Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic as a New Solvent for Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Its Potential Application in Ligandless Extraction of Cu (II)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Nur Hidayah Sazali ◽  
Tham Wei Jie ◽  
Nurul Yani Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Capric Acid ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Cost

Background: The cost-effective and environmentally benign solvent of hydrophobic deep eutectic (DES) was prepared for the removal of Cu (II) from aqueous solution. Hydrophobic DES has been gaining increasing attention from researchers for the replacement of hazardous solvent consumption in liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). Objectives: To synthesize the hydrophobic DES and optimize the parameters for ligandless LLE using DES, and LLE with DES-LIG, respectively. Materials and Methods: The fatty acid-based DES was prepared using a mixture of capric acid (C10) and lauric acid (C12) as a potential solvent for the extraction of Cu (II). The DES was characterized via FT-IR, NMR, and TGA. The removal percentage of Cu (II) was compared between ligandless LLE and other conventional LLE techniques. DES was used as the solvent in the ligandless LLE, while 1,10-phenanathroline ligand with DES (DES-LIG) was used in the conventional LLE techniques. The optimized parameters such as pH, initial concentration, and contact time for Cu (II) removal were studied and analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Results and Discussion: The ligandless LLE with DES demonstrated the highest removal percentage of Cu (II) at optimum conditions of pH 8, initial concentration of 80 μg mL-1, and contact time of 45 minutes. Conclusion: The removal of Cu (II) was more effective in ligandless LLE using DES.

Biosorption of As(V) from aqueous solutions by living cells of Bacillus cereus

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 1699-1707 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Giri ◽  
R. K. Patel ◽  
P. C. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Biomass Dosage ◽  
Batch Biosorption

In this work, the biosorption of As(V) from aqueous solutions by living cells of Bacillus cereus has been reported. The batch biosorption experiments were conducted with respect to biosorbent dosage 0.5 to 15 g/L, pH 2 to 9, contact time 5 to 90 min, initial concentration 1 to 10 mg/L and temperature 10 to 40 °C. The maximum biosorption capacity of B. cereus for As(V) was found to be 30.04 at pH 7.0, at optimum conditions of contact time of 30 min, biomass dosage of 6 g/L, and temperature of 30 ± 2 °C. Biosorption data were fitted to linearly transformed Langmuir isotherms with R2 (correlation coefficient) >0.99. Bacillus cereus cell surface was characterized using AFM and FTIR. The metal ions were desorbed from B. cereus using both 1 M HCl and 1 M HNO3. The pseudo-second-order model was successfully applied to predict the rate constant of biosorption.

scholarly journals Sustainable Durio zibethinus-Derived Biosorbents for Congo Red Removal from Aqueous Solution: Statistical Optimization, Isotherms and Mechanism Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13264
Author(s):  
A. A. Oyekanmi ◽  
Akil Ahmad ◽  
Siti Hamidah Mohd Setapar ◽  
Mohammed B. Alshammari ◽  
Mohammad Jawaid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Durio Zibethinus ◽  
Biosorption Mechanism ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Operational Range

This investigation reports on the biosorption mechanism of Congo Red dyes (CR) in aqueous solution using acid-treated durian peels, prepared for this study. The biosorbent nature was characterized using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Brunaure-Emmet-Teller (BET). The effect of process parameters within operational range of pH (2–9), contact time (10–200 min), initial concentration (25–400 mg g−1) and temperature (25–65 °C) for the optimum removal of CR dyes was investigated using central composite design (CCD) under response surface methodology (RSM), and revealed that the optimum condition of biosorption was achieved around a pH of 5.5, contact time of 105 min at initial concentration of 212.5 mg L−1 within 45 °C temperature, which corresponds to 95.2% percent removal of CR. The experimental data fitted better to the second order polynomial model, with a correlation coefficient R2 value of 0.9917 and the Langmuir isotherm model with biosorption capacity of 107.52 mg g−1. Gibbs free energy indicated that the adsorption of CR dyes was spontaneous. The mechanism of the adsorption of CR dyes revealed that the biosorption of CR dyes investigated under different operational conditions show that under acidic pH, the adsorption efficiency of the acid treated durian peels is enhanced for the adsorption of CR dye molecules.

scholarly journals Powerful Concentration of Rhodium in Plating Wastewater Using Homogeneous Liquid–Liquid Extraction (HoLLE) and Study for Scale-up

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Kato ◽  
Shotaro Saito ◽  
Shigekatsu Oshite ◽  
Shukuro Igarashi
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Homogeneous Liquid ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Plating Wastewater

A powerful technique for the concentration of rhodium (Rh) in plating wastewater was developed. The technique entails complexing Rh with 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) followed by homogeneous liquid–liquid extraction (HoLLE) with Zonyl FSA. The optimum HoLLE conditions were determined as follows: [ethanol]T = 30.0 vol.%, pH = 4.00, and Rh:PAN = 1:5. Under these optimum conditions, 88.1% of Rh was extracted into the sedimented liquid phase. After phase separation, the volume ratio [aqueous phase (Va) /sedimented liquid phase (Vs)] of Va and Vs was 1000 (50 mL → 0.050 mL). We then applied the new method to wastewater generated by the plating industry. The phase separation was satisfactorily achieved when the volume was scaled up to 1000 mL of the actual wastewater; 84.7% of Rh was extracted into the sedimented liquid phase. After phase separation, Va/Vs was 588 (1000 mL - 1.70 mL).

Calixarenes as Ligands in Environmentally-Benign Liquid-Liquid Extraction Media

2000 ◽  
pp. 223-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann E. Visser ◽  
Richard P. Swatloski ◽  
Deborah H. Hartman ◽  
Jonathan G. Huddleston ◽  
Robin D. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction

Adsorption of Copper(II) on Dithizone-Immobilized Coal Fly Ash

2020 ◽  
Vol 840 ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Violla Bestari Ayu Sabrina Putri ◽  
Dwi Siswanta ◽  
Mudasir Mudasir
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Organic Ligand ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Copper Adsorption ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Ft Ir

The adsorption of Cu (II) ions onto selective adsorbent of coal fly ash from Sugar Factory Madukismo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia modified with dithizone has been investigated in batch mode. Some parameters influencing immobilization of dithizone and adsorption of Cu (II) were optimized including an effect of pH, contact time and initial concentration of Cu (II) ions. The FT-IR and XRD analytical results show that the surface of coal fly ash can be modified by immobilization of selective organic ligand towards Cu (II) ions. The optimum conditions for adsorption of Cu (II) are achieved at pH 5, the optimum mass of DICFA and ACFA for copper adsorption were 0.2 g. Kinetics adsorption for copper ions follows pseudo-second-order kinetics with optimum adsorption contact time 60 min for DICFA and ACFA. Isotherms adsorption for Cu ion follow the Langmuir isotherms with chemisorption process and optimum concentration of Cu ion adsorption of 70 mg.L-1 for DICFA and ACFA.

Aqueous Polymeric Solutions as Environmentally Benign Liquid/Liquid Extraction Media

1999 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 2523-2539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan G. Huddleston ◽  
Heather D. Willauer ◽  
Scott T. Griffin ◽  
Robin D. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Polymeric Solutions

scholarly journals Complex Formation in a Liquid-Liquid Extraction System Containing Cobalt(II), 4-(2-Pyridylazo)resorcinol, and Nitron

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petya Vassileva Racheva ◽  
Kiril Blazhev Gavazov ◽  
Vanya Dimitrova Lekova ◽  
Atanas Nikolov Dimitrov
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Ion Association ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Experimental Parameters

Complex formation and liquid-liquid extraction were studied in a system containing cobalt(II), 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol (PAR), 1,4-diphenyl-3-(phenylamino)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (Nitron, Nt), water, and chloroform. The effect of some experimental parameters (pH, shaking time, concentration of PAR, and concentration of Nt) was systematically investigated, and the optimum conditions for cobalt extraction as an ion-association complex, (NtH+)[Co3+(PAR)2], were found. The following key equilibrium constants were calculated: constant of association (Log β=4.77±0.06), constant of distribution (LogKD=1.34±0.01), and constant of extraction (LogKex=6.11±0.07). Beer’s law was obeyed for Co concentrations up to 1.7 μg mL−1 with a molar absorptivity of 6.0×104 L mol−1 cm−1 at λmax=520 nm. Some additional characteristics, such as limit of detection, limit of quantification, and Sandell’s sensitivity, were estimated as well.

Measuring the Phthalates of Xiangjiang River Using Liquid-Liquid Extraction Gas Chromatography

2011 ◽  
Vol 301-303 ◽  
pp. 752-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Juan Zhu ◽  
Yin Yan Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Dioctyl Phthalate ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Xiangjiang River ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

Objective: To observe the phthalates pollution situation in water environment and design the liquid-liquid extraction gas chromatography method to measure phthalates in Xiangjiang River water. Methods: The water samples were collected from six monitor points of the Xiangjiang River’s Changsha period. After liquid-liquid extraction, gas chromatography was used to measure and analyze the phthalates pollution in this period of the river. Results: Dioctyl phthalate resin (DOP) and dibutyl phthalate (2- ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were detectable in all samples from six monitor points, the concentrations of DEHP were from 0.62-15.23μg/L, DOP were from 0.04-0.21μg/L. Conclusion: The optimum conditions for the extraction of phthalates are: 0.025ml dichloromethane as extraction solvent, centrifuge speed at 4000r/min, extraction time 20 minutes, and this method is appropriate for monitoring the phthalates pollution in water environment.

Adsorption Characters of Mn2+ onto Palygorskites Modified by 1, 10-Phenanthroline and Triethylamine

2010 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Liang Dong Feng ◽  
Bo Qing Chen ◽  
Ying Ying Shi ◽  
Ying Wei Guo ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Kinetics Of Adsorption ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Kinetics Of

1, 10-phenanthroline and triethylamine modified palygorskites were prepared by microwave irradiation, and characterized with FT-IR technique. The effects of contact time, adsorbent dosage, and pH value of the initial solution on the adsorption characters of Mn2+ were investigated. The adsorption of Mn2+ from aqueous solutions using 1, 10-phenanthroline or triethylamine modified palygorskites were investigated. Experiment results indicated that 1,10-phenanthroline and triethylamine molecules have been successfully grafted to palygorskite. The adsorption was rapid during the first 5 minuts and equilibrium were attained within 60 minutes in the initial concentration of Mn2+ of 50 and 100 mg•L-1, and fast adsorption in the first 10 minutes and slowly increased with the contact time due to the adsorption of palygorskite. The 1, 10-phenanthroline modified palygorskites had higher adsorption capacity than triethylamine modified palygorskites. Compared with natural palggorskites, the Mn2+ ions adsorption capacities of palggorskite modified by 1, 10-phenanthroline or triethylamine were significantly improved. There were less difference in the adsorption capacity between different dasages of 1, 10-phenanthroline modified palygorskites, but the adsorption capacity of Mn2+ adsorbed onto triethylamine modified palygorskites decreased with increasing the dosages. A Lagergren pseudo-second order model best described the kinetics of adsorption of Mn2+ onto the modified palygorskites.

Separation of bio-products by liquid–liquid extraction

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Mary Antony ◽  
Dharm Pal ◽  
Kailas Wasewar
Keyword(s):  
Downstream Processing ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Reactive Extraction ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Solvent extraction one of the oldest approaches of separation known, remains one of the most well-known methods operating on an industrial scale. With the availability of variety of solvents as well as commercial equipment, liquid–liquid extractions finds applications in fields like chemicals and bio-products, food, polymer, pharmaceutical industry etc. Liquid–liquid extraction process is particularly suitable for biorefinery process (through conversion using microorganisms), featuring mild operational conditions and ease of control of process. The principles, types, equipment and applications of liquid–liquid extraction for bioproducts are discussed. Currently various intensification techniques are being applied in the field of liquid–liquid extraction for improving the process efficiency like hybrid processes, reactive extraction, use of ionic liquids etc, which are gaining importance due to the cost associated with the downstream processing of the fermentation products (20–50% of total production cost).

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