Effect of Solvents on Phytochemicals Content and Antioxidant Activity of Ganoderma lucidum

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the induction of solvents on the total phenol and flavonoid content and also the antioxidant activity of Ganoderma lucidum extracts. Materials & Methods: In this study, two concentrations (100% and 75%) of diethyl ether, ethanol, butanol, chloroform, and acetone were used as extractants of Ganoderma lucidum. Total phenol and flavonoid contents were measured by spectrophotometric methods and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Free radical scavenging assay was used for the investigation of antioxidant activity. Results & Discussion: Extractants significantly affected the % yield of extract, the quantity of phenol and flavonoids and antioxidant activity of Ganoderma lucidum mushroom. The highest extraction yield, around 38%, was achieved by 75% acetone, followed by 100% acetone (about 36%) and 75% chloroform (approximate 21%). Hydro-acetone extract exhibited the most significant antioxidative properties (EC50 value; 645.55 µg/mL) comprised of a higher total of phenol content. In conclusion, the total phenol content encouraged the antioxidative potential of Ganoderma lucidum mushroom. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the selective extraction of Ganoderma lucidum shows significant biological activities.

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Antioxidant activity and total phenol content of blackberries cultivated in a highland tropical climate

Acta Scientiarum Agronomy ◽

10.4025/actasciagron.v39i1.28413 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 43 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mayara Neves Santos Guedes ◽

Rafael Pio ◽

Luana Aparecida Castilho Maro ◽

Fabíola Fonseca Lage ◽

Celeste Maria Patto de Abreu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Free Radical ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

High Performance ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenol ◽

Total Phenol Content ◽

Phenol Content ◽

Phenolic Contents

Blackberries are an important option for the diversification of fruit crops. However, there is currently no literature regarding plant cultivation in high-altitude tropical climates. Knowledge of the phenolic composition of blackberries is essential because variations in the levels of these components may exist between cultivars and may depend on environmental conditions. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to evaluate the total phenol content of different blackberry cultivars (Arapaho, Brazos, Cainguangue, Cherokee, Choctaw, Comanche, Ébano, Guarani, Tupy and Xavante). Free radical scavenging activity in these cultivars was assayed using a DPPH test. The HPLC-UV chromatogram of blackberry fruit extracts at 280 nm revealed the presence of phenolic compounds. The results showed significant differences in the levels of phenolic compounds in the blackberry cultivars tested. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the ABTS free radical and ranged from 2.7 ± 0.1 to 19 ± 2 μmole of Trolox equivalents per gram of sample (b.u.). These results are in good correlation with the phenolic contents of the blackberries tested. The Xavante blackberry cultivar had the highest levels of polyphenols that could be individually identified. Catechin polyphenols were found to be the main component in the blackberry varieties tested.

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The potential of Endophytic Fungal Extract Isolated from Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) as Antidiabetic and Antioxidant

Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi ◽

10.14710/jksa.22.6.275-282 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 275-282 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Eris Septiana ◽

Fauzy Rachman ◽

Yatri Hapsari ◽

Yadi Yadi ◽

Bustanussalam Bustanussalam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Endophytic Fungi ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenol ◽

Antidiabetic Activity ◽

Total Phenol Content ◽

Phenol Content ◽

Fungal Extract ◽

Glucose Levels

An increase in blood glucose levels in people with diabetes can cause an increase in free radicals, which can worsen the disease. Thus, drugs that have antidiabetic and antioxidant activities are needed. The cinnamon plant is high in antioxidants and has long been used as a source for a diabetes drug. The utilization of endophytic fungi isolated from cinnamon plants as antidiabetic and antioxidant has never been reported. This study aims to investigate the antidiabetic as well as antioxidant activity from the extract of endophytic fungi from the cinnamon plant. The antidiabetic activity was tested using the α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition method, while antioxidant activity was tested using the DPPH free radical scavenging method. Total phenol content was measured based on the Follin-Ciocalteu reagent reaction. All endophytic fungal extracts from the cinnamon leaves, twigs, flowers, and fruit have antidiabetic and antioxidant activity as well as high total phenol content. The three parameters measured showed a positive correlation. Endophytic fungal extract of Cb.D6 isolate derived from the leaf had the highest antidiabetic and antioxidant activity among the other isolates amounting to 92.41% and 90.28%, respectively. In addition, the total phenol content of Cb.D6 isolates was also the highest with 357.83 mg equivalent to gallic acid/g extract. Therefore, the endophytic fungal extract of Cb.D6 isolate has the potential to be developed as a source of the antidiabetic and antioxidant ingredients.

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Effect of oviposition by Bactrocera dorsalis on the antioxidant activity of orange juice

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.218661 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 80 (3) ◽

pp. 641-647

Author(s):

M. Ni ◽

K. Gu ◽

B. Hassan ◽

D. Ning ◽

Y. Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Orange Juice ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Fruit Fly ◽

Total Phenol ◽

Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽

Total Phenol Content ◽

Phenol Content

Abstract Among fruits and fruit products, oranges and orange juice are the most widely consumed worldwide. However, the effects of pest infestation of oranges on the quality of orange juice are not yet known. To evaluate the effect of the oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis on the antioxidant activity of orange juice, we measured changes in the vitamin C (Vc) concentration, total phenol content, and antioxidant activity of orange juice after the introduction of fruit fly eggs. Ten days after the eggs were introduced (larvae removed), the concentration of Vc in orange juice was 18.65 µg/mL, which was 9.16 µg/mL lower than that measured in healthy orange juice. In addition, the total phenol content decreased by 46.519 mg Gallic Acid Equivalents (GAE)/g to 9.748 mg GAE/g. Furthermore, the free-radical scavenging activity decreased from 22.297% to 5.393%. Correlation analysis indicated significant correlations between Vc concentration, total phenol content, and antioxidant activity of orange juice after B. dorsalis infestation. The decrease in Vc concentration, total phenol content and free-radical scavenging activity indicated that B. dorsalis changed the quality of orange juice by affecting the antioxidant activity of the juice after the oranges were infested.

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Synergism of Antioxidant Activity Combination of Buas-Buas (Premnaserratifolia Linn.), Meniran (Phyllanthusniruri L.), Secang (Caesalpiniasappan) and Roselle (Hibiscus sabdarifa) Extracts

Majalah Obat Tradisional ◽

10.22146/mot.51328 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Isnindar Isnindar ◽

Sri Luliana

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenol ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Total Phenol Content ◽

Total Flavonoids ◽

Phenol Content ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Ic50 Values ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Buas-buas, meniran, secang, and rosella have biological and pharmacological activities as antioxidants. The combination of the four plants is expected to provide a more potent synergistic effect on antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study was to analyze the total phenol content, total flavonoids, and antioxidant effects before and after combination. The combination of extracts, buas-buas, meniran, secang, and rosella which are used in sequence is (1: 1: 1/2: 1/2), (1: 2: 1/2: 1/2), and (2: 1 : 1/2: 1/2). Plants used in the form of simplicia was extracted by maceration method. Radical capture activity uses DPPH and IC50 values are determined. Determination of total phenol is expressed equivalent to gallic acid. Total flavonoids are expressed as quercetin equivalents. The phenol and flavonoid content obtained are then correlated with antiradical activity. The results showed that the best IC50 values were in the combination of ratios (1: 1: 1/2: 1/2) that is (11.0 µg / mL), then (1: 2: 1/2: 1/2) which was 13.3 µg / mL, and (2: 1: 1/2: 1/2) which is 19.4 µg / mL. The highest total phenolic and flavonoid content in the ratio (1: 2: 1/2: 1/2) is 33.57% w/w EAG and 74.00% w/w EQ. Correlation analysis between IC50 values with total phenolic and flavonoid contents showed a positive correlation with R2 values of 0.8236 and 0.0102 with positive slope. Thus, it can be concluded that the total phenol content influences free radical scavenging activity by 82.36%, while the effect of total flavonoid content was only 1.02%.

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Total Phenol Content and Antioxidant Activity of Different Celta Pig Carcass Locations as Affected by the Finishing Diet (Chestnuts or Commercial Feed)

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10010005 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 5

Author(s):

Noemí Echegaray ◽

Paulo E. S. Munekata ◽

Juan A. Centeno ◽

Rubén Domínguez ◽

Mirian Pateiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Biceps Femoris ◽

Total Phenol ◽

Total Phenol Content ◽

Phenol Content ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Frap Assay ◽

Commercial Feed

The objective of this research was to evaluate the total phenol content, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity of chestnuts (Castanea sativa Mill.) and commercial feed employed in the finishing diet of the Celta pig breed and analyze the effect of the feeding (chestnuts vs. commercial feed) in the finishing diet on total phenol content and antioxidant activity of Longissimus thoracis et lumborum, Psoas major, and Biceps femoris muscles and liver of the Celta pig breed. The antioxidant activity of the feed and animal tissue was investigated using three antioxidant methods (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, 2-2′-Azino-di-[3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonate] (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay). The determination of the total phenol content and total flavonoids showed that chestnut had a significantly lower concentration than commercial feed in these compounds (130.00 vs. 312.89 mg gallic acid equivalents/100 g fresh weight and 8.58 vs. 32.18 mg catechin equivalents/100 g fresh weight, respectively). However, the results displayed that chestnuts had a higher antioxidant activity when compared with the commercial feed through the DPPH and ABTS methods (1152.42 vs. 957.33 µg Trolox equivalents/g fresh weight, and 9379.74 vs. 7613.44 µg Trolox equivalents/g fresh weight, for DPPH and ABTS assay, respectively), while the antioxidant activity measured by the FRAP assay turned out to show higher values for commercial feed (1777.49 and 1946.09 µmol Fe2+/100 fresh weight for chestnut and commercial feed, respectively), although significant differences were only found in the ABTS assay. On the other hand, the present study found that chestnut significantly reduces the total phenol content and declines the antioxidant activity of Longissimus thoracis et lumborum, Psoas major, and Biceps femoris muscles and liver of the Celta pig breed. Finally, it has been found that liver is the location that has the best antioxidant characteristics compared to any muscle, regardless of diet utilized.

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Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content in Caulerpa filiformis (Chlorophyta) from Sechura Bay and Paracas Bay, Peru

Revista Peruana de Biología ◽

10.15381/rpb.v27i1.17596 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 061-066 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Joyce Mamani ◽

Jorge Chávez ◽

Eder Apumayta ◽

Patricia Gil-Kodaka

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Total Phenol ◽

North Coast ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Total Phenol Content ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Phenol Content ◽

The North

In Peru, Caulerpa filiformis is a marine algae listed as an invasive species. For years, its distribution has been considered to be in the north coast (Isla Lobos de Afuera and Piura) until a recent report of its distribution in the central coast (Ancash, Lima, and Ica). The present investigation aims to determine the main groups of secondary metabolites, total phenol content, and antioxidant activity of the methanolic extract of C. filiformis from Sechura Bay (Piura) and Paracas Bay (Ica). The main chemical groups were determined through phytochemical screening, the content of phenols by the Folin–Ciocalteu method, and antioxidant activity by the ABTS method (2,2-azinobis-[3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]) and 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The phytochemical screening of the methanolic extract of C. filiformis from Sechura Bay and Paracas Bay revealed the presence of carbohydrates, polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids, lipids, alkaloids, steroids, and triterpenes for both extracts. The total phenol content of the extract of C. filiformis from Sechura Bay (39.31 ± 0.39 mg of AGE/g extract) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that from Paracas Bay (18.78 ± 0.31 mg of AGE/g extract). In the ABTS and DPPH assays, the antioxidant capacity of the Sechura C. filiformis extract (IC50 = 3.49 ± 0.01 and 2.18 ± 0.02 mg/mL) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of the Paracas C. filiformis extract (IC50 = 6.41 ± 0.02 and 2.42 ± 0.04 mg /mL). These findings suggest that the methanolic extract of C. filiformis is a source of secondary metabolites with an antioxidant potential.

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Strawberry jams: influence of different pectins on colour and textural properties

Czech Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.17221/95/2008-cjfs ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 27 (No. 1) ◽

pp. 20-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

M. Kopjar ◽

V. Piližota ◽

N.N. Tiban ◽

D. Šubarić ◽

J. Babić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Textural Properties ◽

Total Phenol ◽

Total Phenol Content ◽

Anthocyanin Content ◽

Phenol Content ◽

Quality Properties ◽

Texture Parameters ◽

Important Quality

Colour and texture are very important quality properties of all foods. In this work, the influence was investigated of different types of pectin on colour and textural properties in strawberry jams and low-calorie strawberry jams containing fructose and aspartame or fructose syrup and aspartame. The highest anthocyanin content and total phenol content were detected in strawberry jam samples prepared with low methoxy amidated pectin. During storage, after 4 and 6 weeks at both storage temperatures, room temperature and 4°C, anthocyanin content and total phenol content decreased. Also, free radical scavenging activity decreased during storage. As far as the texture parameters are concerned, namely firmness, consistency and cohesiveness, the highest values were found in strawberry jam samples prepared with high methoxyl pectin.

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Chestnut Drying Is Critical in Determining Aspergillus flavus Growth and Aflatoxin Contamination

Toxins ◽

10.3390/toxins10120530 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 530 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Simona Prencipe ◽

Ilenia Siciliano ◽

Carlotta Gatti ◽

Maria Gullino ◽

Angelo Garibaldi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Fungal Growth ◽

Aflatoxin Production ◽

Aflatoxin Contamination ◽

Total Phenol ◽

Fungal Colonization ◽

Total Phenol Content ◽

Phenol Content ◽

Drying Treatment ◽

Drying Conditions

Chestnut drying is used to prevent postharvest losses and microorganism contamination during storage. Several studies reported the contamination by aflatoxins (AFs) produced by Aspergillus spp. in chestnuts. The effect of drying temperatures (from 30 to 50 °C) was evaluated on the growth of A. flavus and the production of aflatoxins in chestnuts. The influence of the treatment on the proximate composition, the total phenol content and antioxidant activity of chestnuts was considered. Fungal colonization was observed on the nuts dried at 30, 35, and 40 °C; the incidence was lower at 40 °C. The highest concentrations of AFB1 and AFB2 were produced at 40 °C. No aflatoxins were detected at 45 or 50 °C. At 40 °C A. flavus was under suboptimal conditions for growth (aw 0.78), but the fungus was able to synthesize aflatoxins. As the temperatures applied increased, the total phenol content increased, while the antioxidant activity decreased. A drying treatment at 45 °C for seven days (aw 0.64) could be a promising method to effectively control both the growth of aflatoxigenic fungi and the production of aflatoxins. This study provides preliminary data useful to improve the current drying conditions used in chestnut mills, to reduce both fungal growth and aflatoxin production.

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