High Throughput Study for Molecular Mechanism of Metformin PreDiabetic Protection via Microarray Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Y. Alrawashdeh ◽  
Mohammad A. AL Shhab ◽  
Malek A. Zihlif
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
P Value ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background:: Metformin is a biguanide that exhibits an antidiabetic, anticarcinogenic and anti-inflammatory properties. Despite well-known pancreatic protective effects, metformin's influence on pancreatic islet β-cell is yet considerably unknown. Protecting the functional insulin-producing β-cells in the pancreas is a key therapeutic challenge in patients with type 1 (T1DM) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Objective:: Current study aimed to analyze the protective effects of metformin on streptozocin-induced diabetic rats in T1DM in hepatic tissues. Methods: : In the present study, male wistar rats (n=24) were randomly assigned into 2 groups (n=12 for each control and test) by which metformin (100 mg/kg/day) were given for 7 weeks. Afterwards, diabetes was induced by streptozocin (STZ) at a single dose of (150 mg/kg). Blood glucose was daily examined before and after STZ induction. The animals were euthanized by cervical dislocation 5 days after streptozocin injection, after which liver and pancreas were harvested from each rat. Results: : The biochemical analyses revealed that metformin resulted in significantly reduced plasma glucose levels and higher pancreatic insulin levels in the test group. Using a restrictive cut-off of at least 2-FC and an adjusted p-value (qvalue) of ≤0.05 a sum of 747 genes for the metformin group were shown to be differentially regulated compared to controls (320 Down and 427 Up), by which they were obtained from the liver. Furthermore, evidence is attained that metformin may hinder the loss of critical β-cells by reducing inflammatory and apoptosis signaling, promoting fatty acid β-oxidation and inducing metabolism. Conclusion: : Collectively, this study has demonstrated a decrease in blood glucose levels and a rise in insulin-levels and thus a consequent prophylactic effects in metformin-given STZ-induced diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Assessment on Functionality and Viability of β cells Following Repetitive Dosage Administration of Ethanolic Extracts of Andrographis paniculata on Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Razak K ◽  
Mariam A ◽  
Amirin S ◽  
Mohd Zaini A
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Before And After

Introduction: The study was done at the aim to assess the functionality and viability of the β cells of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats model following repetitive dosage of administration of ethanolic extracts of Andrographis paniculata. Materials and Methods: The diabetic rats were treated with the extracts for fourteen days and at the dose given was 500 mg/kg twice daily. The assessments were made on fasting blood glucose, insulin, and immunohistochemical aspect of β cells before and after treatment. Results: The results showed that there was a significant reduction on fasting blood glucose levels in metformin, 95% and 50% ethanolic plant extracts-treated groups but on insulin level only 95% and 50% ethanolic extracts-treated groups gave a significant reduction (p<0.05). Immunohistochemical assessments revealed that all extract groups and metformin-treated were significantly increased in the population of β cells (p<0.01). Conclusion: This study revealed that the plant extracts showed an ability to promote the growth or rejuvenate the STZdestructed β cells and in turn lower the blood glucose level.

scholarly journals Influence of Nutrition Education with Calendar Method in Diabetic Patients' Blood Glucose

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Setyoadi Setyoadi ◽  
Heri Kristianto ◽  
Siti Nur Afifah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Before And After

Diabetes mellitus is a disease that required good self-management. Noncompliance in diet and meal plans cause the instability of blood glucose levels. Nutrition education calendar method can improve knowledge and ability to consume food that matches the number, hours and types with dietary adjustments listed in the calendar diet. This study aimed to determine the effect of nutrition education calendar method on blood glucose levels of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Community Health Center Pakis Malang. Pre-experimental design one group pretest-posttest with purposive sampling was conducted in this study and sample obtained as many as 21 people. Blood glucose levels were measured before and after the nutrition education calendar methods. Compliance in using calendar method with the observation sheet. Statistical analysis values obtained by Wilcoxon, the p-value of 0.007 (p <0.05). The results of the analysis, 16 respondents showed a decrease in blood glucose levels and 5 respondents experienced an increase in blood glucose levels after the given intervention. It can be concluded that there are differences between blood glucose levels before and after nutrition education calendar method. Differences in blood glucose levels can be influenced by controlling diet respondent in accordance with the calendar method in education, but also antidiabetic drugs, and sports. Should be added to the control group to determine objectively the effect of nutrition education on the calendar method.

Blood Glucose Lowering Effect by an Extract from Aronia (Aronia melanocarpa) – a pilot intervention study

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Berger ◽  
Johanna Josefine Ostberg-Potthoff ◽  
Tamara Bakuradze ◽  
Peter Winterhalter ◽  
Elke Richling
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Red Grape ◽  
Pilot Intervention ◽  
Phenolic Extracts

Background: The polyphenols from red fruits exhibit protective effects against degenerative diseases, including diabetes mellitus type 2, cardiovascular disease, etc. Objective: In this small pilot intervention study with only ten volunteers, we investigated the influence of phenolic extracts prepared from an Aronia juice and a red grape juice concentrate on peripheral glucose, blood glucose, and insulin after the intake of a drink containing these extracts plus maltodextrin and water. Method: Maltodextrin in water served as control; additionally, phenolic extracts from Aronia or grape juice were added. Blood samples were taken before ingestion of the bolus drink and 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, and 360 min after. Additionally, continuously the peripheral glucose was measured using a commercially available sensor system. Results: In all ten volunteers, the intake of Aronia extract (100 mg) reduced both the peripheral glucose and the blood glucose levels significantly (p ≤ 0.05) in comparison to the control. Blood insulin levels were not affected. Whereas the intake of red grape extract (120 mg) did not reduce the glucose levels but increased the insulin levels significantly. Conclusion: Our pilot study showed that even low amounts of a phenolic Aronia extract could lower glucose absorption. Thus, due to the blood glucose-lowering effects of Aronia phenolics in healthy volunteers, these preliminary results warrant further investigation in the frame of a follow-up study with a larger number of volunteers.

scholarly journals ANTIDIABETIC EFFECT OF MIKANIA SCANDENS ON ALLOXAN-INDUCED RAT MODEL

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Rimashree Baishya ◽  
Anjan Adhikari ◽  
Sharmistha Biswas ◽  
Soma Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate

 Objective: The objective was to study the evaluation of antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of different doses ethanolic extract of Mikania scandens leaves.Methods: The rats were divided into five groups of six animals each (non-diabetic control, diabetic control, standard drug-treated, and plant treated groups (250 and 500 mg/kg body weight)). Diabetes was induced in the healthy male Wistar rats (150–200 g body weight, 4–6 weeks old) by the administration of alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg, i.p.). On the 0th, 3th, 7th, 11th, and 15th days, the blood samples were analyzed for blood glucose. The antioxidant and antidiabetic parameters were evaluated by standard protocol. The liver tissue was used for histopathological assessment of liver damage.Results: The ethanolic extract of leaves of M. scandens showed a significant reduction (p<0.001) in the blood glucose levels and the antioxidant levels, with 500 mg/kg of body weight in the alloxan-induced diabetic rats as compared to the controls. Histopathological studies provided evidence that the leaf extract possesses antidiabetic activity.Conclusions: The ethanolic extract of leaves of M. scandens showed potent antidiabetic and antioxidant abilities against alloxan-induced rats, which indicate the presence of hypoglycemic constituents in the plant.

scholarly journals Anti-hyperglycemic Effect of Torbangun (Coleus amboinicus Lour) Leaves Extract Through Liver and Muscle Glycogen Deposits in Streptozotocin-induced Hyperglycmic Sprague-Dawley Rats Model

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meilla Dwi Andrestian ◽  
Rizal Damanik ◽  
Faisal Anwar ◽  
Nancy Dewi Yuliana
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

The association of liver and muscle glycogen deposits with serum insulin levels, β-cells pancreas, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemic rats receiving Torbangun leaves extract (TE) investigated. The intervention performed on 25 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats divided into four groups. Seven rats separated as a normal group (N), and other rats injected with streptozotocin (STZ). Confirmation of hyperglycemic was characterized by fasting blood glucose >126 mg/dl. Treatment group which is NG (hyperglycemic rats); N (normal rats); H-IM (62.5 mg/kg BW metformin); and H-IT (620 mg/kg BW TE) for 14 days. This study revealed that TE significantly decreased FBG levels, increased insulin production, and the amount of liver glycogen deposits (a=0.01). However, the intervention did not significantly increase the amount of muscle glycogen deposits. TE administration improves β-cells, increases the liver and muscle glycogen deposits. TE was shown to have antihyperglycemic activity by improving the β-cell, increasing blood serum insulin levels, decreasing blood glucose levels, and increasing the liver glycogen deposits.

scholarly journals Influence of Ocimum sanctum (L.) Extract on the Activity of Gliclazide in Alloxan-induced Diabetes in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Tayyeba Ramzan ◽  
Bilal Aslam ◽  
Faqir Muhammad ◽  
Muhammad Naeem Faisal ◽  
Asif Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Glucose Levels

Ocimum sanctum L. is widely used as traditional remedy to manage hyperglycemia. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of aqueous-methanolic extract of O. sanctum leaves (OSE) on the anti-diabetic activity of gliclazide in alloxan-induced diabetes in Wistar rats. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneally injecting alloxan (120 mg/kg b.w.) in rats. Treatments including OSE (100 mg/kg b.w.), gliclazide (100 mg/kg b.w.), and in combination were given daily to diabetic rats till the 21st day of study. Body weight and fasting blood glucose levels were determined at regular intervals, while blood and organ samples were taken at the end of the study for biochemical and histopathological studies. Results showed that treatments exhibited anti-hyperglycemic activity through significantly (p [ 0.05) restoring body weight, fasting blood glucose level, and serum levels of glucose, insulin and HbA1c. The anti-lipidemic activity was noticed as total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-/low density-lipoproteins (HDL-C, LDL-C) levels were restored in treated diabetic rats. Ameliorative effects of treatments were observed as significant (p [ 0.05) reduction in serum levels of liver function biomarkers (alanine aminotransferase; ALT, aspartate aminotransferase; AST, alkaline phosphatase; ALP and bilirubin; BIL) and restoration of oxidative stress biomarkers (catalase; CAT, superoxide dismutase; SOD and malondialdehyde; MDA) in liver tissue. Histopathological findings supported these results as an increase in pancreatic islets size and protective effects on liver tissue was observed in diabetic rats treated with gliclazide and OSE alone and their combination. Conclusively, the combination of OSE and gliclazide produced a synergistic anti-diabetic effect as compared to that of alone treatment.

Therapeutic insights of hydromehtanolic leaf extract of Xanthium indi-cum and α-tocopherol in streptozotocin induced diabetic renal oxidative stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 158-166
Author(s):  
Anila Devi Meruva ◽  
Ravi Sahukari ◽  
Venkata Subbaiah Ganjikunta ◽  
Shanmugam Bhasha ◽  
Sathyavelu Reddy Kesireddy
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Mda Content

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the important microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. Several phytochemicals have been reported to show beneficial consequences in Xanthium indicum leaves and α-tocopherol is a well known antioxidant, putting a halt to the fatality of renal dysfunc-tions in DN. In the current study, seven groups of male albino rats six in each group, received the following treatment scheduled for 4 weeks: Normal control, Xanthium indicum, α-tocopherol, Diabetes control, Glibenclamaide treated diabetic, α-tocopherol treated diabetic and Xanthium treated diabetic. Evaluations were made for blood glucose levels, body weights, serum insulin levels, MDA content, creatintne in urine as well as in serum and the histopathological changes were monitored kidney tissues in all experimental rats. Blood glucose levels were significantly (***P<0.001) decreased whereas serum insulin levels and body weights were significantly (***P< 0.001) in-creased, MDA content, serum creatinine levels were significantly (***P< 0.01), (***P<0.001), decreased and urine creatinine levels were increased with the treatment of plant extract and α-tocopherol in diabetic rats. Overall, the findings of this study indicated that the hydromethanolic extract of X. indicum leaves and α-tocopherol possesses a potent capacity that attenuates the renal damage to minimize the deleterious effects of free radicals by maintaining renal hemodynamics in diabetic conditions probably through its antioxidative and hypoglycaemic activity.

scholarly journals Profil Antioksidan Darah Tikus Diabetes dengan Asupan Beras Merah yang Diperkaya Kappa-Karagenan dan Ekstrak Antosianin

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurhidajah Nurhidajah ◽  
Mary Astuti ◽  
Sardjono Sardjono ◽  
Agnes Murdiati
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Kappa Carrageenan ◽  
Plasma Antioxidant

This study aimed to analyze the effect of red rice enriched-kappa-carrageenan and anthocyanin extracts on blood antioxidant profile in diabetic rats. Variables analyzed in this research were blood glucose, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and plasma antioxidant by Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP) method. This study was conducted in vivo on male Wistar rats aged 2.5 months using completely randomized design. Rats divided into 6 groups based on types of feed, standard feed (normal and DM), red rice (BM), red rice enriched kappa-carrageenan (BMK), red rice enriched extracts of anthocyanin (BMA) and red rice enriched with kappa-carrageenan and extract anthocyanin (BMKA). Experiments were carried out for 6 weeks. Rats feed with red rice showed decreased in blood glucose levels from 234.26 to 84.78 mg/dL (p = 0.000), MDA diabetic group compared to BMKA 2.175 and 0.530 μmol/L (p = 0.000) respectively, and the rate of FRAP in DM and BMKA 69 and 216 nmol/mL (p = 0.000) respectively. This study showed that red rice enriched with kappa-carrageenan and anthocyanin extract was able to decrease blood glucose levels and increase plasma antioxidant of diabetic rats which characterized by decreased MDA value and increased FRAP value. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh pemberian beras merah yang diperkaya kappa-karagenan dan ekstrak antosianin terhadap profil antioksidan darah pada tikus Diabetes Melitus (DM). Indikator penelitian adalah penurunan glukosa darah dan angka Malondialdehid (MDA) serta peningkatan antioksidan plasma dengan metode Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP). Penelitian ini dilakukan secara in vivo pada hewan coba tikus Wistar usia 2,5 bulan dengan desain penelitian rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Tikus dibagi 6 kelompok pakan, yaitu standar negatif dan positif (normal dan DM), beras merah (BM), beras merah ditambah kappa-karagenan (BMK), beras merah ditambah ekstrak antosianin (BMA), dan beras merah ditambah kappa-karagenan dan ekstrak antosianin (BMKA). Percobaan dilakukan selama 6 minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelompok BMKA setelah intervensi terjadi penurunan kadar glukosa darah dari 234,26 menjadi 84,78 mg/dL (p = 0,000), MDA kelompok DM dibandingkan BMKA masingmasing 2,175 dan 0,530 μmol/L (p = 0,000) serta FRAP pada kelompok DM dan BMKA masing-masing 69 dan 216 nmol/mL (p = 0,000). Kesimpulannya adalah beras merah dengan pengkayaan kappa-karagenan dan ekstrak antosianin mampu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dan meningkatkan antioksidan plasma tikus diabetes yang ditandai dengan penurunan nilai MDA dan peningkatan nilai FRAP.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Senam Kaki terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah dan Nilai ABI Penderita DM

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
Efa Trisna ◽  
Musiana Musiana
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test

Riskesdas (2013), reported the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in Indonesia based on interviews showed an increase from 1.1 percent (2007) to 2.1 percent in 2013. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimates that DM patients in Indonesia in 2020 amount to 178 million people above 20 years and assuming DM prevalence of 4.6% will be obtained 8.2 million DM patients. Lampung Provincial Health Office Data (2015), DM patients in Lampung Province in 2015 totaled 26,791 people. This number increased compared to 2014 totaling 24,238 people, and in 2013 which amounted to 23,783 people. One of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus is a diabetic foot (diabetic foot), which can manifest as ulcer, infection, and gangrene and Charcot arthropathy. This study was to determine the effect of foot gymnastics on blood glucose levels and ABI values of DM patients. The research design was quasy-experimental with pre and post-test group design data collection. The number of respondents was 80 respondents consisting of 40 groups intervention and 40 control groups. Data were analyzed using T-test. The results were 0.008; 0.002; 0,000; and 0,000. There was a difference between blood glucose levels before and after the intervention. Suggestion for DM sufferers to be able to do foot exercises regularly 3 times a week to prevent blood control and prevent blood circulation disorders.

scholarly journals Effect of tamsulosin on blood glucose levels in euglycemic and alloxan induced diabetic rats and its interaction with glibenclamide

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1599
Author(s):  
Sumit Satpute ◽  
Rajan Nerurkar ◽  
Manish Kokne
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
T Test ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Increase Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background: To evaluate the effect of tamsulosin on blood glucose levels in euglycaemic rats and to investigate the effect of glibenclamide, tamsulosin and their combination on alloxan induced diabetic rats.Methods: Albino male wistar rats were randomly assigned into 6 groups (2 euglycaemic and 4 alloxan induced diabetic rats groups). In Euglycaemic rats either normal saline (0.5ml P.O) or tamsulosin (0.072mg/kg P.O) were given and blood glucose levels was estimated at 0 hr, 30min, 1hr, 2hr, 4hr on day 1 and at 0hr and 1hr on day 3 and day 7. Four groups of diabetic rats were given normal saline (0.5ml P.O), glibenclamide (5mg/kg P.O), tamsulosin (0.072mg/kg P.O), combination of glibenclamide and tamsulosin respectively and blood glucose levels were estimated on day 1, 3 and 7. Repeated measures ANOVA or paired ‘t ‘test were used for within group comparison and one way ANOVA or unpaired ‘t’ test were used for between group comparison.Results: In euglycaemic rats tamsulosin caused significant rise in blood glucose levels at 1 hr on all days and in diabetic rats tamsulosin itself did not cause any significant alteration in blood glucose levels. However, its combination with glibenclamide delayed the onset of hypoglycemic effect of glibenclamide & also reduced its hypoglycemic effect.Conclusions: Tamsulosin significantly increase blood glucose level in euglycaemic rats and it interact with Glibenclamide to reduce its hypoglycemic activity in diabetic rats.

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