree ◽  
Aorta Ring ◽  
Vascular Bed ◽  
Group 2

INTRODUCTIONWe have used an experimental model which allows the evaluation of the qualitative differences in the retinal vascular pattern by means of the labeling of the retine vascular tree with radish peroxidase (HRP) in estreptozotocin-diabetic rats. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of ASA and DIP + ASA on the vessels platelet behaviour of said retine pattern in a group of rats in t-hich the diabetes had 3 months of evolution.PROCEDURE22 Wistar male rats were divided into A groups; 1) control group, 2) diabetic rats without antiaggregant, 3) dietetic rats treated with 6 mg/day ASA p.o., 4) diabetic rats treated with 6 mg/day ASA +12 mg/day DIP p.o. For inducing diabetes 30 mg/Kg of i.v. estreptozotocine were administered. The animals were considered “diabetic” when glucemia was over 200 mg/100 ml. After 3 months of treatment with 4IU insuline and ASA, or ASA + DIP, the animals were sacrified. Samples of blood and rings of descending aorta were extracted. Platelet aggregation in IJB in front of 1 μg/ml of collagen and the prostacycline-like activity of the aorta ring were evaluated. The configuration of the retine vascular tree labeled with HRP was observed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONSMaximal aggregation intensity: 11.1 Ω in the control group,10.9Ω in the diabetic non-treated group, 4.8Ω in rats receiving ASA and 4.6Ω in rats treated with DIP + ASA. The incUbation during 10 min. of aorta rings in blood samples produced 38.7% inhibition in the control group, 12.8% in the non treated-diabetic group 0% in the ASA group and 49.3% in the group treated with DIP + ASA.The qualitative changes in the diabetic rats retinal vascular network non treated with antiaggregants showed a scarce visibility of capillars as well as large zones of tortuous vessels. The rats treated with ASA showed a continuous vascular bed and less tortuous vessels than the ones in the non treated group but the vascular diameters were smaller than the ones observed in non-diabetic rats; the rats treated with DIP + ASA showed a continuous vascular bed, scarce tortuous vessels and vascular diameters similar to the ones found in non-diabetic rats. Mortality rates: 0% in the control group, 50% in the non-treated diabetic group, 16% in the ASA group and 0% in the DIP + ASA group. The administration of DIP + ASA normalized the prostacycline-like activity and the retinal vascular pattern in estreptozotocin-diabetic rats.

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