Effects of Mycotoxins on Child Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gül Kadan ◽  
Neriman Aral
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Developmental Problems ◽  
Gastrointestinal Problems ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies ◽  
Research Document ◽  
Academic Failures

Background:: Mycotoxins are defined as fungi that have negative effects on human health. The immune system of the organism is affected by mycotoxins first, and developmental problems, systemic diseases and death can be observed. Although this damage is important for all individuals, due to immaturity of the developmental areas, weak immune system and vulnerability against external factors, it can seriously affect children both in the pre- and in the postpartum period. Objective:: It is aimed to examine the effects of mycotoxins on child development, which is also very important in the study, together with the studies conducted. Methods:: In the research, document analysis method was used to determine the effects of mycotoxins on children. The articles examining the effects of mycotoxins and mycotoxins on children were reached from Google Scholar between 2002 and 2020, accessible books were examined and the results of these studies were discussed as a whole. Conclusions:: As a result of the encounter of the fetus with mycotoxins in the womb, the rate of low birth weight babies increases. At the same time, growth retardation, congenital anomalies and neural tube defects are encountered in the fetus. In infancy, mycotoxins cause developmental retardation, damage to the immune system, health problems, especially gastrointestinal problems, and cognitive development problems. As a result of encountering mycotoxins in childhood and adolescence, developmental delays, cognitive and neurological problems, and academic failures can be seen.

Zerspanprozesse effizienter machen*/Making machining process more efficent - Recording and analysis of non-productive times in the automotive industry

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (05) ◽  
pp. 301-306
Author(s):  
T. Bosch ◽  
W. Polley ◽  
S. Schöll ◽  
P. Klemm
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Sich Eine ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Production Processes

Dieser Fachartikel geht auf die negativen Auswirkungen technischer Nebenzeiten für die Effizienz von Produktionsprozessen in der automobilen Großserienproduktion ein. Er zeigt in der Übersicht, welche Methoden sich zur Erfassung technischer Nebenzeiten eignen und welche Vor- und Nachteile sie besitzen. Nur mit diesen Erfassungsmethoden lässt sich eine effektive Minimierung von technischen Nebenzeiten erreichen. Anschließend wird ein dreistufiges Analyseverfahren präsentiert.   This article discusses the negative effects of non-productive times on the efficiency of production processes in automotive mass production. An overview shows which methods are suitable for the recording of non-productive times and their advantages and disadvantages. These recording methods are essential for the effective minimization of non-productive times. Subsequently, an analysis method, which is composed of three steps, is presented.

Parenting quality, adversity, and conduct problems in adolescence: Testing process-oriented models of resilience

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 663-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott D. Gest ◽  
Jennifer Neemann ◽  
Jon J. Hubbard ◽  
Ann S. Masten ◽  
Auke Tellegen
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Effective Parenting ◽  
Parenting Quality

AbstractStructural equation modeling was used (a) to determine the extent to which parent-related and non-parent-related adversity were associated with increases in conduct problems between childhood and adolescence and (b) to evaluate the possible preventive, compensatory, and moderating effects of parenting quality in this regard. Subjects were 180 boys and girls from the Project Competence longitudinal study of adversity, competence, and resilience (Garmezy & Tellegen, 1984). Conduct problems, parenting quality, and socioeconomic status were assessed when subjects were in the third through sixth grades, and adversity and conduct problems were assessed again 7 years later. Results were consistent with the view that parentrelated adversity experienced between the two assessment times was associated with a small increase in conduct problems. Adversity involving siblings, extended family, and friends was not associated with changes in conduct. Effective parenting was associated with less parent-related adversity during adolescence. Effective parenting, however, did not directly compensate for the negative effects of adversity; nor did it moderate the effects of adversity. Structural equation modeling was helpful in testing for several of these effects simultaneously. Short-term longitudinal studies with baseline measures, more frequent assessments, and adequate sample size are necessary to clarify the processes suggested by these results.

scholarly journals Opposing functions of the plant TOPLESS gene family during SNC1-mediated autoimmunity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Garner ◽  
Benjamin J. Spears ◽  
Jianbin Su ◽  
Leland Cseke ◽  
Samantha N. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Genetic Interaction ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Activating Mutations ◽  
Immune Receptors ◽  
Regulatory Processes

AbstractRegulation of the plant immune system is important for controlling the specificity and amplitude of responses to pathogens and in preventing growth-inhibiting autoimmunity that leads to reductions in plant fitness. In previous work, we reported that SRFR1, a negative regulator of effector-triggered immunity, interacts with SNC1 and EDS1. When SRFR1 is non-functional in the Arabidopsis accession Col-0, SNC1 levels increase, causing a cascade of events that lead to autoimmunity phenotypes. Previous work showed that some members of the transcriptional co-repressor family TOPLESS interact with SNC1 to repress negative regulators of immunity. Therefore, to explore potential connections between SRFR1 and TOPLESS family members, we took a genetic approach that examined the effect of each TOPLESS member in the srfr1 mutant background. The data indicated that an additive genetic interaction exists between SRFR1 and two members of the TOPLESS family, TPR2 and TPR3, as demonstrated by increased stunting and elevated PR2 expression in srfr1 tpr2 and srfr1 tpr2 tpr3 mutants. Furthermore, the tpr2 mutation intensifies autoimmunity in the auto-active snc1-1 mutant, indicating a novel role of these TOPLESS family members in negatively regulating SNC1-dependent phenotypes. This negative regulation can also be reversed by overexpressing TPR2 in the srfr1 tpr2 background. Thus, this work uncovers diverse functions of individual members of the TOPLESS family in Arabidopsis and provides evidence for the additive effect of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of SNC1.Author SummaryThe immune system is a double-edged sword that affords organisms with protection against infectious diseases but can also lead to negative effects if not properly controlled. Plants only possess an innate antimicrobial immune system that relies on rapid upregulation of defenses once immune receptors detect the presence of microbes. Plant immune receptors known as resistance proteins play a key role in rapidly triggering defenses if pathogens breach other defenses. A common model of unregulated immunity in the reference Arabidopsis variety Columbia-0 involves a resistance gene called SNC1. When the SNC1 protein accumulates to unnaturally high levels or possesses auto-activating mutations, the visible manifestations of immune overactivity include stunted growth and low biomass and seedset. Consequently, expression of this gene and accumulation of the encoded protein are tightly regulated on multiple levels. Despite careful study the mechanisms of SNC1 gene regulation are not fully understood. Here we present data on members of the well-known TOPLESS family of transcriptional repressors. While previously characterized members were shown to function in indirect activation of defenses, TPR2 and TPR3 are shown here to function in preventing high defense activity. This study therefore contributes to the understanding of complex regulatory processes in plant immunity.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI DAN PENENTUAN KADAR RESIDU INSEKTISIDA PADA KUBIS DAN TOMAT DI MODOINDING DAN RURUKAN

EUGENIA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoakhim Y. E Oessoe
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Acceptable Daily Intake ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Vegetable Farmers

This research aims to study 1) Maternal effect on the inheritance of yield components of Manado Yellow Use of Insecticides is one way that is very often made vegetable farmersto cope with pest and plant diseases. However, the use of insecticides may give negative effects for consumers of food containing residues of these poisons.Methodology of research is survey and laboratory. Collecting data in the survey was an interview of 20 vegetable farmers, each 10 from Modoinding and 10 from Rurukan that determined purposively. Laboratory data obtainedwith the ways to identify residues in the cabbage and tomatoes from Modoinding and Rurukan , using Gas Chromatography (GC) according to the analysis method of Pusat Pengujian Obat dan Makanan.Vegetable farmers in Modoinding and Rurukan often apply the insecticide organophospate and pyretroid on cabbage and tomato plants. The residues level in ccabbage and tomato from Modoinding and Rurukan far exceed the value of Acceptable Daily Intake of profonefos allowed.

scholarly journals Introduction to the Special Issue on “Informing Longitudinal Studies on the Effects of Maternal Stress and Substance Use on Child Development: Planning for the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study”

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
Chloe J. Jordan ◽  
Susan R. B. Weiss ◽  
Katia D. Howlett ◽  
Michelle P. Freund
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Environmental Exposures ◽  
Feasibility Studies ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Functional Brain Imaging ◽  
Postnatal Exposure ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Developmental Problems ◽  
Long Term Impact

AbstractThe HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) study will establish a large cohort of pregnant women from regions of the country significantly affected by the opioid crisis and follow them and their children for at least 10 years. Findings from this cohort will help researchers understand normative childhood brain development as well as the long-term impact of prenatal and postnatal opioid and other drug and environmental exposures. The study will collect data on pregnancy and fetal development; infant and early childhood structural and functional brain imaging; anthropometrics; medical history; family history; biospecimens; and social, emotional, and cognitive development. Knowledge gained from this research will be critical to help predict and prevent some of the known effects of prenatal and postnatal exposure to certain drugs or environmental exposures, including risk for future substance use, mental disorders, and other behavioral and developmental problems. In this special issue, a subset of investigators that received funding for planning grants for the HBCD study provide careful guidelines and frameworks for study design, recruitment and retention of vulnerable populations, culturally sensitive practices, and biospecimen and neurodevelopmental assessment recommendations gathered in feasibility studies that will help inform the full HBCD study planned to begin recruitment in 2022.

Multiple Stimuli Dlsorganlsatlon Syndrome: Treatment and Management of Children with Attentional Disorders

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor Parry
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Developmental Problems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Attentional Disorders ◽  
State Child ◽  
Child Development Centre ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders

AbstractThe State Child Development Centre (SCDC) of Western Australia has been involved in the assessment and management of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorders over the past twenty years. It is a Centre committed to the multimodal interdisciplinary approach to this and related developmental problems. Incorporated in this approach is the recognition that medication is likely to be an essential component in order to facilitate other measures being effective for a majority of children with well established attentional disorders. However, the Centre recognises that the concept of ADHD is not adequate to explain all the developmental problems of children, An alternative conceptualisation of ADHD as multiple stimuli disorganisation syndrome (MSDS) is proposed.

The Development of Models for Sport Psychology: Examining the USOC Guidelines

1984 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R. Heyman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sport Psychology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Professional Roles ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Developmental Problems ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
United States Olympic Committee

A review of the literature finds a series of articles discussing developmental problems in the field of sport psychology, particularly regarding the definition of professional roles and the establishment of credentialing criteria for these roles. A committee formed by the United States Olympic Committee was the first to establish concrete guidelines, which are reviewed here for their potential positive and negative effects as a model for sport psychology.

scholarly journals Sunlight Effects on Immune System: Is There Something Else in addition to UV-Induced Immunosuppression?

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. González Maglio ◽  
M. L. Paz ◽  
J. Leoni
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Bone Homeostasis ◽  
Human Immune System ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
New Information ◽  
Human Immune ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
The Impact

Sunlight, composed of different types of radiation, including ultraviolet wavelengths, is an essential source of light and warmth for life on earth but has strong negative effects on human health, such as promoting the malignant transformation of skin cells and suppressing the ability of the human immune system to efficiently detect and attack malignant cells. UV-induced immunosuppression has been extensively studied since it was first described by Dr. Kripke and Dr. Fisher in the late 1970s. However, skin exposure to sunlight has not only this and other unfavorable effects, for example, mutagenesis and carcinogenesis, but also a positive one: the induction of Vitamin D synthesis, which performs several roles within the immune system in addition to favoring bone homeostasis. The impact of low levels of UV exposure on the immune system has not been fully reported yet, but it bears interesting differences with the suppressive effect of high levels of UV radiation, as shown by some recent studies. The aim of this article is to put some ideas in perspective and pose some questions within the field of photoimmunology based on established and new information, which may lead to new experimental approaches and, eventually, to a better understanding of the effects of sunlight on the human immune system.

scholarly journals ANTARA KUASA KEBOHONGAN DAN KEBEBASAN BEROPINI WARGA: ANALISIS WACANA FOUCAULDIAN PADA HOAKS PANDEMI CORONA DI INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Wisnu Martha Adiputra
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Production Rules ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
New Space ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Research Show

This research tried to discuss the corona pandemic hoax in the vortex of the paradox of excessive freedom and political rights of citizens in the digital communication process which can be observed, among others, through the government's efforts to report hoaxes about the corona pandemic. The purpose of this research is to under-stand the hoax discourse of the corona pandemic from a Foucauldian perspective that is attached to power and identity in the Monthly Hoax Report conducted by the Ministry of Information and Communication of the Republic of Indonesia. This re-search used the Foucauldian discourse analysis method which uses a variety of con-cepts, including: power, identity, knowledge, dominant discourse and counter-discourse. The results of the research show that there are five unique stages of dis-course analysis, namely the corona pandemic hoax, which is a set of regular and systematic statements through social media that are not detailed, has a variety and production rules that only consist of two types, the powers that are said and those that may be conveyed have in common with the character of the post-truth era, a new space of power that emerges through technological devices and sociocultural con-texts, and connects both material and discursive aspects at the same time to new media artifacts and potential negative effects on citizens

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