Global impact and clinical management of severe respiratory syndrome coronovirus-2 (COVID-19)

Coronaviruses are enveloped non-segmented positive-sense RNA viruses belonging to the family Coronaviridae and the order Nidovirales and broadly distributed in humans and other mammals. The recommendations for the management of COVID-19 are mentioned in a lot of Updated Literature such as in The "L. Spallanzani" National Institute for the Infectious Diseases. These recommendations are considered as expert's opinions, which may be modified according to newly produced literature data. In addition, Chloroquine and its derivative, hydroxychloroquine, have a long history as safe and inexpensive drugs for use in malaria-endemic regions and as daily treatments for autoimmune diseases, with the most common side effect being eye damage after long-term use (Kapoor and Kapoor 2020). Although previous studies have revealed that chloroquine has therapeutic activity against viruses, including human corona virus OC43 in animal models and SARS-CoV in cell culture studies. we proposed that from natural Medicine the polyphenol compounds in olive leaf extracts were responsible for the stimulation of probiotic Microbes growth and metabolism and that olive leaf extracts ingested in human diet might have the same effect on desirable components of the intestinal microflora, Herbal medicines, plant products, and phototherapeutic have been widely used all over the world since ancient times. Such as Orange, garlic, Bananas, and lemon have an effect on increasing the immune system. On the other hand; Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are a piece of evidence to treat the harmful responses arising from reactive oxygen species (ROS). Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are microbial agents which could be potentially used as an alternative to anti-viral to treat human infectious disease, especially influenza; there is a novel treatment by using magnetite nanoparticles as nanomedicine drug for Covid- 19.

Download Full-text

Musikalisasi Syi’ir Aqoid Kiai Zaini Mun’im dan Budidaya Tanaman Obat Keluarga (Toga) di Pesantren Nurul Jadid Probolinggo

GUYUB: Journal of Community Engagement ◽

10.33650/guyub.v1i1.1257 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 47-58

Author(s):

Khodijatul Qodriyah

Keyword(s):

Herbal Medicine ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Successful Implementation ◽

Short Term ◽

Middle Term

The lack of students’ knowledge of their teachers’ works and the less of their consciousness to the environment are crucial problems in some islamic boardingschool, especially in Nurul Jadid. These issues will be settled by implementation of religious preaching (dakwah) with poem (syi’ir) in Syu’abul Iman of Kiai Zaini Mun’im and prefentive action to the illness through herbal medicines of family crops medicine (tanaman obat keluarga). The program is undertaken with some phases, including planting family crops medicine, making herbal medicines, musicalisation of poem in book of Syu’abul Iman, socialization of the herbal medicine and musical poem of Syu’abul Iman. These phases have been structured with long-term, middle-term, and short-term programs which were finished during approximately 4 months (Augustus – November 2019). The involvement of many parties, such as activists of environment in Nurul Jadid, has strongly influenced on the successful implementation of these programs.Keywords: Family Crops Medicine, Nurul Jadid Islamic Boardingschool, Book of Syu’abul Iman

Download Full-text

Nano Phytomedicine Based Delivery System for CNS Disease

Current Drug Metabolism ◽

10.2174/1389200221666200523161003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (9) ◽

pp. 661-673 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohammed Asadullah Jahangir ◽

Chettupalli Anand ◽

Abdul Muheem ◽

Sadaf Jamal Gilani ◽

Mohamad Taleuzzaman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Herbal Medicine ◽

Low Cost ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Herbal Drugs ◽

Widespread Acceptance ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Low Toxicity ◽

Ancient Times ◽

Plant Sources ◽

Herbal Formulations

Herbal medicines are being used since ancient times and are an important part of the alternative and traditional medicinal system. In recent decades, scientists are embracing herbal medicines based on the fact that a number of drugs that are currently in use are derived directly or indirectly from plant sources. Moreover, herbal drugs have lesser side effects, albeit are potentially strong therapeutic agents. The herbal medicine market is estimated to be around US $62 billion globally. Herbal medicine has gained widespread acceptance due to its low toxicity, low cost, ease of accessibility and efficacy in treating difficult diseases. Safety and efficacy are another important factors in the commercialization process of herbal medicines. Nanotechnology has been shown to be potentially effective in improving the bioactivity and bioavailability of herbal medicines. Development of nano-phytomedicines (or by reducing the size of phytomedicine), attaching polymers with phytomedicines and modifying the surface properties of herbal drugs, have increased the solubility, permeability and eventually the bioavailability of herbal formulations. Novel formulations such as niosomes, liposomes, nanospheres, phytosomes etc., can be exploited in this area. This article reviews herbal medicines, which have prominent activity in the Central Nervous System (CNS) disorders and reported nano-phytomedicines based delivery systems.

Download Full-text

Natural Phytochemicals and Their Therapeutic Role in Management of Several Diseases: A Review

Current Traditional Medicine ◽

10.2174/2215083805666190807111817 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 43-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nitin R. Shirsath ◽

Ajaygiri K. Goswami

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Low Cost ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Biological Source ◽

Natural Medicine ◽

Synthetic Chemicals ◽

Alternative Approach ◽

Health Related ◽

Activity Mechanism ◽

Natural Medicines

Introduction: These days, a lot of people face some health-related problems in day to day life. The conventional synthetic medicine is not effective enough to cure them alone. The conventional therapy for the management of these health-related issues involves the use of hazardous synthetic chemicals and surgical diagnosis, which have lots of serious side effects. It is necessary to conduct research on herbal medicines, this is an alternative approach to avoid the side effects of synthetic medicines to achieve high effectiveness, low cost and improve patient compliance. Methods: The present survey is an analysis of some of the available data on the use of plants with their biological source, active phytochemicals constituents and a probable activity/ mechanism of action of several classes of drugs. This work also focused on highlighting the advantages of natural medicines for maximum utilization. Results: This article aims to increase awareness about natural medicine and help people find a suitable herbal medicine for the treatment of specific diseases. Conclusion: This article also exhibits the scope for further process in the development of new natural substance for the management of several diseases.

Download Full-text

Corrigendum to “Long-term consumption of virgin coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil diet impairs learning and memory in CD1 mice” [Chinese Herbal Medicines 12 (2020) 414–420]

Chinese Herbal Medicines ◽

10.1016/j.chmed.2021.04.009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 294

Author(s):

Sunday A. Bisong ◽

Clement O. Nku ◽

Olushola A. Sanya ◽

Sunday O. Ita ◽

Victor A. Fischer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Learning And Memory ◽

Cocos Nucifera ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Chinese Herbal Medicines ◽

Chinese Herbal ◽

Cd1 Mice

Download Full-text

Addition of Olive Leaf Extract to a Mixture of Algae and Extra Virgin Olive Oils Decreases Fatty Acid Oxidation and Synergically Attenuates Age-Induced Hypertension, Sarcopenia and Insulin Resistance in Rats

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10071066 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1066

Author(s):

Daniel González-Hedström ◽

María de la Fuente-Fernández ◽

Teresa Priego ◽

Ana Isabel Martín ◽

Sara Amor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Vascular Function ◽

Virgin Olive Oil ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Acid Oxidation ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Olive Leaf ◽

Leaf Extracts

Olive-derived products, such as virgin olive oil (EVOO) and/or olive leaf extracts (OLE), exert anti-inflammatory, insulin-sensitizing and antihypertensive properties and may be useful for stabilizing omega 3 fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) due to their high content in antioxidant compounds. In this study, the addition of OLE 4:0.15 (w/w) to a mixture of algae oil (AO) rich in n-3 PUFA and EVOO (25:75, w/w) prevents peroxides formation after 12 months of storage at 30 °C. Furthermore, the treatment with the oil mixture (2.5 mL/Kg) and OLE (100 mg/Kg) for 24 month old Wistar rats in 21 days improved the lipid profile, increased the HOMA-IR and decreased the serum levels of miRNAs 21 and 146a. Treatment with this new nutraceutical also prevented age-induced insulin resistance in the liver, gastrocnemius and visceral adipose tissue by decreasing the mRNA levels of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Oil mixture + OLE also attenuated the age-induced alterations in vascular function and prevented muscle loss by decreasing the expression of sarcopenia-related markers. In conclusion, treatment with a new nutraceutical based on a mixture of EVOO, AO and OLE is a useful strategy for improving the stability of n-3 PUFA in the final product and to attenuate the cardiometabolic and muscular disorders associated with aging.

Download Full-text

HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS as a Powerful Analytical Tool for Characterising Phenolic Compounds in Olive-leaf Extracts

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

10.1002/pca.2401 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 213-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 81

Author(s):

Rosa Quirantes-Piné ◽

Jesús Lozano-Sánchez ◽

Miguel Herrero ◽

Elena Ibáñez ◽

Antonio Segura-Carretero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Analytical Tool ◽

Olive Leaf ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Powerful Analytical Tool

Download Full-text

Survey and Documentation of Ethnobotanicals used in the Traditional Medicines System of Tribal Communities of Chirang District of Assam Against Helminthiasis

Biomedical & Pharmacology Journal ◽

10.13005/bpj/1824 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (04) ◽

pp. 1923-1935

Author(s):

Ananta Swargiary ◽

Mritunjoy Kumar Roy ◽

Manita Daimari

Keyword(s):

Sex Education ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Ananas Comosus ◽

Asparagus Racemosus ◽

Traditional Medicines ◽

Face To Face ◽

Plant Parts ◽

Tribal Communities ◽

Ancient Times

Ethnobotanical knowledge has been the backbone of rural healthcare since ancient times. Many diseases including helminthiasis are cured by traditional medicine in many parts of the world. The present study aims at exploring the ethnobotanicals used as anthelmintic medicines by the tribal communities of Chirang district of Assam. The present study was conducted in different villages under Chirang district of Assam, India. A face-to-face interview was carried out during survey work along with readymade questionnaire. In our survey work, 20 neighbouring villages were taken as a single cluster and one sample informant was collected. Information regarding the plant and plant parts used, methodology of use as well as informant demography such as age, sex, education was also collected. A total of 20 villages were surveyed and information was gathered from 27 informants, 23 kaviraja and 4 elderly people, 15 male and 12 female. The information collected revealed 43 medicinal plants belonging to 27 families. Lamiaceae was found to be most common family followed by Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, Zutaceae and Zingiberaceae. The most highly cited plants were Ananas comosus, Andrographis paniculata, Asparagus racemosus, Alstonia scholaris and Leucas aspera. Leaves, fruits and tubers were found to be the most commonly used plant parts. Except few, most of the herbal medicines were prepared as raw materials and are consumed orally. Documentation of important ethnomedicinal information from the remote areas of Assam will help scientific investigators to look into its scientific aspect leading to the development of new medicines against helminthiasis and many other diseases.

Download Full-text

ANALISIS KANDUNGAN SAPONIN PADA DAUN DAN TANGKAI DAUN Carica pubescens Lenne & K. Koch

el–Hayah ◽

10.18860/elha.v5i4.3470 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 143 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Eko Budi Minarno

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

The Body ◽

Raw Material ◽

Ring Test ◽

Tropical Species ◽

Color Test ◽

Natural Medicine ◽

Chemical Content ◽

Carica Pubescens

<p><em>Carica pubescens Lenne & K. Koch is a tropical species that adapt to the plateau environment and low temperatures. In East Java, the plant is found in Cangar and Bromo region. Morphological, chemical content, and analysis of protein banding pattern on C. pubescens has been done, but more on the analysis of active compounds for pharmaceutical raw materials and its accumulation in the body of the plant has not been widely studied. Saponins on C. pubescens potential as a raw material of natural medicine in the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). This study aims to determine the content of saponin in leaf and petiole of C. pubescens in terms of absorbance values. Saponins were analyzed by qualitative form the foam test, color test, Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) analytical and preparative. Quantitative test in the form of UV-Vis spectrophotometry results preparative TLC. This research was done at the Laboratory of Department of Biology and Chemistry UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. The results showed that the leaf and petiole of C. pubescens positive for the saponins with the formation of stable foam for 60 seconds at 1.5 cm - 1.7 cm. The third positive samples containing saponins triterpene the ring test produces a brownish color. Isolation saponin by TLC shows the best ratio of eluent chloroform: methanol: water (14: 6: 1) compounds can be separated perfectly. Saponin absorbance values obtained three samples as follows: petiole samples from the region Cangar amounted to 0.852, leaf samples from the region Cangar amounted to 0.686, and leaf samples from Bromo region amounted to 0,629. The highest saponins found in organs petiole. Thus the petiole of C. pubescens has the potential to be used as a source of triterpene saponins which can be developed into a commercial herbal medicines.</em></p>

Download Full-text

Natural Anophelin mosquito repellents and phytochemical analysis of ethanol and hexane leaf extracts from four plant species

Highlights in BioScience ◽

10.36462/h.biosci.202107 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

Author(s):

Emad I. Y. Adam ◽

Yousif O.H.M. Assad ◽

Marwa M. E. Eltohami ◽

Nabil H.H. Bashir ◽

Samira H. Abdelrahman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Protection Time ◽

Cymbopogon Flexuosus ◽

Toxic Agents ◽

Mosquito Repellents ◽

Ancient Times ◽

Ethanol Extracts ◽

Control Application

Currently mosquitoes control is the cornerstone to minimize the rising number of mosquito borne diseases. There is an urgent need looking for alternatives to the current reliance on synthetic insecticides for the vectors control. Application of active toxic agents from plant extracts as an alternative control strategy was available from ancient times. These are non-toxic, easily available at affordable prices, biodegradable and show broad-spectrum target-specific activities against different species of vectors. Natural products with repellency properties are urgently needed. An insect repellent works by masking human scent, and a number of natural and synthetic mosquito repellents were studied. The main aim of this study was to identify the phytochemicals and compare their potentials as mosquito repellents from the ethanol (Et. OH) and hexane (hex) leaf extracts (LEs) of Ocimum basilicum, Coleus forskohlii, Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Cymbopogon flexuosus under laboratory conditions at 50 and 100% concentrations. Phytochemical analysis showed that alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, terpenes, tannins and terpenoids were present/or absent in the 4 plant-LEs. At 50% concentration of Et. OH extracts, C. forskohlii exhibited higher repellency potential on Anopheles gambiae with protection time of 137.3 min, while O. basilicum, E. camaldulensis and Cy. flexuosus registered protection time of 30.6, 15.3 and 19 min, respectively. At 100% concentration of ethanol- extracts, C. forskohlii caused the highest protection time against the vector with protection time of 182 min. O. basilicum, E. camaldulensis and Cy. flexuosus were equally less potent against the insect, with protection time 42.6, 32.6 and 28 min, respectively. Regarding hex-extract, at 50% concentration of C. forskohlii, the highest repellency potential , with protection time of 174 was registered, while O. basilicum, E. camaldulensis and Cy. flexuosus registered protection times of 44, 18 and 28.6 min, respectively. However, the 100% concentration of Et. OH-extracts of, C. forskohlii and O. basilicum exhibited the highest protection time, with protection times of 228 and 116min, respectively. E. camaldulensis and Cy. flexuosus were less potent, with protection times 28.6 and 54.6 min, respectively. The EOs of C. forskohlii and O. basilicum L EOs proved to have potentials as repellency agents against Anopheles. GC-MS analysis of the extracts identified the compounds of both solvents extracts and the terpens were the major compounds. According to the results, further studies are required, especially on the extracts of basil and coleus since they proved to be effective.

Download Full-text