Motor learning on postural control using auditory biofeedback training

Impact ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (8) ◽  
pp. 58-60
Author(s):  
Naoya Hasegawa ◽  
Tadayoshi Asaka
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Physical Therapists ◽  
Biofeedback Training ◽  
Motor Disorders ◽  
New Methods ◽  
3D Motion Analysis ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Sensory Modalities ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Training Exercises

Motor disorders are characterised by damage to the central nervous system, which subsequently affects muscles, motor skills and brain function. People with motor disorders can suffer injury as a result of falls and recovery from falls can be challenging. Augmented biofeedback modalities is an important tool used in physical therapy, providing individuals with biofeedback that helps guide them through the therapy. Biofeedback modalities have been designed for most of our senses, including auditory, visual and haptic and advances in technology have meant that biofeedback therapy can make use of wearable technology and future advances are expected to further assist. Therefore, it will be key to determine which biofeedback method works best for different training exercises and conditions in order to maximise the benefits of technological advances. Dr Naoya Hasegawa and Professor Tadayoshi Asaka are investigating which biofeedback method works best for different therapies. Their goal is to understand the characteristics of sensory modalities used for biofeedback training in order to help physical therapists determine appropriate approaches for different individuals. The researchers are currently investigating postural control with a view to defining the characteristics of postural control during walking and standing and developing new methods to enhance or improve it. This work involves the use of force plates, 3D motion analysis systems and electromyograms.

scholarly journals Dynamic Knee Valgus in Single-Leg Movement Tasks. Potentially Modifiable Factors and Exercise Training Options. A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8208
Author(s):  
Bartosz Wilczyński ◽  
Katarzyna Zorena ◽  
Daniel Ślęzak
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Biofeedback Training ◽  
Knee Valgus ◽  
3D Motion Analysis ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Limb Injuries ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Training Exercises ◽  
Flexion Strength

Dynamic knee valgus (DKV) as an incorrect movement pattern is recognized as a risk factor for lower limb injuries. Therefore, it is important to find the reasons behind this movement to select effective preventive procedures. There is a limited number of publications focusing on specific tasks, separating the double-leg from the single-leg tasks. Test patterns commonly used for DKV assessment, such as single-leg squat (SLS) or single leg landings (SLL), may show different results. The current review presents the modifiable factors of knee valgus in squat and landing single-leg tests in healthy people, as well as exercise training options. The authors used the available literature from PubMed, Scopus, PEDro and clinicaltrials.gov databases, and reviewed physiotherapy journals and books. For the purpose of the review, studies were searched for using 2D or 3D motion analysis methods only in the SLL and SLS tasks among healthy active people. Strengthening and activating gluteal muscles, improving trunk lateral flexion strength, increasing ROM dorsiflexion ankle and midfoot mobility should be taken into account when planning training programs aimed at reducing DKV occurring in SLS. In addition, knee valgus during SLL may occur due to decreased hip abductors, extensors, external rotators strength and higher midfoot mobility. Evidence from several studies supports the addition of biofeedback training exercises to reduce the angles of DKV.

Detection and Prevention of Fraud in the Digital Era

2021 ◽  
pp. 126-137
Author(s):  
Evrim Vildan Altuk
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Computer Technologies ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Technological Developments

It is essential for businesses to keep up with the technological advances. Today nearly all the businesses depend on computer technologies and the Internet to operate as technological developments have introduced many practical methods for businesses. Yet, transformation of businesses technologically also presents new means for the criminals, which has led to new types of fraud. It is crucial for businesses to take measures to prevent fraud. Traditional methods to prevent or to detect fraud seems to be ineffective for new types of fraud in the digital era. Therefore, new methods have been used to prevent and detect fraud. This chapter reviews fraud as a form of cybercrime in the digital era and aims to introduce the methods that have been used to detect and prevent it.

scholarly journals Functional approach of the central nervous system (CNS) based on technological advances: from computers to nanotechnology

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Chatzikallia ◽  
Magdalini Krommyda ◽  
Vasiliki Petropoulou ◽  
Konstantinos Mouratidis ◽  
Maria Prospathopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Ocular motor disorders

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Kennard
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Motor Disorder ◽  
Motor Disorders ◽  
Ocular Motor ◽  
Idiopathic Orbital Inflammation ◽  
Pupillary Light ◽  
Ocular Motor Disorders ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Eye Movement Disorders

This chapter discusses motor disorders of the eye. The first part of the chapter describes the proper examination of eye movements to facilitate identification of ocular motor disorder pathology. The effects of nerve palsies on ocular motor function are then described.Eye movement disorders can also have their cause in the central nervous system; both the brainstem, and cerebellum have been implicated as causal factors in some eye movement disorders. Disorders of the pupil, which affect the pupillary light reflex, can be caused by lesions to central, afferent and efferent pupillary pathways as well as sympathetic pathways lesions.Finally, this chapter describes diseases of the eye orbits, including dysthyroid eye disease, idiopathic orbital inflammation, orbital tumours, vascular disorders and orbital infections.

Anticipatory postural mechanisms: Some evidence and methodological implications

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-78
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Kasai
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Motor Control ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
H Reflex ◽  
Human Motor Control ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Anticipatory Postural Control ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Human Motor

AbstractTo understand the basic priorities of the central nervous system in human motor control, neurophysiological parameters are important. Certain H-reflex methods related to anticipatory postural control are particularly useful and may have therapeutic implications.

Biocompatibility of polyimide-based neural interfaces for chronic implant applications

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Watkins S. ◽  
D. Gandhi ◽  
P.J. Rousche
Keyword(s):  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Polyglycolic Acid ◽  
Foreign Body Response ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Neural Interfaces ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Neural Implants ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Neural interfaces provide functional re-establishment of the central nervous system, as well as accessibility to monitor physiological responses at a cellular and molecular level. An ideal device is electrically, mechanically, and biologically compatible in long-term applications. Reducing the foreign body response and scar tissue formation caused by the surrounding tissue of the implant makes the device most biocompatible, while not hindering the electrical interface of the device. Technological advances in polymer materials are leading to improved designs of neural implants with the utilization of flexible polyimide, which decreases the relative micromotion strain. However, the flexibility of polyimide causes the device to buckle during insertion; therefore a biodegradable polymer, polyglycolic acid (PGA), is added to the polyimide device in order to temporarily enhance the structural rigidity. In this study we detail the successful biocompatibility demonstrated with both uncoated and PGA coated polyimide devices to provide new design strategies for neural implants used in chronic applications.

scholarly journals Multiple sclerosis: Implications for future research on postural control and gait

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Felipe Balistieri Santinelli ◽  
Emerson Sebastião ◽  
Marcela de Oliveira ◽  
Fabio Augusto Barbieri
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Insufficient Information ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gait Impairments

The objective of this letter is to provide a perspective on the impact of multiple sclerosis (MS) on postural control and gait and suggestions for future studies. Although studies on MS with postural control and gait have been carried out for some time, in Brazil and in the World, there is still insufficient information on MS and impairments in postural control and gait.Postural control and gait impairments are recognized to cause several problems for people with MS, these being two of the symptoms that most affect quality of life.Here, we present studies that have investigated impairments in postural control and gait using different experimental designs and discuss the adaptations of the central nervous system (CNS) due to the damage caused by MS.We recommend future studies focus on how the CNS is organized towards postural control and gait, with a better ecological approach, which could assist the development of rehabilitation programs.

scholarly journals CENTRAL SENSITIZATION OF PAIN IN PHYSIOTHERAPY

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (32) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Skorupska
Keyword(s):  
Central Sensitization ◽  
Physical Therapists ◽  
International Association ◽  
Somatosensory System ◽  
Trigger Points ◽  
Myofascial Trigger Points ◽  
Neuronal Excitation ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Pain Descriptors ◽  
Neural Signaling

Nowadays, there are three main pain descriptors: nociceptive pain, neuropathic pain, and nociplastic pain. The last one is the newest expression defining pain as ‘Pain that arises from altered nociception, despite no clear evidence of actual or threatened tissue damage causing the activation of peripheral nociceptors or evidence for disease or lesion of the somatosensory system causing the pain’ (International Association for the Study of Pain). The implementation of modern pain neuroscience in practice is said to be the most important for musculoskeletal physical therapists around the world. One of the examples of the nociplastic pain mechanism can be myofascial trigger points that are connected with central sensitization (one of the subtypes of nociplastic pain). Central sensitization (CS) is defined as an amplification of neural signaling within the central nervous system that elicits pain hypersensitivity and ongoing neuronal excitation which outlasts the initial nociceptor input. Features typical of that state are abnormally low peripheral thresholds for pain from pressure, temperature, electrical, and other stimuli and it has been proposed that trigger points may function as peripheral mediators of CS.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF ORPHOEPIC STUDENTS’ SKILLS AT THE CLASSES OF THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE AS FOREIGN

2020 ◽  
pp. 112-116
Author(s):  
L. P. Sheremeta
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Students ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Language Training ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Medical Specialists ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Language Knowledge ◽  
Training Exercises ◽  
Communicative Abilities

The article deals with the system of methodical work on formation of orphoepic abilities and skills in foreign medical students. The content of studying the Ukrainian language has been outlined, the most common orphoepic mistakes and phonetic disorders in their pronunciation have been defined. The ways of formation of appropriate abilities and skills have been described. The system of training exercises for formation of orphoepic foreign students’ literacy has been developed. It has been substantiated that the system of studying the Ukrainian language as foreign involves mastering of speech and language knowledge and formation of communicative abilities and skills that are appropriate for using in the Ukrainian-speaking environment. It has been proved that formation of the Ukrainian language competence of foreign students is based on language training that includes free mastering of professional vocabulary and exchange of knowledge in medical subjects, consideration of topics and discussion on their subject. The main aspects of formation of orphoepic abilities and skills will provide optimization of the process of foreign students’ study in the institutions of higher education of Ukraine and may be used in future development of new methods for assessing the level of vocational training of future medical specialists.

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