scholarly journals Evaluation of Occupational Exposure to Heat Stress and Physiological Responses of Workers in the Rolling Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-120
Author(s):  
Farough Mohammadian ◽  
Ali Salehi Sahl Abadi ◽  
Omid Giahi ◽  
Jamshid Khoubi ◽  
Amin Allah Zarei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Rolling Industry ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Globe Temperature

Background and Objective: Many indices are used to assess occupational heat stress at the work environments. The aim of this study was to evaluate heat stress using Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) index and Discomfort Index (DI), and by measuring physiological responses in the workers of the rolling industry and comparing the appropriateness of these indices for measuring heat stress. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 90 healthy workers of a rolling industry in eastern Tehran in 2017. Physiological parameters of core body temperature (Tcr) and Heart Rate (HR) were measured during the working shift according to ISO9886 standard. At the same time, environmental variables such as the natural wet temperature (Tnw), dry temperature (Td) and globe temperature (Tg) were measured and recorded at the workstations. Then, the DI and the WBGT indices were calculated using the related formulae. Data were analyzed using SPSS v. 21, t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The mean heat stress indices were significantly higher in working conditions than resting conditions, and there was a significant difference between the physiological parameters of Tcr and HR in resting and working conditions (P<0.001). According to the screening criteria of DI, 43.3% of the workers were exposed to the moderate level and 56.7% to the severe level of heat stress. There was a significant difference between the mean WBGT and the Threshold limit values (t= 4.903, P<0.001). Pearson correlation test showed that there was a significant and direct linear relationship between the WBGT and the physiological parameters of Tcr and HR (r=0.317, P=0.002; r=0.434, P<0.001, respectively). The DI index had a significant and direct linear relationship with HR; (r=0.229, P=0.03). Conclusion: The results showed that WBGT is a more appropriate index for evaluating the heat stress of workers in the rolling industry. High heat stress levels at the workstations along with heavy physical activity are health risks for workers in this industry; therefore, interventions must be undertaken to reduce exposure.

Comparing the effectiveness of mother’s live lullaby and recorded lullaby on physiological responses and sleep of preterm infants: a clinical trial study

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Razyeh Namjoo ◽  
Roghayeh Mehdipour-Rabori ◽  
Behnaz Bagherian ◽  
Monirsadat Nematollahi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objectives Environmental stimuli in neonatal intensive care units can disrupt the physiological stability and sleep of infants. It is essential to perform nursing interventions to reduce the adverse effects of such stimuli. This study aimed to compare the effect of recorded lullabies and mothers’ live lullabies on physiological responses and sleep duration of preterm infants. Methods This study was a randomized clinical trial. The participants were 90 preterm infants selected using convenience sampling. In the intervention groups, music (recorded lullabies and mother’s live lullabies) was played for 14 days, 20 min a day, while the control group did not receive any intervention. The data were collected using physiological criteria and infant sleep checklists before, during, and after the intervention. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (Version 21.0). Results The mean scores of physiological parameters (O2 saturation and heart rate) were not significantly different in the three groups before, during, and after the intervention (p>0.05). However, there was an improvement in O2-saturation and a decrease in the heart rate in two intervention groups. The mean duration of the infants’ overnight sleep was not statistically significant between the groups before the intervention (p>0.05). However, there was a statistically significant difference in the intervention groups after the intervention, (p<0.05), and the infants’ overnight sleep was longer in the recorded-lullaby group than the other two groups. Conclusions Although performing interventions, including recorded lullaby and mother’s live lullaby did not differ significantly with that of the control group in physiological criteria, it can be clinically important. In addition, recorded-lullaby increased the infants’ overnight sleeping. Thus, it is suggested that further studies be conducted to confirm the effect of recorded lullaby and mother’s live lullaby interventions on physiological parameters and sleep duration of hospitalized infants.

Effect of season on thermoregulatory responses and energy expenditure of goats on semi-arid range in India

2002 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. SHINDE ◽  
RAGHAVENDRA BHATTA ◽  
S. K. SANKHYAN ◽  
D. L. VERMA
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Semi Arid

A study of the physiological responses and energy expenditure of goats was carried out from June 1999 to May 2000 by conducting two experiments: one on bucks maintained on stall feeding in autumn 1999 (Expt 1) followed by year-round grazing on native ranges over three seasons: monsoon, winter and summer (Expt 2). Physiological responses and energy expenditure (EE) measurements of housed and grazing goats were recorded at 06.00 h and 14.00 h for 5 consecutive days in each season. Goats were fixed with a face mask and meteorological balloon for collection of expired air and measurement of EE. Respiration rate (RR) at 06.00 h was similar in all seasons (14 respiration/min) except in the monsoon, where a significantly (P<0.05) higher value (26 respiration/min) was recorded. At 14.00 h, RR was higher in monsoon and summer (81 and 91 respiration/min) than in winter (52 respiration/min). Irrespective of the season, heart rate (HR) was higher at 14.00 h (86 beat/min) than at 06.00 h (64 beat/min). The rise of rectal temperature (RT) from morning (06.00 h) to peak daily temperature (14.00 h) was 0.9 °C in housed goats in autumn and 1.0, 2.1 and 2.0 °C in grazing goats during monsoon, winter and summer, respectively. The mean value was 1.7 °C. Skin temperature (ST) was lowest in winter (30.1 °C) and highest at 14.00 h in summer (40.3 °C). Energy expenditure of goats at 06.00 h was 32.7 W in winter and significantly (P<0.05) increased to 52.0 W in summer and 107.8 W in monsoon. At 14.00 h, EE was 140.2 W in winter and increased to 389.0 W and 391.3 W respectively in monsoon and summer. It is concluded that monsoon and summer are both stressful seasons in semi-arid regions. Animals should be protected from direct solar radiation during the hottest hours of the day to ameliorate the effect of heat stress.

Validation of a Belgian Prediction Model for Patient Encounters at Football Mass Gatherings

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kris Spaepen ◽  
Door Lauwaert ◽  
Leonard Kaufman ◽  
Winne AP Haenen ◽  
Ives Hubloue
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Mass Gatherings ◽  
Actual Patient ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Correlation Tests ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Patient Presentation

Abstract Background: To validate the Belgian Plan Risk Manifestations (PRIMA) model, actual patient presentation rates (PPRs) from Belgium’s largest football stadium were compared with predictions provided by existing models and the Belgian PRIMA model. Methods: Actual patient presentations gathered from 41 football games (2010-2019) played at the King Baudouin Stadium (Brussels, Belgium) were compared with predictions by existing models and the PRIMA model. All attendees who sought medical help from in-event health services (IEHS) in the stadium or called 1-1-2 within the closed perimeter around the stadium were included. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, Pearson correlation tests, and Wilcoxon singed-rank test. Results: A total of 1,630,549 people attended the matches, with 626 people needing first aid. Both the PRIMA and the Hartman model over-estimated the number of patient encounters for each occasion. The Arbon model under-estimated patient encounters for 9.75% (95% CI, 0.49-19.01) of the events. When comparing deviations in predictions between the PRIMA model to the other models, there was a significant difference in the mean deviation (Arbon: Z = −5.566, P <.001, r = −.61; Hartman: Z = −4.245, P <.001, r = .47). Conclusion: When comparing the predicted patient encounters, only the Arbon model under-predicted patient presentations, but the Hartman and the PRIMA models consistently over-predicted. Because of continuous over-prediction, the PRIMA model showed significant differences in mean deviation of predicted PPR. The results of this study suggest that the PRIMA model can be used during planning for domestic and international football matches played at the King Baudouin Stadium, but more data and further research are needed.

Physiological and biophysical limits to work in the heat for clothed men and women

1978 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 918-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kamon ◽  
B. Avellini ◽  
J. Krajewski
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Evaporative Heat Transfer ◽  
The One

Heat-acclimated, lightly clothed men and women (four of each) walked on a treadmill at 25% and 43% VO2 max, respectively, (M =194 W.m-2), under seven air temperatures (Ta) ranging from 36 to 52 degrees C. Each experiment involved 1 h of fixed and a 2nd h of progressively increasing ambient vapor pressure (Pa). The relative steady state of rectal temperature (Tre), mean skin temperature (Tsk), and heart rate (HR) reached in the 1st h were forced upward during the 2nd h by the rising Pa. The critical air vapor pressure (Pcrit) was identified by the Tre point of inflection for each Ta. One man did not fully reach steady state, but inflection could be determined for his physiological responses. The mean values of all points of inflection were calculated for Tre, Tsk, and HR. Significant sex difference in HR was found only by excluding the results of the one man. Tre and Tsk showed no significant difference between men and women. The coefficient for evaporative heat transfer (he), which could be derived using the Pcrit for the low Ta range, was 14.5 +/- 2.2 W.m-1 Torr-1.

scholarly journals Effects of prophylactic ketamine and pethidine to control postanesthetic shivering: A comparative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 2898-2903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoum Khoshfetrat ◽  
Ali Rosom Jalali ◽  
Gholamreza Komeili ◽  
Aliakbar Keykha
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Normal Saline Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Postanesthetic Shivering ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Way Anova

Background: Shivering is an undesirable complication following general anesthesia and spinal anesthesia, whose early control can reduce postoperative metabolic and respiratory complications. Therefore, this study aims to compare the effects of prophylactic injection of ketamine and pethidine on postoperative shivering. Methods: This double-blind clinical trial was performed on 105 patients with short-term orthopedic and ENT surgery. The patients were randomly divided into three groups; 20 minutes before the end of the surgery, 0.4 mg/kg of pethidine was injected to the first group, 0.5 mg/kg of ketamine was injected to the second group, and normal saline was injected to the third group. After the surgery, the tympanic membrane temperature was measured at 0, 10, 20, and 30 minutes. The shivering was also measured by a four-point grading from zero (no shivering) to four (severe shivering). Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis, Chi-square and Pearson correlation. Results: The mean age of patients was 35.8+/-11.45 years in the ketamine group, 34.8+/-11.64 years in the normal saline group, and 33.11+/-10.5 years in the pethidine group. The one-way ANOVA showed no significant difference in the mean age between the three groups (P=0.645). The incidence and intensity of shivering were significantly higher in the normal saline group than in the ketamine and pethidine groups (p=0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the incidence and the intensity of shivering between the ketamine and the pethidine groups (p=0.936). Conclusion: The results showed that the 0.5 mg/kg of ketamine could control the post-anesthetic shivering.  

scholarly journals Comparison of the Hounsfield Unit Values Obtained From Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) Images for Different Bone Densities

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atefeh Khavid ◽  
Mojgan Sametzadeh ◽  
Mostafa Godiny ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Moarrefpour
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Hounsfield Unit ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background and objective: In recent years, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has become a key diagnostic tool in dentistry. CBCT can provide 3D images of the maxillofacial area to help dental practitioners in diagnosis and treatment, especially implant placement and treatment of pathogenic lesions. This study aimed to compare the Hounsfield Unit (HU) values obtained from CBCT images for bones of different densities with the corresponding HU values from MDCT images. Materials and methods: cube-shaped bone blocks of identical size were cut from the middle section of the cow ribs and femur area such that they had a layer of cortical bone in their buccal, lingual, and top surfaces and trabecular bone in the middle. MDCT scans were performed using a Somatom Sensation Ct Scanner. After determining HU from the results of these scans, nine suitable specimens from different ranges of HU were chosen for comparison. HU of the CBCT images was computed by the dedicated software of the CBCT machine. Finally, HU values obtained from MDCT and CBCT were compared. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25 at the 0.05 significance level. Results: The results showed a statistically significant difference between the mean HU from MDCT images and the mean HU from CBCT images (P<0.05). For similar specimens, CBCT produced higher mean HU values than MDCT. The Pearson correlation test detected a significant direct relationship between the HU values of specimens in MDCT and CBCT (P<0.05). Conclusion: For the tools and software used in this study, there was no significant difference between the HU values obtained from MDCT and CBCT, but the mean HU obtained from CBCT was higher than that from MDCT.

scholarly journals P0316RELATION OF RENAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENTS WITH BODY HEIGHT

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrijana Spasovska Vasilova ◽  
Lada Trajcheska ◽  
Mimoza Milenkova ◽  
Aleksandra Canevska ◽  
Angela Kabova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Kidney Size ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Kidney Length ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background and Aims Kidney size has been found to be correlated with anthropometric features and is different among different ethnicities. In this study, we used ultrasonography for measurement of kidney volumes in healthy individuals and evaluated the relationships with body height, age and gender. Method We conducted a cross-sectional observational study and evaluated 108 healthy individuals whose serum creatinine level was within reference range. Patients’ medical clinical and laboratory records were reviewed. Age, gender and height were recorded. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the strength of association between ultrasonographic parameters with each other and with other parameters, and were expressed as r2. Variations in left and right renal dimensions between various age groups were compared using a one-way analysis of variance, followed by a post-hoc Tukey's test. Results Subjects’ age ranged from 16 to 84 years and the mean age was over 50 years. There was an equal distribution among genders. Strong and positive correlations were seen for the measured length, parenchyma thickness and also for both total and parenchymal volumes with subjects’ height for both kidneys. The strongest correlations were observed for the left and right kidney length and also for the right kidney parenchymal volume (r=0.536, p=0.001; r=0.469, p=0.001; r=0.44, p=0.001). On the opposite, most of the relations with age were negative, but week and insignificant. When we divided the study subjects into three age groups and compared them for the height, there was no significant difference among them. Regarding the parenchymal and total kidney volumes of both kidneys, the different age groups showed similar findings in the ultrasonographic measurements. The mean calculated volumes were slightly declining with age and showed the largest values in the first group of patients under 30 years and lowest values in patients over 70 years old. Ultrasonographic measurements were also compared among the two genders. Both (men and women) showed similar age (53.55 ± 18.22 vs. 50.79 ± 18.13 p= 0.430, respectively). As for the height, men were significantly taller than women (1.734 ± 0.007 vs.1.637 ± 0.005, p= 0.001). The kidney length, volume and parenchymal volumes of both kidneys were significantly larger in men. Conclusion Renal length and volume are strongly correlated with body height. This relation must be considered in clinical decisions on further investigations regarding kidney disease progression.

scholarly journals Changes in the physiological parameters of newborns in the first one hour of life

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1533
Author(s):  
Shasidhar Reddy Y. ◽  
Abdul Mohid Syed ◽  
Gangadhar B. Belavadi
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: The transition from a fetus to a newborn is the most complex adaptation that occurs in human experience. This study assessed three physiological parameters viz. temperature (core and peripheral), oxygen saturation and heart rate so as to avoid the delay in normal transitional adaptation.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was done at Narayana Medical College Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India. A total of 150 neonates born from June 2017 to February 2018 were monitored for heart rate, oxygen saturation, core and peripheral temperature from birth to 60 minutes.Results: Most of the mother’s (45.33%) were aged between 22 to 25 years and the mean age was 23.75±3.64 years. History of consanguineous marriage was noted in 33.33%. The mode of delivery was vaginal in 70.67% of the babies. The mean gestational age was 38.74±1.36 weeks. The birth weight among 62% of the babies was between 2.5 to 3.49 Kgs and mean birth weight was 2.81±0.49 kgs. The meconium stained liquor and requirement of resuscitation was noted in 9.33% and 10.67% respectively.Conclusions: Significant difference was noted with regard to heart rate in babies with active resuscitation, low birth weight (<2.5 kg), meconium stained liquor and warmer care compared to normal babies. There was variation in oxygen saturation in babies who required resuscitation and warmer care, and those who had low birth weight. The mean peripheral and core temperature were different in babies with abdominal care compared to warmer care.

scholarly journals Moral Disengagement and Aggression in Fight Sport Athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Burcu Güvendi ◽  
Ayşe Türksoy Işım
Keyword(s):  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Verbal Aggression ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pearson Correlation Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Significant Correlation

The goal of this study is to investigate the moral disengagement and aggression levels of fight sport athletes according to several independent variables and reveal the relationship among them. The study group consisted of totally 207 fight sport athletes, 88 females and 119 males with age  = 21,99 ± 4,92 and year of sport  = 6,14 ± 5,42. “The Scale of Moral Disengagement in Sport” and “The Questionnaire of Buss-Perry Aggression” were used as data collection tools. Descriptive statistics, t test, ANOVA and Pearson Correlation analysis were used in the analysis of data. While the mean of physical aggression of athletes was found as the highest, verbal aggression had the lowest mean value within the sub-dimensions of aggression, and they stated that they somewhat disagreed with the moral disengagement. It was found that there was a moderate positive significant correlation between moral disengagement and sub-dimensions of anger, hostility, physical and verbal aggressions of aggression scale. Significant difference was observed in the dimension of moral disengagement in accordance with age and year of sport. Physical and verbal aggression scores of males are significantly higher according to gender. The aggression and moral disengagement scores of kickboxers are significantly higher than those of taekwondo athletes in line with the branch. To conclude, it was determined that fight sport athletes did not approve moral disengagement in sport, however, the case of moral disengagement of athletes, who were younger and started the sport recently, was higher and they mostly showed the behaviour of aggression physically.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Dentists' Practice in Obtaining and Recording Medical and Pharmacological History of Patients in Yazd City in 2020

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Hajimaghsoodi ◽  
Ozra Mohiti ◽  
Shadi Paknejad
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Legal Responsibility ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Yazd City

Introduction: Dental profession has an ethical and legal responsibility in patient care. A properly maintained patient record is a very important aspect of this patient care. The aim of this study was to evaluate dentists' practice in obtaining and recording the medical and pharmacological history of patients in Yazd City in 2020. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 197 dentists working in Yazd City were selected during the study and their practice in obtaining and recording medical history was evaluated using a valid questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS23 statistical software t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Out of 197 dentists participating in this study, 93 (52.8%) were male and 104 (47.2%) were female. Their mean age was 39.37± 8.36 years and their mean clinical experience was 6.5± 9.25 years. The mean score of dentists' practice in obtaining and recording the medical and pharmacological history was 61.30±4.95 (range 45-72) out of 72 points. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean score of dentists' practice by gender, clinical experience, university of study and degree (P-value>0.05), but there was a statistically significant relationship between dentists' age and their practice score (P-value=0.040). Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the mean practice source of dentists in obtaining and recording the medical and pharmacological history of patients was good. The effect of gender, university of study and degree on dentists' practice was not significant. However, with increasing age and experience in dentistry, the practice score of dentists was lower.

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