Association between insulin resistance and cardinal rheological parameters in young healthy Japanese individuals during 75 g oral glucose tolerance test

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larasati Martha ◽  
Takao Kimura ◽  
Akihiro Yoshida ◽  
Katsuhiko Tsunekawa ◽  
Tomoyuki Aoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Rheological Parameters ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Insulinogenic Index ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Matsuda Index ◽  
Wbc Count

Background: Insulin resistance is a well-known predictor and risk factor for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Higher hematocrit induced by higher insulin resistance affects blood rheology. Objective: This study intended to reveal the association between indices of insulin resistance and hemorheological parameters during a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (75-g OGTT). Methods: A total of 575 healthy young Japanese participants took 75-g OGTT. We then analyzed the association between insulin resistance indices and hematological parameters. Results: The Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was significantly correlated with hematocrit (Ht), hemoglobin (Hb), Red Blood Cell (RBC), White Blood Cell (WBC), platelet count, lipid parameters, and Body Mass Index (BMI). The Matsuda index was negatively correlated with RBC count, WBC count, platelet count, Total Cholesterol (TC), Low-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and positively correlated with High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (HDL-C). The disposition index was negatively correlated with Hb, RBC count, LDL-C, and BMI, while remaining positively correlated with HDL-C. The Homeostasis Model Assessment of beta cell (HOMA- IR ) was positively correlated with WBC count, platelet count, TC, LDL-C, and TG. The insulinogenic index was positively correlated with WBC count, platelet count, and TC. Multiple regression analysis revealed that HOMA-IR was independently associated with TG, and the Matsuda index was independently associated with TG, WBC count, and platelet count. The insulinogenic index was independently associated with WBC count. Conclusion: Cardinal rheological parameters reflected insulin resistance and were released even in the young, healthy Japanese individuals within the physiological range of glycemic control.

scholarly journals Serum apoA1 (Apolipoprotein A-1), Insulin Resistance, and the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Human Pregnancy—Brief Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 2192-2197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Retnakaran ◽  
Chang Ye ◽  
Philip W. Connelly ◽  
Anthony J. Hanley ◽  
Mathew Sermer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Human Pregnancy ◽  
Matsuda Index ◽  
Β Cell Function

Objective: apoA1 (apolipoprotein A-1) is the main lipoprotein associated with HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol. It was recently reported that intravenous infusion of apoA1 could lower insulin resistance in pregnant rats, leading to the suggestion that apoA1 could provide a target for reducing pregnancy-induced insulin resistance and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in humans. However, the effects of apoA1 on insulin resistance and risk of GDM in human pregnancy are not known. Thus, we sought to systematically evaluate the relationships of apoA1 with glucose homeostasis and metabolic function in pregnant women. Approach and Results: In this study, 870 pregnant women were recruited in late second trimester and underwent metabolic characterization, including an oral glucose tolerance test on which 214 were diagnosed with GDM. Metabolic characterization included assessment of glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity/resistance (Matsuda index, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance), pancreatic β-cell function, lipids (LDL [low-density lipoprotein] cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, apoB [apolipoprotein B], and apoA1), CRP (C-reactive protein), and adiponectin. Serum apoA1 was strongly correlated with HDL (r=0.79, P <0.0001) and weakly so with adiponectin (r=0.12, P =0.0004) but showed no association with measures of insulin sensitivity/resistance, β-cell function, glycemia, or CRP. There were no significant differences across apoA1 tertiles in mean adjusted Matsuda index ( P =0.24), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance ( P =0.08), or area under the glucose curve on the oral glucose tolerance test ( P =0.96). Moreover, there were no differences in risk of GDM across tertiles of apoA1, both before ( P =0.67) and after covariate adjustment ( P =0.78). Conclusions: Serum apoA1 is not associated with insulin resistance or the risk of GDM in human pregnancy.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Individual Nutrition Education Compared to Group Education, in Improving Anthropometric and Biochemical Indices among Hypertensive Adults with Excessive Body Weight: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danuta Gajewska ◽  
Alicja Kucharska ◽  
Marcin Kozak ◽  
Shahla Wunderlich ◽  
Joanna Niegowska
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Group Education ◽  
Biochemical Indices

Objective: The study aims to compare the effectiveness of individual and group nutrition education methods in improving key anthropometric and biochemical markers in drug-treated, overweight-obese hypertensive adults. Methods: The randomized trial included 170 patients with pharmacologically well-controlled primary hypertension and body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2. For six months, the patients received six sessions, either one-to-one individual nutrition education (IE, n = 89) or group education (GE, n = 81), developed by dietitians. Anthropometric measurements, body composition, and fasting measures of biochemical parameters were obtained at baseline and after six months of intervention. Results: 150 patients completed the nutrition education program. The IE group significantly improved in many parameters compared to the GE group, including weight (p < 0.001), waist circumference (p < 0.001), BMI (p < 0.001), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) (p < 0.001), fasting plasma glucose (p = 0.011), oral glucose tolerance test (OGGT) (p = 0.030), and insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, HOMA-IR) (p < 0.001). The groups did not differ in terms of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations. Conclusion: Individual nutrition education is more effective than group education in terms of improving anthropometric and biochemical indices in overweight-obese hypertensive adults.

scholarly journals Studies of insulin resistance in patients with clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism

2009 ◽  
Vol 160 (5) ◽  
pp. 785-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eirini Maratou ◽  
Dimitrios J Hadjidakis ◽  
Anastasios Kollias ◽  
Katerina Tsegka ◽  
Melpomeni Peppa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Glucose Transport ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Increased Risk

ObjectiveAlthough clinical hypothyroidism (HO) is associated with insulin resistance, there is no information on insulin action in subclinical hypothyroidism (SHO).Design and methodsTo investigate this, we assessed the sensitivity of glucose metabolism to insulin both in vivo (by an oral glucose tolerance test) and in vitro (by measuring insulin-stimulated rates of glucose transport in isolated monocytes with flow cytometry) in 21 euthyroid subjects (EU), 12 patients with HO, and 13 patients with SHO.ResultsAll three groups had comparable plasma glucose levels, with the HO and SHO having higher plasma insulin than the EU (P<0.05). Homeostasis model assessment index was increased in HO (1.97±0.22) and SHO (1.99±0.13) versus EU (1.27±0.16, P<0.05), while Matsuda index was decreased in HO (3.89±0.36) and SHO (4.26±0.48) versus EU (7.76±0.87, P<0.001), suggesting insulin resistance in both fasting and post-glucose state. At 100 μU/ml insulin: i) GLUT4 levels on the monocyte plasma membrane were decreased in both HO (215±19 mean fluorescence intensity, MFI) and SHO (218±24 MFI) versus EU (270±25 MFI, P=0.03 and 0.04 respectively), and ii) glucose transport rates in monocytes from HO (481±30 MFI) and SHO (462±19 MFI) were decreased versus EU (571±15 MFI, P=0.04 and 0.004 respectively).ConclusionsIn patients with HO and SHO: i) insulin resistance was comparable; ii) insulin-stimulated rates of glucose transport in isolated monocytes were decreased due to impaired translocation of GLUT4 glucose transporters on the plasma membrane; iii) these findings could justify the increased risk for insulin resistance-associated disorders, such as cardiovascular disease, observed in patients with HO or SHO.

scholarly journals Association between Serum Mg2+ Concentrations and Cardiovascular Organ Damage in a Cohort of Adult Subjects

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elettra Mancuso ◽  
Maria Perticone ◽  
Rosangela Spiga ◽  
Carolina Averta ◽  
Mariangela Rubino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Increased Risk

Magnesium (Mg2+) levels are associated with insulin resistance, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We evaluated the clinical utility of physiological Mg2+ in assessing subclinical cardiovascular organ damage including increased carotid artery intima- media thickness (c-IMT) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in a cohort of well-characterized adult non-diabetic individuals. Age- and gender-adjusted correlations between Mg2+ and metabolic parameters showed that Mg2+ circulating levels were correlated negatively with body mass index (BMI), fasting glucose, and 2h-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) glucose. Similarly, Mg2+ levels were significantly and negatively related to c-IMT and LVMI. A multivariate regression analysis revealed that age (β = 0.440; p < 0.0001), BMI (β = 0.225; p < 0.0001), and Mg2+ concentration (β = −0.122; p < 0.01) were independently associated with c-IMT. Age (β = 0.244; p = 0.012), Mg2+ (β = −0.177; p = 0.019), and diastolic blood pressure (β = 0.184; p = 0.038) were significantly associated with LVMI in women, while age (β = 0.211; p = 0.019), Mg2+ (β = −0.171; p = 0.038) and the homeostasis model assessment index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (β = −0.211; p = 0.041) were the sole variables associated with LVMI in men. In conclusion, our data support the hypothesis that the assessment of Mg2+ as part of the initial work-up might help unravel the presence of subclinical organ damage in subjects at increased risk of cardiovascular complications.

Analysis of candidate genes in Polish families with obesity

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Malczewska-Malec ◽  
Iwona Wybranska ◽  
Iwona Leszczynska-Golabek ◽  
Lukasz Partyka ◽  
Jadwiga Hartwich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

AbstractThis study analyzes the relationship between risk factors related to overweight/obesity, insulin resistance, lipid tolerance, hypertension, endothelial function and genetic polymorphisms associated with: i) appetite regulation (leptin, melanocortin-3-receptor (MCR-3), dopamine receptor 2 (D2R)); ii) adipocyte differentiation and insulin sensitivity (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γThe 122 members of 40 obese Caucasian families from southern Poland participated in the study. The genotypes were analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) or by direct sequencing. Phenotypes related to obesity (body mass index (BMI), fat/lean body mass composition, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)), fasting lipids, glucose, leptin and insulin, as well as insulin during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (4 points within 2 hours) and during oral lipid tolerance test (OLTT) (5 points within 8 hours) were assessed. The insulin sensitivity indexes: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, whole body insulin sensitivity index, hepatic insulin sensitivity and early secretory response to an oral glucose load (HOMA-IR, ISI-COMP, ISI-HOMA and DELTA) were calculated.The single gene mutations such as CWe conclude that the polymorphisms we investigated were weakly correlated with obesity but significantly modified the risk factors of the metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Circulating obestatin levels and the ghrelin/obestatin ratio in obese women

2007 ◽  
Vol 157 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Vicennati ◽  
Silvia Genghini ◽  
Rosaria De Iasio ◽  
Francesca Pasqui ◽  
Uberto Pagotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Glucose Levels

Objective: We measured blood levels of obestatin, total ghrelin, and the ghrelin/obestatin ratio and their relationship with anthropometric and metabolic parameters, adiponectin and insulin resistance, in overweight/obese and normal-weight women. Design: Outpatients Unit of Endocrinology of the S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital of Bologna, Italy. Methods: Fasting obestatin, ghrelin, adiponectin and lipid levels, fasting and glucose-stimulated oral glucose tolerance test insulin, and glucose levels were measured in 20 overweight/obese and 12 controls. The fasting ghrelin/obestatin ratio was calculated; the homeostasis model assessment-IR (HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity index (ISIcomposite) were calculated as indices of insulin resistance. Results: Obese women had higher obestatin and lower ghrelin blood levels, and a lower ghrelin/obestatin ratio compared with controls. In all subjects, obestatin was significantly and positively correlated with total cholesterol and triglycerides, but not with ghrelin, anthropometric, and metabolic parameters. In the obese women, however, obestatin and ghrelin concentrations were positively correlated. By contrast, the ghrelin/obestatin ratio was significantly and negatively correlated with body mass index, waist, waist-to-hip ratio, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR, and positively with ISIcomposite but not with adiponectin. None of these parameters were correlated with the ghrelin/obestatin ratio in the obese. Conclusions: Increased obestatin, decreased ghrelin levels, and a decreased ghrelin/obestatin ratio characterize obesity in women. This supports the hypothesis that the imbalance of ghrelin and obestatin may have a role in the pathophysiology of obesity. On the other hand, some relevant differences between our data on circulating levels of obestatin and the ghrelin/obestatin ratio in obese subjects and those reported in the few studies published so far imply that further research is needed.

scholarly journals The “Lipid Accumulation Product” Is Associated with 2-Hour Postload Glucose Outcomes in Overweight/Obese Subjects with Nondiabetic Fasting Glucose

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Elias Malavazos ◽  
Emanuele Cereda ◽  
Federica Ermetici ◽  
Riccardo Caccialanza ◽  
Silvia Briganti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Lipid Accumulation Product ◽  
Adult Age

“Lipid accumulation product” (LAP) is a continuous variable based on waist circumference and triglyceride concentration previously associated with insulin resistance. We investigated the accuracy of LAP in identifying oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) abnormalities and compared it to the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in a population of overweight/obese outpatients presenting with nondiabetic fasting glucose. We studied 381 (male: 23%) adult (age: 18–70 years) overweight/obese Caucasians (body mass index: 36.9 ± 5.4 Kg/m2) having fasting plasma glucose < 7.0 mmol/L. OGTT was used to diagnose unknown glucose tolerance abnormalities: impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2-DM). According to OGTT 92, subjects had an IGT and 33 were diagnosed T2-DM. Logistic regression analysis detected a significant association for both LAP and HOMA-IR with single (IGT and T2-DM) and composite (IGT + T2-DM) abnormal glucose tolerance conditions. However, while the association with diabetes was similar between LAP and HOMA-IR, the relationship with IGT and composite outcomes by models including LAP was significantly superior to those including HOMA-IR (P=0.006andP=0.007, resp.). LAP seems to be an accurate index, performing better than HOMA-IR, for identifying 2-hour postload OGTT outcomes in overweight/obese patients with nondiabetic fasting glucose.

scholarly journals Significance and role of homeostatic model assessment in the evaluation of glucose regulation mechanisms

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 155-161
Author(s):  
Stanislava Nikolic ◽  
Nikola Curic ◽  
Romana Mijovic ◽  
Branislava Ilincic ◽  
Damir Benc
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Glucose Regulation ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Homeostatic Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostatic Model

Introduction. Mathematical formulas, such as homeostatic model assessment indexes, proved to be useful for the estimation of insulin resistance. Nevertheless, numerous published results point to a considerable variability of their reference values. The aim of this study was to use homeostatic model assessment indexes and evaluate levels of insulin resistance in nondiabetic patients. Material and Methods. The study included 486 individuals (mean age 36.84 ? 12.86; 17% of males and 83% of females). Blood sampling was performed in order to determine glucose and insulin plasma levels, at the 0th and 120th minute of the oral glucose tolerance test. The indexes were calculated by the use of homeostatic model assessment 2 calculator, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, homeostatic model assessment of insulin sensitivity, and homeostatic model assessment of ?-cells function. The results were statistically analyzed using a Data Analysis programme. Results. In the examined population, the average glycemic values of the oral glucose tolerance test were within the euglycemic scope (Gluc 0 = 4.76 ? 0.45 mmol/L; Gluc 120 = 5.24 ? 1.17 mmol/L), while the average values of calculated homeostatic model assessment indexes were: insulin resistance - 1.41 ? 0.82; ?-cells function - 131.54 ? 49.41%, and insulin sensitivity - 91.94 ? 47.32%. According to study cut-off values, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance was less than 2. We found 84 (17.28%) individuals with increased insulin resistance. Also, we set the lowest reference value for homeostatic model assessment of insulin sensitivity at less than 50%. With the probability of 66.67% (x? ? 1SD), basal insulin level under 11.9 mIU/L can be considered to correspond to physiologic level of insulin resistance. Conclusion. The follow-up of increased insulin resistance and altered secretion of pancreatic ?-cells, at early stages of glucose regulation disturbances, may be useful in assessing dynamics and level of glucose regulation disturbances and their appropriate treatment. <br><br><font color="red"><b> This article has been corrected. Link to the correction <u><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/MPNS1708202E">10.2298/MPNS1708202E</a><u></b></font>

scholarly journals STUDY OF GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS IN POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renuka Pangaluri ◽  
Shakthiya T ◽  
Vinodhini Vm
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Hba1c Levels

 Objective: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is often accompanied by insulin resistance, obesity, and cardiometabolic risk factors. Androgen excess-PCOS recommends oral glucose tolerance test or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) to evaluate dysglycemia in PCOS subjects. We undertook this study to evaluate the prevalence of elevated HbA1C levels in PCOS women.Methods: The study was carried out among 100 PCOS patients from SRM Hospital, 100 healthy individuals were included as controls. Fasting glucose, HbA1C, Insulin and Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance Index were estimated.Results: Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome showed a significant increase in HbA1C levels (5.799±1.022; 4.96±0.625, p=0.001) when compared to the control group.Conclusion: We found elevated HbA1C levels in PCOS women categorizing 26% as prediabetes and 28% as having type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Association Between Hyperinsulinemia and Helicobacter Pylori Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A657-A658
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Hayes Dorado
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment

Abstract Introduction: The association between Helicobacter pylori infection and hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance has been described. Objective: To investigate the frequency of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in adolescents with Helicobacter pylori infection. Materials and Methods: Prospective, observational and analytical study. Adolescents with Helicobacter pylori infection; July 2019 - June 2020 period. Exclusion criteria: Obesity, hypothyroidism, hepatopathy, nephropathy, collagen disease, corticotherapy, use of proton pump inhibitors and H2 antihistamines. Variables: Antibodies against Helicobacter pylori; fasting plasma glucose and insulinemia, 2-hour plasma glucose and insulinemia after oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT); determination of the insulin resistance index by the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA-IR). Two groups of patients: Those with Helicobacter pylori infection and the other of uninfected adolescents. Results: Patients attended: 34; studied: 19; excluded: 15. Group of non-infected: 20. The HOMA-IR value was 2.5 + -0.8 in adolescents with Helicobacter pylori infection and 1.8 + -0.6 (p = 0.02) in uninfected patients. Conclusions:The values of insulinemia and HOMA-IR were higher in the group of adolescents with Helicobacter pylori infection, compared to those evidenced in the group of uninfected.

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