Reliability and functional safety as the main components of the quality of passenger cars

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Petrov ◽  
G. V. Raykov ◽  
Yu. V. Kornev ◽  
N. B. Karavanova
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Functional Safety ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
State Supervision ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Selection Of

Quality of passenger cars is a complex property, depending on the reliability and functional safety of the cars. Therefore, guided by the standard definition of the term "quality", satisfaction of the parties concerned, in this case passengers, customer, carrier, infrastructure owner, supplier or state supervision bodies, can be achieved by meeting the requirements objectively established to the noted indicators. In order to establish the requirements for the reliability and functional safety of passenger cars, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: Selection of the nomenclature of indicators taking into account the peculiarities of using passenger cars for their intended purpose. Development of calculation methods and selection of parameters of test plans for reliability for the established nomenclature of indicators. Determination of the achieved level of reliability and safety of cars based on selected indicators. Establishment of standardized values of indicators taking into account achieved level on the basis of the principle of reasonable sufficiency. The article shows the nomenclature of the applied indicators of reliability and safety of passenger cars, as well as formulas for their calculation, accepted criteria for failures and limiting states of cars, requirements for the accuracy and reliability of the measured indicators. The work concludes that the establishment of requirements for indicators of reliability and functional safety of passenger cars allows taking into account the interests of all involved parties. For passengers, infrastructure owner and state supervision bodies, interests in the field of traffic safety will be taken into account; for the carrier - these requirements will be taken into account in terms of timely and safe transportation of passengers; for the customer - in terms of ensuring the good technical condition of the cars; for the manufacturer - in terms of preserving the reputation, ensuring the competitiveness of products, reducing costs to eliminate inconsistencies in its quality.

Investigation of the interaction of car wheels with the stand rollers during braking

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
Igor Мarmut ◽  
◽  
Andriy Kashkanov ◽  
Vitaliy Kashkanov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Power Model ◽  
Equilibrium Equations ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Complex Objects ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Four Wheel Drive

The article discusses the issues of modeling conditions for obtaining diagnostic information about complex objects. As an example, the study of the braking qualities of four-wheel drive cars on an inertial roller stand is considered. Diagnosing the technical condition of cars from the point of view of traffic safety is one of the most important problems. This is especially important for systems whose technical condition affects traffic safety: especially braking systems. Foreign and domestic experience testifies to the effectiveness of instrumental control. The diagnostic equipment includes roller stands, on which you can check the braking properties of cars. As shown by many studies, in particular, carried out at the Department of Technical Operation and Service of Automobiles, KhNADU (HADI), inertial stands provide more reliable information about the technical condition of the car. Such stands allow you to reproduce the real speed and thermal modes of the brakes (especially those equipped with ABS). To improve the accuracy of diagnosing a car on a roller stand, it is necessary to have an idea of the nature of the interaction of the car wheels with the rollers. The studies of wheel rolling on the stand rollers have been carried out by many authors since the 80s of the last century. However, all these studies were carried out on uniaxial stands and for mono-drive vehicles. Nowadays, a large number of passenger cars have four-wheel drive. Rolling of the wheels of such cars on rollers and their interaction has practically not been studied. Therefore, a return to the study of this issue is relevant. A power model of the system of interaction between the car and the stand has been developed, taking into account the design features of the stand and the design features of the car's suspension. The power model of the system under consideration contains the equilibrium equations of the body and two bridges and the equations of motion of the rollers and wheels of the car. Based on the results of the analysis of the acting forces in the "car-stand" system, the braking moments on the wheels M and the coefficients of the use of the load q during the braking tests of a 4x4 vehicle were determined. The obtained research results allowed to improve the theory of interaction of a car wheel with the rollers of an inertial diagnostic stand.

scholarly journals Functional Unit for Impact Assessment in the Mining Sector—Part 1

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9313
Author(s):  
Julien Bongono ◽  
Birol Elevli ◽  
Bertrand Laratte
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Functional Unit ◽  
Multiscale Approach ◽  
Mining Sector ◽  
End Use ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Sector Part ◽  
Selection Of

More and more efforts are directed towards the standardization of the methods of determining the functional unit (FU) in a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). These efforts concern the development of theories and detailed methodological guides, but also the evaluation of the quality of the FU obtained. The objective of this article is to review this work in order to propose, using a multiscale approach, a method for defining the FU in the mining sector, which takes into account all the dimensions of the system under study. In this first part, the emphasis is on identifying the shortcomings of the FU. The absence of a precise normative framework specific to each sector of activity, as well as the complex, multifunctional and hard-to-scale nature of the systems concerned, are at the origin of the flexibility in the selection of the FU. This lack of a framework, beyond generating a heterogeneous definition of the FU for the same system, most often leads to an incomplete formulation of this sensitive concept of LCA. It has been found that key parameters such as the end-use of a product or process, as well as the interests of stakeholders, are hardly taken into account in the specification of the FU.

scholarly journals The formation of engine parks of the construction organizations with accounting of energy efficiency and environmental friendliness

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 08024
Author(s):  
Sergey Prochorov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Ecological Planning ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Construction Organizations ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
Technical Operation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Optimal Set

Increase in energy efficiency of construction allows reducing costs of technical operation of parks of the equipment and increasing construction energy saving level in general. To achieve these goals, it is offered to apply modern methods of the organization and works, to use the hi-tech construction equipment, and also to form an optimum set of mechanization for construction and installation works. A criterion of optimization is the cost of work. In definition of performance data of the car at the enterprise, its energy efficiency is taken into account, the options are compared, and the optimal set of cars is formed. During the solution of the task, conclusions were formulated, showing that ecological planning and steering together with energy audit on the construction site allow more rational formation of parks of cars, improving ecological component and quality of construction works.

scholarly journals VARIABILITY MANAGEMENT OF EFFICIENT VEHICLE OPERATION BASED ON FUNCTIONAL RESONANCE ANALYSIS METHOD

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
O.P. SAKNO ◽  
T.M. KOLESNIKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Technical System ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Resonance Analysis ◽  
Maintenance Work ◽  
Technical Operation ◽  
Definition Of

Raising of problem. The methodology presented in this study is aimed at modeling the variability of the technical condition when operating a car in a complex social and technical system "car − person − environment". This allows you to simulate the change in the operational properties of the car depending on its operation, affecting the change in the technical condition by the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM). Purpose. The variability of the technical operation of the car needs to be managed, and not reduced or eliminated, since this is an advantage, as well as conditions for the safety and functioning of complex socio-technical systems. To control it, you must first monitor the variability of the vehicle's technical operation. A set of relevant indicators needs to be identified and developed. Their interpretation makes it possible to draw conclusions about the level of technical condition, operational properties of the vehicle and traffic safety and supports the prediction of the occurrence of future events (failure occurrence). Conclusion. Thus, the basic principles of the FRAM for modeling the variability of the technical condition when operating a car in a complex social and technical system "car − person − environment" have been determined. The relationship has been established between the definition of traffic safety, the FRAM model and the performance indicators of the vehicle. The developed model of the FRAM for maintenance of the undercarriage of cars, consisting of a set of functions that describe the actions taken to maintain cars to ensure their good condition. A block diagram of the implementation of functionally oriented technologies for the maintenance and repair of cars has been developed, taking into account the design features and the level of technology for technical influences. This allows you to objectively determine the required scope of maintenance work, depending on the results of diagnostics and the availability of technological equipment.

scholarly journals Selection criteria of optimal characteristic material and technologies for precision processing of basic working surface of human hip-joint implant

2018 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 01015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Turmanidze ◽  
Predrag Dašić ◽  
Giorgi Popkhadze
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
Spherical Surface ◽  
Sapphire Crystal ◽  
Spherical Surfaces ◽  
Degree Of Orientation ◽  
Original Scheme ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Influence Degree ◽  
Selection Of

In view of the fact that the endo-prosthesis heads of human hip-joint are operated in extreme conditions, in respect of load, the selection of corresponding material and also increase of precision and quality of machining of spherical surfaces is rather topical task. In the submitted work are reviewed the problems connected with definition of the influence degree of orientation of the sapphire crystal on its workability during diamond grinding with a butt of the ring and elaboration of the perspective, original scheme of formation of the incomplete spherical surface, particularly, of the sapphire head of endo-prosthesis of the human hip-joint.

Timing Space and Spacing Time

1975 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 651-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
D N Parkes ◽  
N Thrift
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Similar Consideration ◽  
Accordion Effect ◽  
Urban Behaviour ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Selection Of

A plea is made for a chronosophical approach to the selection of dimensions of time which might be relevant to the description and explanation of urban processes. Following the definition of some basic terms and concepts which might be used in the future development of a notational schema, the paper considers some possibilities which are inherent in the idea of timing space. This is followed by similar consideration of the idea of spacing time. These themes are compounded in a simple example which suggests that fundamental ongoing processes in daily urban behaviour are usefully summarised by what we call the accordion effect. The final section proposes that new insights into the problem of evaluating the quality of life of urban residents are obtained when such an approach is taken.

scholarly journals Approaches to Modelling Territorial Brand

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana G. Butova ◽  
Irina V. Krotova ◽  
Evgenia A. Demakova ◽  
Ekaterina Iu. Iakovleva ◽  
Vasily N. Morgun
Keyword(s):  
Structural Models ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
Consumer Values ◽  
Strategic Goals ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Theoretic Solution ◽  
Stable Development ◽  
Selection Of

Strategic goals of stable development of territories of all levels at the expense of producing competitive goods and increase in export potential of regional producers, as well as the need to improve quality of life, have justified the necessity of using effective technologies for territory branding, which, in turn, requires theoretic solution of some scientific problems in terminological and instrumental areas of knowledge. Current problems of the regional branding as the branding of special areas have got less attention than national and regional branding, which has led to the lack of common concepts and continuation of terminological discussions, and also searching for universal model of the regional branding. Researches done by the specialists in this area have allowed us to know their views on the definition of the term “regional branding” in relation to the need to develop structural models of brands (different for different regions), to consider commodity brands as preferrable constituent parts of regional brands, to develop integrated model of consumer values which form preferences in selection of food products of well-known brands and brands of local producers. In the conclusion of the present work there is a list of problems to be solved in future studies through interdisciplinary approaches

scholarly journals Development of the prospective specialists’ professional responsibility

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
Liliia Mykolaivna Potapiuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Professional Responsibility ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Professional Requirements ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Further Development

Increasing the level of the prospective specialists' professional responsibility is an important aspect of preparing young people for life and work in a highly-competitive and dynamic society. Professional training of the competitive professionals is inextricably interwoven with the development of their abilities, worldview, cognitive independence, moral and ethical culture, national consciousness, ability to perform tasks at a high professional level, solve life and personal problems. With reference to the scientific sources, the article describes varied approaches to the definition of the concept of responsibility. In the focus of the study are the most essential issues of the notion of future specialist's professional responsibility. The author argues that professional responsibility reflects the objectively necessary relationships in a team, which are characterized by a conscious need to fulfill professional requirements, moral and professional duties, social norms, to be responsible for the professional actions as to the colleagues, team, and society. The article highlights the most important areas of vocational education improvement, focusing on the most favorable conditions for the professional responsibility formation, describes the set of factors, requirements, and influences aimed at facilitating the process. Pedagogical conditions involve the factors and professional interests, which contribute to the future specialist's self-sufficiency and self-criticism development, provide for the disclosure of the personality potential, influence the formation of professionally significant qualities of future specialists, improve the quality of their training and inspire the specialist for further development, transformation, and integration into the European and world community. The study has revealed that the mechanisms of professional responsibility formation work more efficiently owing to the implementation of properly selected pedagogical approaches in the process of training. The main components that determine the level of professional responsibility are identified. The key findings of the study argue that the quality of the formation process of the professional responsibility of the prospective specialist depends greatly on the gradual and manageable training, filling the training content with integrative combination of personal, pedagogical and professional components, development of the organizational principles based on the combination of theory and practice, involving students in various types of activity.

scholarly journals A Novel Approach to Medical Tourism Support System

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 942-944
Author(s):  
Ms. Pooja Sangitrao
Keyword(s):  
Medical Tourism ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
User Profile ◽  
Medical Support ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Medical Recommendations ◽  
Medical Tourist ◽  
Selection Of

A new model with decision support capabilities to assist medical tourism customers is to be develop. The analysis of popularity and quality of medical tourist applications are conducted. The information sources used to arrange medical tourism trips are given in the paper. The formation of the user's medical recommendations is based on the information about symptoms of the user, processing of this information, creation / search of the user medical card, search for the coincidence of the user's symptoms with the signs of illness, finding the best treatment option for the user. The system to support medical tourism consists of seven interdependence components: user interface, user profile analysis, definition of the user disease, selection of hospitals and doctors, communication with doctors and tour organization. The system to support medical tourism which provides the user with the all necessary information about the travel organization and medical support is described. Tasks that require further research are defined.

scholarly journals On the necessity of a single approach to written medical expert conclusions

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
I. A. Evteeva ◽  
S. V. Shigeev
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Medical Expert ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Single Approach ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of the study was to study the available approaches to the formulation and quality control of forensic medical expert conclusions. We have studied the literature sources containing recommendations on drawing up expert opinions and improving their quality. After a selection of scientific publications and publications on the subject matter with the help of a descriptive method, the article presents the existing approaches to this problem. As a result of the conducted research, the absence of any general objective requirements for expert conclusions was revealed. The development of unified standards for writing and the definition of “signs of quality” of expert conclusions is a promising task of forensic science and practice, the solution of which will improve the quality of examinations.

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