scholarly journals Mixing Experimental Study on Water-rock Interaction (WRI) in the Inland Shallow Salt Groundwater Area

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Changsuo ◽  
Xing Liting ◽  
Wang Liyan ◽  
Zhang Fengjuan ◽  
Liu Bo
Keyword(s):  
Salt Water ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Mineral Dissolution ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Groundwater Circulation ◽  
Exchange Adsorption ◽  
Action Process ◽  
Strong Evaporation ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

The shallow salt groundwater is widely distributed in North Shandong, which makes it difficult for people and livestock to drink daily. In addtion, the genetic mechanism of shallow salt groundwater is complicated. The study was carried out in Xiyan Village of Jiyang County, it choosed the silt buried in 3-9 m depth, shallow salt groundwater and atmospheric precipitation as test materials to measure chemical composition of groundwater. Base on soluble salt test, rain-saltwater mixing test and rain-saltwater-silt mixing test, ions component of mixture were measured, the hydrogeochemical action process of WRI was analyzed and formation-evolution of inland saltwater was deepened knowledge. It is shown that (1) The occurrence threshold of WRI was 20%, which was the volume of saltwater in mixture. (2) When the rainwater, saltwater and silt were mixed together for 12 hours, calcite and dolomite precipitated, halite and gypsum were in dissolved state. When the volume of saltwater in mixture was larger than 20%, gypsum was closed to saturation, the main cation exchange was Mg-Na, the exchange of Ca-Na was in the second place; The order for anion adsorption amount of aquifer medium was SO42- > HCO3- >C-. The study proves that groundwater circulation is slow and continual, some hydrochemical actions (i.e. ion exchange, adsorption, mineral dissolution or precipitation, and strong evaporation-concentration) are happened during the evolution process of inland shallow groundwater. All these will lead to Cl•SO4-Mg•Na type salt or slight salt water with TDS being larger than 2g·L-1.

The Chemical Dynamic Characteristic Research of Inland Shallow Salt Water

2015 ◽  
Vol 1092-1093 ◽  
pp. 1185-1188
Author(s):  
Tong Qiang Peng ◽  
Feng Juan Zhang ◽  
Li Ting Xing ◽  
Yan Cheng Han ◽  
Zhao Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Piper Diagram ◽  
Resources Exploitation ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

Shallow inland water resources has a large potential for development. To Jiyang shallow groundwater for example, through the regular ion-test analysis, Piper diagram and hydrogeochemical characteristics, the results show that: (1) The type of chemistry of shallow groundwater inland were Cl·SO4-Mg·Na·Ca; (2) The salt water area is relatively fixed, there is no expansion or decreasing trend; (3) The level flow of shallow groundwater is slow and water rock interaction is strong, that is not conducive to the shallow groundwater quality improvement, changing the runoff conditions of shallow groundwater is essential way for shallow groundwater resources exploitation.

scholarly journals Research on Formation Mechanism of Jiyang Shallow Saline Ground Water

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Zhang Fengjuan ◽  
Xing Liting ◽  
Wang Song ◽  
Zhuang Huibo ◽  
Dou Tongwen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Tracing Test ◽  
Groundwater Circulation ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

Shallow salt water in the inland plain has huge development potential. Taking saline water area in Sungeng Town, Jiyang County as an example, based on field water quality and water table tests., tracing test, methods such as mathematical statistical, hydrochemistry diagram of piper and numerical simulation by PHREEQC are used to analyze synthetically. 6862 groups data were studied. Results showed: (1) The groundwater presents typically “weather - evaporation” type, chemistry type is Cl.SO4-Mg.Na. and Cl.SO4-Na.Mg type. (2) In area of inland saline water presents characteristics of lagging water flow with high clay content in aquifer medium. Groundwater mineralization is obvious. (3) Hydrogeochemistry actions such as evaporation, alternate adsorption and water-rock interaction are the primary cause of the forming complex hydrochemistry type. The unique groundwater circulation characteristics of inland plains saltwater area makes water dynamic being relatively stable.

scholarly journals Evolution of groundwater chemistry in coastal aquifers of the Northern Dvina basin (NW Russia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 07016
Author(s):  
Alexander Malov
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Coastal Aquifers ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Groundwater Chemistry ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Calcite Dissolution ◽  
Alkaline Earth Elements ◽  
Northern Dvina Basin ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

The specific objective of the study is to clarify the sources and characteristics of groundwater chemistry in coastal aquifers of the Northern Dvina basin. It has been established that the chemical composition of fresh water evolves in the direction (Ca-Mg-HCO3) - (Na-HCO3) - (Na-Cl). It is due to successive replacement of the process of calcite dissolution in the recharge area on the watershed i) by the process of hydrolysis of sodium aluminosilicates in the transit zone and ii) by the processes of mixing fresh water with salt water and brines, cation exchange of alkaline earth elements with alkaline elements and dissolution of gypsum near discharge areas at the seashore and in paleovalleys. In the brackish and salty waters the Na/Ca ratio is reduced to 1-4. This indicates that in the aquifers there are other sources of Ca, in addition to the dissolution of gypsum. The most probable process is the hydrolysis of Ca-aluminosilicates, which indicates a significant time of water-rock interaction. The “brackish1” water with TDS 5-6 g·L-1, is particularly distinguished by the degree of modification due to water-rock interaction.

scholarly journals Recharge of natural mineral water Jingyu County, northeastern China

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 01032
Author(s):  
Xiujuan Liang ◽  
Hui Tian ◽  
Changlai Xiao ◽  
Mingqian Li ◽  
Ying Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
Average Residence Time ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Natural Mineral ◽  
Natural Mineral Water ◽  
Basaltic Aquifer ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

A light stable isotope investigation of the source of natural mineral water in Jingyu County indicates an origin predominantly from atmospheric precipitation. As water-rock interaction occurs in the runoff process, SiO2 in the basaltic aquifer is dissolved, forming a metasilicate-type mineral water. The average residence time of natural mineral water in the stratum is 20 to 56 years.

scholarly journals Noble gas geochemistry and chronology of groundwater in an active rift basin in central China

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 01040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonghe Pang ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Jiao Tian
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Noble Gas ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Central China ◽  
Rift Basin ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Groundwater Circulation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Circulation Dynamics ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

Stable noble gas isotopes are excellent groundwater tracers. Radioactive noble gases are emerging new tools in the study of groundwater circulation dynamics. Among these, the 85Kr and 81Kr, and 39Ar have advanced very fast in recent years and exhibit strong potential in the reconstruction of the history of groundwater recharge and evolution in sedimentary basins at different scales. Here, we report the findings in groundwater circulation dynamics as relative to intensive water-rock interactions, heat transfer and He gas flux in Guanzhong Basin located in Xi’an, the geographical centre of China, which is a rift basin created by collision between the Eurasia and Indian plates, with active neotectonic activities. The recent technological breakthrough in noble gas isotope measurements, i.e. the atomic trap trace analysis (ATTA) techniques on Kr and Ar gas radionuclei, has revolutionized groundwater dating. Noble gas samples from shallow and deep wells to 3000 m depth have been collected to study isotope variations to reconstruct the history of groundwater recharge and understand the water-rock interaction processes. Stable isotopes of water show strong water-rock interaction in the formation, creating a strong positive O-isotope shift up to 10 ‰, a phenomenon that is rarely seen in a fairly low temperature environment. Analysis of 85Kr and 81Kr show groundwater ages up to 1.3 million years old along both North-South and a West-East cross sections, which offers strong evidence about the slow moving flow, strong water-rock interaction, rich geothermal resources as well as He gas resources.

The Analysis of Shallow Groundwater Quality around Laemchabang Sanitary Landfill, Chonburi, Thailand

2014 ◽  
Vol 931-932 ◽  
pp. 716-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Witchuda Ponsai ◽  
Srilert Chotpantarat
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Sanitary Landfill ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Fe And Mn ◽  
Shallow Wells ◽  
Correlation Techniques ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

This study focused on quality of shallow groundwater collected around Laemchabang sanitary landfill Chonburi Province, Thailand. The sixteen public shallow wells were collected and analyzed for pH, cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+), anions (HCO-3, Cl- and SO4 2-) and metals (As, Fe, Mn, Zn and Al). The results were reported by statistical and correlation techniques. It was found that, in some wells, metals such as Fe and Mn exceeded the acceptable limits. Thus, shallow groundwater around Laemchabang Sanitary Landfill would not be suitable for drinking. According to correlation analysis, pH value is positively correlated with HCO-3, Fe and Al. Ca2+ and Mg2+ are positively correlated with HCO-3 and Cl-. Arsenic is positively correlated with Fe and Mn. Most shallow groundwater samples in this area are the mixed type, Ca (Mg)Cl (SO4) type, which may occur from water-rock interaction and leakage from landfill to groundwater system.

scholarly journals HIDROGEOQUÍMICA DAS ÁGUAS SUBTERRÂNEAS NO MUNICÍPIO DE LENÇÓIS, BAHIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonatas Batista Mattos ◽  
Manoel Jerônimo Moreira Cruz ◽  
Francisco Carlos Fernandes De Paula
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Metasedimentary Rocks ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Sampling Points ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

This study aimed to point out the hydrogeochemistry groundwater in the municipality of Lençóis, State of Bahia, to classify them according to the content and types of dissolved salts. To this, twenty sampling points were listed in the groundwater in aquifers formed by metasediments, detritical covers and limestones, with the purpose of analyze the following parameters: electrical conductivity, temperature, pH, turbidity, total dissolved solids, HCO3, PO4, SO4, Cl-, NO3, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe3+, Mn4+, Sr2+ and Ba2+. The results showed that the groundwater in the municipality of Lençóis are distributed into two zones with different hydrogeochemistry, one of the largest controlled by geological clastic metasedimentary rocks typologies (sandstones, quartzites, conglomeratics, detritical covers) where the process of water-rock interaction allows occur little quantity salt water, slightly acidic, sweet, soft and predominantly sulfated sodic. The other zone is controlled by chemical metasedimentary rocks (limestones) as well as bicarbonates, where they occur hard water, slightly alkaline, sweets and sulfated calcic and mixed. The levels of metals and elements nitrate, phosphate and sulfate presented themselves generally at low concentrations, with some deviations detected in points of the urban area.

scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SHALLOW GROUNDWATER IN SOUTHERN BUG AND SYNIUKHA INTERFLUVE AREA

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1(38)) ◽  
pp. 149-168
Author(s):  
D. V. Melkonyan ◽  
E. A. Cherkez ◽  
V. G. Tyuremina
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Priority Task ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

Problem Statement and purpose. The study area encompassing the territory of about 150 km2, in August 2000, was declared as a zone of environmental emergency due to increasing pollution rates in shallow groundwater, in surface water and to health deterioration of the inhabitants of some settlements. Groundwater is widely used by the local population in numerous boreholes for domestic and agricultural purposes. In the zone of environmental emergency there are about 35 anthropogenic objects, such as: industrial and domestic landfills, pesticide and fertilizer storage, various livestock farm complexes, settling tanks, wastewater and solid waste discharges, etc. The insecurity of shallow groundwater, also its location close to the surface and in the lowest parts of the terrain leads to intensive pollution of groundwater. Besides, groundwater in relation to the fractured waters of the Precambrian crystalline rocks, which lie below and are used for drinking water supply, perform the functions of both a protective screen and a source of pollution. In this case, a multifaceted study of shallow groundwater chemical composition and their formation conditions is a priority task of this study for the environmental emergency zone and for the district as a whole. The purpose of this paper to study the chemical composition and to establish the processes and factors controlling the shallow groundwater chemistry in modern and Pleistocene sediments of the Southern Bug and Syniukha interfluve. Data and Methods. A total of 102 water samples were collected from groundwater wells and boreholes and were hydrochemically analyzed for their macrocomponent composition. Groundwater quality geochemical assessment was carried out using statistical methods in combination with conventional graphical methods by examining groundwater in the Boleslavchik village, where they are most polluted. Results. The dominant hydrochemical types of shallow groundwater are SO4- Na, HCO3-Na and mixed SO4-Mg-Na, SO4-Ca-Na types, sometimes NO3-HCO3 and NO3-Cl-Na types. These groundwater types are formed under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors, such as water-rock interaction, evaporation-crystallization, precipitation and anthropogenic impact. In this case, water-rock interaction processes, such as silicate weathering, carbonate and sulfate dissolution, ion exchange, evaporation-crystallization and anthropogenic impact play major roles. The weathering of feldspars, chlorites and dissolution of calcites, dolomites are the primary sources for Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+ ions, and dissolution of gypsum, sulfide mineralization for SO4 2– ions. High concentrations of Na+, Cl–, SO4 2–, NO3 – in shallow groundwater reflect agricultural activity as the main source of these ions.

scholarly journals Geothermometry and Circulation Behavior of the Hot Springs in Yunlong County of Yunnan in Southwest China

Geofluids ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Xiaocui Wang ◽  
Xun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Southwest China ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Geothermal Reservoir ◽  
Spring Discharge ◽  
Geochemical Processes ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Thermal Groundwater ◽  
Groundwater Circulation ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

Travertine and nontravertine thermal springs have been studied in Yunlong County in southwest China to determine the geothermal reservoir temperatures and to find the geochemical processes that affect the evolution of thermal groundwater constituents during subsurface circulation. Hydrochemical characteristics distinguish travertine from nontravertine types. Travertine springs show HCO3·Cl-Na and SO4·HCO3-Ca·Na type, and a nontravertine spring presents Cl·HCO3·SO4-Na type. Log(Q/K) versus T diagrams show that reservoir temperatures can be expressed as intervals based on the equilibrium mineral assemblages coexisting in equilibrium and multiminerals in equilibrium with the aid of the PHREEQC and WATCH programs. The spring water mixing ratio with shallow water is between 59% and 82% with steam loss ranging from 12.1% to 27.8%. The Dalang Spring mixes with the highest proportion of cold water (76% to 82%) among the four hot springs and has the highest geothermal reservoir temperature (132°C to 176.9°C). The water-rock interaction during recharge from precipitation demonstrates that the minerals halite, kaolinite, chalcedony, plagioclase, and CO2(g) play an important part in the evolution of the thermal groundwater. Four inverse modeling simulation paths between precipitation and spring discharge were established to calculate the mass flux of minerals by the PHREEQC program. Halite, kaolinite, chalcedony, plagioclase, and CO2(g) participate in dissolution reactions in the thermal groundwater circulation, while gypsum, calcite, dolomite, biotite, and fluorite keep the geochemical processes in equilibrium.

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