Emergence of Traditionally Used Foods as Today’s Probioticslong Journey

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malika Arora ◽  
Navdeep Kaur ◽  
Parveen Bansal ◽  
Ashish Baldi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Scientific Substantiation ◽  
Probiotic Microbes

Introduction:Probiotic based food products have become very popular nowadays throughout the world. Due to the steep rise in scientific evidences pointing towards the positive health benefits to humans and animals; probiotic microorganisms are being manufactured by the food manufactures in a range of market products. As per today’s era, traditional foods are being anticipated as a delivery vehicle for probiotics and nutraceuticals. These traditional food products are supposed to alter the gut microbial composition, thus leading to improved gut health. Worldwide market of probiotics based food products is increasing exponentially due to the increased interest of consumers towards traditional home remedies.Materials:The traditional products with therapeutic value and having probiotic characteristics have been searched from various research and reviews article from Ayurveda texts (like Charak Samhita, Sushuruta Samhita, Bhavparkasha Nighantu etc.) and Internet sources such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scopus etc.Results:Though key research developments are going on in the field of probiotic microbes, the use of these in food and pharmaceuticals is a major challenge for both the industry and science sectors. This article summarizes traditionally used probiotics product along with market value, current status, associated health/nutritional claims and potential applications of probiotics for health care professionals and common man. Moreover, this manuscript has highlighted the use of traditional probiotics strain as today’s medicines.Conclusion:In light of ongoing market trends strengthened with presence of the strong scientific evidences for associating health benefits of these probiotic products, there is a need to conduct studies to designate their quality, safety and efficacy. Furthermore, scientific substantiation with supportive evidences of clinical trials is required to be carried out to use probiotics based traditional medical therapy in a safe and judicious manner.

scholarly journals Biophilic Cities and Healthy Societies

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Beatley
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Global Movement ◽  
New Vision ◽  
The Many

Biophilia holds that as a species humans are innately drawn to nature and to living things. Mounting research confirms the many positive health benefits of contact with nature, and the need for daily (and hourly) contact with the natural environment in order to live happy, healthy, meaningful lives. A new vision of Biophilic Cities is put forward here: cities that are nature-abundant, that seek to protect and grow nature, and that foster deep connections with the natural world. This article describes the emergence of this global movement, the new and creative ways that cities are restoring, growing and connecting with nature, and the current status and trajectory of a new global Biophilic Cities Network, launched in 2013. There remain open questions, and significant challenges, to advancing the Biophilic Cities vision, but it also presents unusual opportunities to create healthier, livable cities and societies.

scholarly journals Elicitation of Stress-Induced Phenolic Metabolites for Antimicrobial Applications against Foodborne Human Bacterial Pathogens

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Ashish Christopher ◽  
Dipayan Sarkar ◽  
Kalidas Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Pentose Phosphate ◽  
Plant Food ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Phenolic Metabolites ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Specific Objective

Foodborne bacterial pathogens in consumed foods are major food safety concerns worldwide, leading to serious illness and even death. An exciting strategy is to use novel phenolic compounds against bacterial pathogens based on recruiting the inducible metabolic responses of plant endogenous protective defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. Such stress-inducible phenolic metabolites have high potential to reduce bacterial contamination, and particularly improve safety of plant foods. The stimulation of plant protective response by inducing biosynthesis of stress-inducible phenolics with antimicrobial properties is among the safe and effective strategies that can be targeted for plant food safety and human gut health benefits. Metabolically driven elicitation with physical, chemical, and microbial elicitors has shown significant improvement in the biosynthesis of phenolic metabolites with antimicrobial properties in food and medicinal plants. Using the above rationale, this review focuses on current advances and relevance of metabolically driven elicitation strategies to enhance antimicrobial phenolics in plant food models for bacterial-linked food safety applications. Additionally, the specific objective of this review is to explore the potential role of redox-linked pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) regulation for enhancing biosynthesis of stress-inducible antibacterial phenolics in elicited plants, which are relevant for wider food safety and human health benefits.

scholarly journals A31 COMPLEX ROLE OF DIETARY FIBERS IN IBD: MICROBES MEDIATE FIBER-INDUCED INFLAMMATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 148-150
Author(s):  
H Armstrong ◽  
R Valcheva ◽  
D Santer ◽  
Z Zhang ◽  
A Rieger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Cytokine Secretion ◽  
Dietary Fibers ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
T84 Cells ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Barrier Integrity

Abstract Background Dietary fibers pass through the bowel undigested and are fermented within the intestine by microbes, typically promoting gut health. However, many IBD patients describe experiencing sensitivity to fibers. β-glucan, found on the surface of fungal cells during fungal infection, has been shown to bind to fiber receptors, such as Dectin-1, on host immune cells, resulting in a pro-inflammatory response. These fungal fibres share properties with dietary fibers. Aims As an altered gut microbial composition has been associated with IBD, we hypothesized that the loss of fiber-fermenting microbes populating the gut in IBD could lead to dietary fibers not being efficiently broken down into their beneficial biproducts (e.g. short chain fatty acids; SCFA), resulting in binding of intact fibers to pro-inflammatory host cell receptors. Methods Immune and epithelial cell lines and colonic biopsies cultured ex vivo were incubated with oligofructose or inulin (5g/L), or pre-fermented fibers (24hr anaerobic fermentation). Immune responses were measured by cytokine secretion (ELISA), and expression (qPCR). Barrier integrity was measured by transepithelial resistance (TEER). Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) data of patient fiber consumption were correlated with gut microbes (shotgun sequencing) and immune responses to fiber in patient biopsies. Results Unfermented oligofructose induced IL-1β secretion in leukocytes (macrophage, T cell, neutrophil) and in colon biopsies from pediatric Crohn disease (CD; n=38) and ulcerative colitis (UC; n=20) patients cultured ex vivo, but not in non-IBD patients (n=21). IL-1β secretion was greater in patients with more severe disease. Pre-fermentation of oligofructose by whole-microbe intestinal washes from non-IBD patients or remission patients reduced secretion of IL-1β, while whole microbe intestinal washes from severe IBD patients were unable to ferment oligofructose or reduce cytokine secretion. Fiber effects on IL-1β secretion in biopsies positively correlated with effects on barrier integrity in T84 cells. Fiber-associated immune responses in patient biopsies cultured ex vivo (ELISA) correlated with fiber avoidance (FFQ) and gut microbiome (sequencing) in matching patient samples. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that intolerance and avoidance of prebiotic fibers in select IBD patients is associated with the inability to ferment these fibers, leading to pro-inflammatory immune responses and intestinal barrier disruption. This highlights select disease state scenarios, in which administration of fermentable fibers should be avoided and tailored dietary interventions should be considered in IBD patients. Funding Agencies CIHRWeston Foundation

Current status of xylooligosaccharides: Production, characterization, health benefits and food application

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 506-519
Author(s):  
Ayyappan Palaniappan ◽  
Usha Antony ◽  
Mohammad Naushad Emmambux
Keyword(s):  
Health Benefits ◽  
Current Status

scholarly journals Production of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Hepatic Cell Lineages and Liver Organoids: Current Status and Potential Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
João P. Cotovio ◽  
Tiago G. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Cell Types ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Hepatic Cell ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Organ Shortage ◽  
Cell Lineages ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Liver Organoids

Liver disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, leading to the death of approximately 2 million people per year. Current therapies include orthotopic liver transplantation, however, donor organ shortage remains a great challenge. In addition, the development of novel therapeutics has been limited due to the lack of in vitro models that mimic in vivo liver physiology. Accordingly, hepatic cell lineages derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) represent a promising cell source for liver cell therapy, disease modelling, and drug discovery. Moreover, the development of new culture systems bringing together the multiple liver-specific hepatic cell types triggered the development of hPSC-derived liver organoids. Therefore, these human liver-based platforms hold great potential for clinical applications. In this review, the production of the different hepatic cell lineages from hPSCs, including hepatocytes, as well as the emerging strategies to generate hPSC-derived liver organoids will be assessed, while current biomedical applications will be highlighted.

scholarly journals Probiotics and Oral Health

2010 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 348-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Haukioja
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Viable Bacteria ◽  
Clinical Interest ◽  
Probiotic Lactobacilli

The number of products containing probiotics, viable bacteria with proven health benefits, entering the market is increasing. Traditionally, probiotics have been associated with gut health, and most clinical interest has been focused on their use for prevention or treatment of gastrointestinal infections and diseases; however, during the last decade several investigators have also suggested the use of probiotics for oral health purposes. The aim of this review is to examine potential mechanisms of probiotic bacteria in the oral cavity and summarize observed effects of probiotics with respect to oral health. The review focuses on probiotic lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, genera that are most used in various probiotic products. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:348-355)

scholarly journals Current status of genus Impatiens: Bioactive compounds and natural pigments with health benefits

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleomar O. Pires ◽  
Cristina Caleja ◽  
Carolina C. Garcia ◽  
Isabel C.F.R. Ferreira ◽  
Lillian Barros
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Natural Pigments

Gut health benefits of brown seaweed Ecklonia radiata and its polysaccharides demonstrated in vivo in a rat model

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 676-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suvimol Charoensiddhi ◽  
Michael A. Conlon ◽  
Pawadee Methacanon ◽  
Christopher M.M. Franco ◽  
Peng Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Ecklonia Radiata

scholarly journals Dietary Nitrite: from menace to marvel

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan S. Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Biomedical Science ◽  
No Production ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Rigorous Research ◽  
Science Community ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate ◽  
Nutrition Epidemiology

Background: There are now indisputable health benefits of nitrite when administered in a clinical setting for specific diseases.  Most of the published reports identify the production of nitric oxide (NO) as the mechanism of action for nitrite.  Basic science as well as clinical studies demonstrates nitrite and/or nitrate can restore NO homeostasis as an endothelium independent source of NO that may be a redundant system for endogenous NO production.  Nitrate must first be reduced to nitrite by oral commensal bacteria and then nitrite further reduced to NO along the physiological oxygen gradient.  Despite decades of rigorous research on its safety and efficacy as a curing agent, sodium nitrite is still regarded by many as a toxic undesirable food additive.  However, research within the biomedical science community has revealed enormous therapeutic benefits of nitrite that is currently being developed as novel therapies for conditions associated with nitric oxide insufficiency.  This review will highlight the fundamental biochemistry of nitrite and nitrate in human physiology and provide evidence that nitrite and nitrate be considered essential nutrients.  Foods or diets enriched with nitrite can have profound positive health benefits. Keywords: nitrite, nitrate, nitric oxide, curing, nutrition, epidemiology, cardiovascular, cancer, diet, nitrosamines, antioxidants

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