scholarly journals CLINICAL FEATURES OF THE REHABILITATION PERIOD AFTER THE PREVIOS MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND DECOMPENSATED HEART FAILURE WITH ACCOUNT OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
І. P. Vakaliuk ◽  
K. V. Levandovska ◽  
N. B. Tymochko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Exercise Tolerance ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Study Groups

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are known to account for one-third of all deaths worldwide. According to the American Heart Association, 18% of men and 35% of women with prior acute myocardial infarction (AMI) developed recurrent AMI within 6 years after initial MI; 22% of men and 46% of women were disabled due to the development of chronic heart failure (CHF). The purpose of the research: to analyse clinical features of recovering period after myocardial infarction taking into account cardiovascular risk factors. Materials and methods of the research. 175 persons with myocardial infarction and related risk factors were examined. Study groups were homogenous by age, gender, disease severity, clinical signs of decompensation, that served as a basis for inclusion of the patients in the research. All patients underwent the general-clinical examination (pain syndrome analysis, medical history, objective signs), clinical and instrumental (electrocardiography, echocardioscopy, 6-minute walk test, in a quiet 30-50-m long hospital corridor in the morning) and laboratory tests (lipidogram, leptin level). Study groups were homogenous by age, gender, disease severity, duration of the post-infarction period, clinical signs of decompensation. All patients were divided into groups according to the presence of risk factors: group 1 of MI with HF (74 patients), group 2 – MI with AH (76 patients), group 3 – MI and obesity (72 patients); group 4 consisted of patients with all risk factors (78 patients) together. The obtained results were statistically processed on the personal computer by means of an advanced analytics software package STATISTICA-7 and a statistical software package “Microsoft-Excel” using the statistical variation analysis. Research results and their discussion. The most important cardiovascular risk factors, which aggravate the post infarction period are age, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart failure, congenital and acquired valvular defects, obesity. In patients with heart failure, recovering period is characterized by stabile heartbeat, reduced exercise tolerance combined with progressing dilatation of left ventricular chambers in 83.78% of patients. Patients with arterial hypertension have stable anginal pain syndrome and reduced exercise tolerance (89.47% of cases). In obese patients, consistent fatigue, general weakness, dyspnoea, high levels of total cholesterol and leptin in blood serum (81.94% of patients) are mostly observed. In patients with combined heart failure, arterial hypertension, obesity, the recovery period clinics after myocardial infarction is characterized by significantly reduce of exercise tolerance (92.30% of patients). Shortness of breath, which was accompanied by heart palpitations, was prevalent in the group of patients with HF (89.1%) and was the least manifested in the group of patients with obesity (52.7%). Conclusions. Changes in cardiac hemodynamics in patients who had undergone the myocardial infarction with concomitant heart failure and with a combination of risk factors were accompanied by the eccentric hypertrophy onset, characterized by a combination of the left venricle cavities dilation with hypertrophy of its walls and the decreased contractility. The presence of decompensated heart failure significantly degrades the performance of six-minute walk test.

Abstract P347: The Impact of the Length of the Follow-up on the the Strengths of the Associations Between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Future Myocardial Infarction, Stroke and Heart Failure

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Lind ◽  
Erik Ingelsson ◽  
Johan Sundström ◽  
Johan ärnlöv
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate how the length of the follow-up period influences the strength of the associations between major cardiovascular risk factors and different cardiovascular outcomes (myocardial infarction [MI], stroke and heart failure). Methods: We examined 1826 men aged 50 regarding cardiovascular risk factors in 1970-74. The follow-up time was 33 years. The hazard ratio (HR) was calculated yearly for each risk factor and outcome. During follow-up, 571 cases of MI, 381 cases of stroke and 384 cases of heart failure occurred. Results: Two major patterns were found regarding influence of the follow-up time on the associations between risk factors and the different cardiovascular outcomes. First, a gradual decline in the HR over time was seen for blood pressure in relation to all three outcomes, with the most rapid decline for heart failure and stroke. This pattern was also seen for BMI in relation to MI and heart failure, and for smoking regarding MI and stroke. Second, we observed a gradual increase in HRs to a maximum at 20-25 years, and thereafter a slight decline. This pattern was seen for the apoB/A1 ratio, HDL, and triglycerides, mainly in relation to MI and heart failure. Conclusion: The length of follow-up influenced the associations between traditional risk factors and cardiovascular outcomes in different ways. The collective influence of the risk factors did however show a substantial decline in discrimination over time for the outcomes stroke and heart failure, but not regarding myocardial infarction.

TO THE QUESTION OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN MEN UNDER 50 YEARS OLD WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

2021 ◽  
pp. 254-260
Author(s):  
Gordienko A.V. ◽  
Davletova A.K.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Target Organ Damage ◽  
Vascular Pathology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
The Third

Relevance. Myocardial infarction and its complications in young and middle-aged men with arterial hypertension remains an important problem of modern cardiology. Aim. To evaluate the cardiovascular risk factors structure features in men under 50 years old with arterial hypertension to improve prevention and outcomes. Material and methods. The study included 209 men aged 19-50 years old with type I myocardial infarction, who underwent a standard diagnostic algorithm in the first 48 hours and at the end of the third week of the disease. The patients were divided into two age-matched groups: with arterial hypertension (121 patients, 88 patients without arterial hypertension). A comparative analysis of the frequency of identifying the main and additional cardiovascular risk factors and their parameters were performed in the selected groups. Results. The study group showed more pronounced glycemia (5.6±1.4 mmol/l) than in the control group (5.2±1.3 mmol/l; p=0.04) at the end of the third week of myocardial infarction. In this group, there was a high incidence of obesity (42.1 and 25.0%, respectively; p=0.01), changes in peripheral arteries (86.0 and 3.5%; p<0.0001) and target organ damage , meteorological dependence (31.4 and 9.1%; p=0.0001), impaired peripheral hemodynamics, as well as hereditary burden of vascular pathology (100 and 56.8%; p=0.03). Conclusions. The data obtained suggest a worse long-term prognosis and a greater degree of resistance to treatment in men with arterial hypertension, which must be considered when implementing preventive programs.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Erectile Dysfunction and Its Association with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients after Myocardial Infarction

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 1103
Author(s):  
Egidija Rinkūnienė ◽  
Silvija Gimžauskaitė ◽  
Jolita Badarienė ◽  
Vilma Dženkevičiūtė ◽  
Milda Kovaitė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Erectile Function ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Preventive Cardiology ◽  
The Mean

Background and Objectives: This study estimates the prevalence and severity of erectile dysfunction and its association with cardiovascular risk factors in patients after a myocardial infarction. Materials and Methods: This study included men aged 35–80 years, diagnosed with myocardial infarction and examined in the Department of Preventive Cardiology of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos between 2016 and 2020. Anthropometric characteristics, blood pressure, lipid profile, blood glucose levels and prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors were evaluated. The International Index of Erectile Function-5 was used to assess patients’ erectile function. Results: A total of 171 patients were analysed. The mean age was 57.6 ± 8.8 years. Of the patients, 42.1, 25.1 and 11.7% had three, four and five established cardiovascular risk factors, respectively. Of the patients, 100% were diagnosed with dyslipidaemia, 90.0%—arterial hypertension, 14.6%—diabetes, 23.3%—smoking, 43.7%—positive familial history and 54.5%—insufficient physical activity. The overall prevalence of erectile dysfunction was 62%. It was scored mild in 37.4%, mild-to-moderate—15.2%, moderate—5.3% and severe in 4.1% of the patients. The mean age was significantly different between severity groups (p < 0.001). The study demonstrated a negative correlation between age and total score of the questionnaire (r = −0.308, p < 0.001). Arterial hypertension was more frequent in the patients with erectile dysfunction (p = 0.02). Other cardiovascular risk factors were distributed similarly. Conclusions: Erectile dysfunction is common in patients after a myocardial infarction and its severity is age dependent. The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors is high, with arterial hypertension significantly more frequent in patients with erectile dysfunction.

scholarly journals Insulin Resistance in Association with Thyroid Function, Psychoemotional State, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3388
Author(s):  
Nijole Kazukauskiene ◽  
Aurelija Podlipskyte ◽  
Giedrius Varoneckas ◽  
Narseta Mickuviene
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Psychoemotional State ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Individuals with insulin resistance (IR) have a high risk of diabetes or metabolic syndrome, and they are more likely to have depression. Furthermore, IR by itself is a major cardiovascular risk factor in healthy persons. Thus, we aimed to investigate IR in association with thyroid function, psychoemotional state, and cardiovascular risk factors among 45–84-year-old citizens of Palanga. Methods: A randomized epidemiological study was performed with 850 subjects. All participants were evaluated for sociodemographic, clinical, and cardiovascular risk factors and biochemical analysis. IR was evaluated by the homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR). Results: All study participants were stratified into groups without IR (HOMA-IR ≤ 2.7) and with IR (HOMA-IR > 2.7). The analysis of parameters between the two study groups showed some statistically significant relationships between IR and cardiovascular risk factors. The predictable accuracy was presented using receiver performance characteristic curves for HOMA-IR scores in women and men separately. If the HOMA-IR score is higher than 3.45, individuals are significantly more likely to have type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Conclusions: An increase of fasting glucose and more frequent incidence of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases in subjects with IR are associated with the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. There was no significant association between thyroid function and HOMA-IR. HOMA-IR cut-offs could predict the presence of T2DM.

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