scholarly journals Exploring the Role of Emotions and Moods in Decision Making: Study on the Use of Structured Decision Approach and Intuition

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sehar Zulfiqar ◽  
A. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Negative Mood State ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Structured Approach

Emotions and moods can play a significant role in the decision making. The present paper contest this point by providing evidence on the two important approaches used in decision making that is structured decision approach and intuition. For this purpose data was gathered from 150 respondents in two different groups. Chi square test, independent sample t-test and logistic regression analysis were used to test the hypothesis. The results of the study reveal that individuals with positive and negative mood state vary significantly in their use of structured decision approach and intuition. The individuals with negative mood state are more likely to use all steps of structured decision approach as compared to the individuals in the positive mood state. The results of the study further reveal that the individual’s emotional state significantly predicted the use of structured approach and intuition in decision making.

Decision Making under Uncertainty and Information Processing in Positive and Negative Mood States

2014 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachi Nandan Mohanty ◽  
Damodar Suar
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Decision Making Under Uncertainty ◽  
Heuristic Information Processing ◽  
Institute Of Technology

This study examines whether mood states (a) influence decision making under uncertainty and (b) affect information processing. 200 students at the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur participated in this study. Positive mood was induced by showing comedy movie clips to 100 participants and negative mood was induced by showing tragedy movie clips to another 100 participants. The participants were administered a questionnaire containing hypothetical situations of financial gains and losses, and a health risk problem. The participants selected a choice for each situation, and stated the reasons for their choice. Results suggested that the participants preferred cautious choices in the domain of gain and in health risk problems and risky choices in the domain of loss. Analysis of the reasons for the participants' choices suggested more fluency, originality, and flexibility of information in a negative mood compared to a positive mood. A negative (positive) mood state facilitated systematic (heuristic) information processing.

scholarly journals The effect of positive mood induction on emotional processing in euthymic individuals with bipolar disorder and controls

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 785-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Roiser ◽  
A. Farmer ◽  
D. Lam ◽  
A. Burke ◽  
N. O'Neill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Attentional Biases ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Emotional Bias

BackgroundMany studies have used negative mood induction techniques to investigate the effect of emotional state on cognitive performance but positive mood induction paradigms have been used less frequently. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of positive mood induction on emotional processing in euthymic individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) and controls.MethodPreviously, we reported that positive mood induction using a novel technique based on feedback produced a longer-lasting effect in euthymic individuals with BD than controls (Farmer et al.2006). Here we report the effect of mood induction on two tests of emotional processing, the Affective Go/No-go test (AGNG) and the Cambridge Gamble task (CGT), on which BD patients in the manic phase differ in their performance from controls.ResultsFollowing positive mood induction, bipolar cases exhibited a positive emotional bias on the AGNG and performed more slowly than controls on the CGT, particularly when making more difficult decisions.ConclusionsThese data confirm that positive mood induction is more effective in individuals with BD than controls. They also suggest that alterations in decision making and attentional biases occur even with transient and subtle changes in mood in bipolar disorder.

State affective instability in borderline personality disorder assessed by ambulatory monitoring

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 961-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
ULRICH W. EBNER-PRIEMER ◽  
JANICE KUO ◽  
NIKOLAUS KLEINDIENST ◽  
STACY S. WELCH ◽  
THOMAS REISCH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Ambulatory Monitoring ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Negative Mood State ◽  
Diary Studies ◽  
Affective Instability

Background. Although affective instability is an essential criterion for borderline personality disorder (BPD), it has rarely been reported as an outcome criterion. To date, most of the studies assessing state affective instability in BPD using paper-pencil diaries did not find indications of this characteristic, whereas in others studies, the findings were conflicting. Furthermore, the pattern of instability that characterizes BPD has not yet been identified.Method. We assessed the affective states of 50 female patients with BPD and 50 female healthy controls (HC) during 24 hours of their everyday life using electronic diaries.Results. In contrast to previous paper-and-pencil diary studies, heightened affective instability for both emotional valence and distress was clearly exhibited in the BPD group but not in the HC group. Inconsistencies in previous papers can be explained by the methods used to calculate instability (see Appendix). In additional, we were able to identify a group-specific pattern of instability in the BPD group characterized by sudden large decreases from positive mood states. Furthermore, 48% of the declines from a very positive mood state in BPD were so large that they reached a negative mood state. This was the case in only 9% of the HC group, suggesting that BPD patients, on average, take less time to fluctuate from a very positive mood state to a negative mood state.Conclusion. Future ambulatory monitoring studies will be useful in clarifying which events lead to the reported, sudden decrease in positive mood in BPD patients.

scholarly journals Heart Rate Variability as a Marker of Changes in Mood State in Daily Life by Photoplethysmography Technique

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-103
Author(s):  
Santosh Kumar Deo ◽  
Kopila Agrawal ◽  
Prem Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Mood States ◽  
State Condition ◽  
Negative Mood State

Introduction: The different mood states in our daily life can affect our mental and emotional health. The aim of our study was to explore photoplethysmography to record heart rate variability as a marker of changes in mood states in our daily life.Materials and Methods: Two groups of affective pictures categorized into positive and negative sets were shown to thirty subjects on two different consecutive days with simultaneously recording of heart rate variability for 5 minutes by photoplethysmography technique. Immediately after recording on each day, 0-9 self-assessment scale was used to assess the mood state of the subject after viewing the set of pictures.Results: Sympathetic domains of heart rate variability like low frequency (200.3 ±4.1 vs. 166.7 ±2.8, p<0.05), low- and high frequency ratio (1.45 ± 0.21 vs. 0.55 ± 0.07, p<0.05) and low frequency (55.8 ± 2.9 vs. 38.6 ± 2.8, p<0.05) significantly increased in negative mood state condition as compared to positive mood state condition. High frequency (157.9 ± 3.9 vs. 264.3 ± 5.3, p<0.05) and high frequency (44 ± 2.9 vs. 61.2 ±4.2, p< 0.05) significantly increased in positive mood state condition as compared to negative mood state condition. There was significant increase in heart rate (78 ± 2.99 vs. 73 ± 3.11, p<0.05) in negative mood state as compared to positive mood state.Conclusions: Increase in sympathetic activity during negative mood state and increase in parasympathetic activity during positive mood state measured by photoplethysmography technique validates this easy and noninvasive mental assessment tool to determine different mood states.

scholarly journals The Role of Phenotypic Personality Traits as Dimensions of Decision-making Styles

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-95
Author(s):  
Osman Gulseven ◽  
Jacques Mostert
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Personality Styles ◽  
Decision Making Styles ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background:Each individual has unique personality traits which affect decision-making process. Those traits are defined as cautiousness, openness to experience, decision difficulty, agency, emotion neutrality, goal orientation, intuitive awareness, plan orientation, pro-activity, and rationality.Objective:The study aimed to show how established personality traits as dimensions of decision-making can be used to classify four distinct decision-making styles. The personality styles are defined as avoidant, designer, flexible, and auditor styles.Methods:A global survey was conducted to gather information on individual decision-making styles. Quantitative methods, such as tabular analysis, mean score equivalency test, correlation analysis, discriminant analysis and chi-square test for association have been used.Results:We found that there are significant gender differences in personality styles. This is partially due to the differences in emotion-neutrality scores among men and women. Female respondents are more emotional, a finding that is common in educational workers.Conclusion:The results reinforce that gender differences in emotions exist. For a socially interactive occupation such as education, being emotional might lead to better communication.

The Role of Gender and Sensation Seeking in Film Choice

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita C. Banerjee ◽  
Kathryn Greene ◽  
Marina Krcmar ◽  
Zhanna Bagdasarov ◽  
Dovile Ruginyte
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Arousal ◽  
Subject Design ◽  
Happy Mood

This study demonstrates the significance of individual difference factors, particularly gender and sensation seeking, in predicting media choice (examined through hypothetical descriptions of films that participants anticipated they would view). This study used a 2 (Positive mood/negative mood) × 2 (High arousal/low arousal) within-subject design with 544 undergraduate students recruited from a large northeastern university in the United States. Results showed that happy films and high arousal films were preferred over sad films and low-arousal films, respectively. In terms of gender differences, female viewers reported a greater preference than male viewers for happy-mood films. Also, male viewers reported a greater preference for high-arousal films compared to female viewers, and female viewers reported a greater preference for low-arousal films compared to male viewers. Finally, high sensation seekers reported a preference for high-arousal films. Implications for research design and importance of exploring media characteristics are discussed.

Breastfeeding practices among mothers of infants in Peringara Panchayat in Pathanamthitta District

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aswathy S. ◽  
Lakshmi M. K.
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breastfeeding Practices ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Type Of Delivery ◽  
Initiation Of Breastfeeding

The study was aimed to assess the breastfeeding practices among mothers of infants in Peringara Gramapanchayat in Kerala. Study was a community based cross-sectional study among mothers of infants in Peringara gramapanchayat using a pretested questionnaire. 142 breastfeeding mothers of infants in Peringara gramapanchayat were studied and mothers who were not present at home during the study were excluded from the study. Study period consisted of 18 days between December 2015 and January 2016. Study variables includes type of delivery, initiation of breastfeeding, breastfeeding practices and role of ASHAs in promoting good breastfeeding practices. Statistical analysis was done using Pearson’s Chi-square test and T test. The study found that exclusive breastfeeding has been done by 68.3% of mothers. There is no practice of giving pre-lacteal feed, 95.8% of mothers have given colostrum to the new born. Statistically significant association was found between the type of delivery and time of initiation of breastfeeding (p less than 0.05). Time of initiation of breastfeeding was prolonged in case of Caesarean section. 49.3% of mothers have breastfed the baby within one hour. 55.6% of mothers were informed about importance of breastfeeding by ASHAs and only 20.4% of mothers were informed about period of exclusive breastfeeding and period of complimentary feeding by ASHAs.

scholarly journals Association of cervical carcinogenesis risk with HPV16 E6 and E7 variants in the Taizhou area, China

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei-Zhen Dai ◽  
Yi Qiu ◽  
Xing-Hong Di ◽  
Wei-Wu Shi ◽  
Hui-Hui Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cervical Carcinogenesis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Hpv16 E6 ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
E6 And E7

Abstract Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 accounts for a larger share of cervical cancer and has been a major health problem worldwide for decades. The progression of initial infection to cervical cancer has been linked to viral sequence properties; however, the role of HPV16 variants in the risk of cervical carcinogenesis, especially with longitudinal follow-up, is not fully understood in China. Methods We aimed to investigate the genetic variability of HPV16 E6 and E7 oncogenes in isolates from cervical exfoliated cells. Between December 2012 and December 2014, a total of 310 single HPV16-positive samples were selected from women living in the Taizhou area, China. Sequences of all E6 and E7 oncogenes were analysed by PCR-sequencing assay. Detailed sequence comparison, genetic heterogeneity analyses and maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree construction were performed with BioEdit Sequence Alignment Editor and MEGA X software. Data for cytology tests and histological diagnoses were obtained from our Taizhou Area Study with longitudinal follow-up for at least 5 years. The relationship between HPV16 variants and cervical carcinogenesis risk was analysed by the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. Results In this study, we obtained 64 distinct variation patterns with the accession GenBank numbers MT681266-MT681329. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 98.3% of HPV16 variants belong to lineage A, in which the A4 (Asian) sublineage was dominant (64.8%), followed by A2 (12.1%), A1 (11.4%), and A3 (10.0%). The A4 (Asian) sublineage had a higher risk of CIN2+ than the A1–3 (European) sublineages (OR = 2.69, 95% CI = 1.04–6.97, P < 0.05). Furthermore, nucleotide variation in HPV16 E6 T178G is associated with the development of cervical cancer. Conclusion These data could provide novel insights into the role of HPV16 variants in cervical carcinogenesis risk in China.

scholarly journals Leadership and Motivation as Important Aspects of the International Company’s Corporate Culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3916
Author(s):  
Ingrida Košičiarová ◽  
Zdenka Kádeková ◽  
Peter Štarchoň
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Leadership Motivation ◽  
Kendall Rank Correlation ◽  
Friedman's Test ◽  
Chi Square Test

Although the issue of corporate culture has been taken over and addressed in the literature from various perspectives, there are very few researchers about the role of leadership and motivation in it, respectively very few researchers have addressed them as important components of the international company’s corporate culture. The present paper aims to point out that leadership and motivation can be perceived as important aspects of the international company’s corporate culture. The object of the investigation was an international company (situated in Italy) and its five subsidiaries (situated in Italy, Czech Republic, Germany, and Turkey). As the main research method, there was chosen the method of the questionnaire survey, which was attempted by all the company’s employees (totally 270 respondents). The questionnaire was divided into three separate, but logically related parts—leadership, motivation, and corporate culture, and submitted to two groups of respondents—the company’s management and its employees. In total 11 hypotheses were formulated and further evaluated by the methods of Pearson Chi-square Test, Fisher’s Exact Test, Cramer’s V coefficient, Kendall rank correlation coefficient, Eta coefficient, Spearman coefficient, Mann–Whitney U test and Wilcoxon W statistics, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Friedman’s test. The results of the research have proven that leadership and motivation are important parts of the corporate culture.

Impact on parents of feeding young children with congenital or acquired cardiac disease

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 574-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Imms
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Negative Mood State ◽  
Congenital Cardiac Disease ◽  
Culturally Based ◽  
Emerging Themes

AbstractFeeding an infant is an interactive process that facilitates social, emotional and culturally based skills. Children with congenital or acquired cardiac disease frequently require supportive regimes with regard to feeding so as to maintain weight, resulting in altered experiences for both the child and family. This study evaluated the practical, emotional and social ramifications for parents, of having a child with cardiac disease who also experienced difficulties with oral feeding. The study sampled three groups of parents who had children less than 3 years of age: those with cardiac disease who had difficulty in feeding, those with cardiac disease and no such difficulty, and those with no medical diagnosis. Parents completed a questionnaire about feeding, a time diary of activities involved in feeding, and Tuckman's Mood Thermometers, which measure anger and ‘poorness-of-mood’ associated with feeding the identified child. Parents of children with cardiac disease and a feeding difficulty reported a significantly more negative mood-state, and significantly longer time associated with feeding, than parents of children in the other two groups. Emerging themes from qualitative analysis of the data suggested that having a child with congenital cardiac disease producing difficulty in feeding had a strong negative impact on the whole family.

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