Single and Multiple Patterns of Adolescent Substance Use: Longitudinal Comparisons of Four Ethnic Groups

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Maddahian ◽  
Michael D. Newcomb ◽  
Peter M. Bentler
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Downward Mobility ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Hard Drug ◽  
Multiple Users ◽  
Patterns Of Use ◽  
Drug Involvement ◽  
Movement Stability

Patterns of drug use for 847 adolescents from four different ethnic backgrounds were examined over a five-year period. Eight distinct patterns of use were identified. In addition to a nonuser group, only one large single substance use group emerged; that for alcohol use. Almost 60 percent of the participants were multiple users of two or more types of substances. Black students had consistently the highest frequency of single-cigarette smokers and the highest frequency of multiple use of alcohol-cigarette-cannabis in the last two years of the study. Asian adolescents showed only the highest level of single-alcohol consumption in Year 1, which vanished over time. Hispanics and Whites consistently contained the highest number of multiple users of alcohol-hard drug with either cigarette or cannabis or both. Comparing the patterns of substance use at three points in time, there was a general increase in drug use, as well as three distinct directions of movement: Stability, regression and progression. Results were discussed in regard to an upward or downward mobility theory of drug involvement.

Psychometric study of an adolescent substance use scale

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-157
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Méndez Mateo ◽  
Fuensanta Cerezo ◽  
José Antonio López Pina
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Adolescent Substance Use ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Psychometric Study ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Factor Ii ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Challenging Behaviours

Background: The study of drug use and other adolescent problem behaviours is approached from different preventive strategies. Schools are important as an environment in assessing the situation. Most instruments to evaluate this problem are limited in the type of drugs as well as in the implementation of related risk behaviours.Methods: This paper presents the psychometric study of a scale based on the ESTUDES survey to detect adolescent substance use, health consequences and challenging behaviours in educative contexts. FRIDA was selected to assess the concurrent validity. Participants were 1.264 students (M = 14.41, SD = 1.43) who participated voluntarily. Informed consent was requested. An exploratory factor analysis of the 19 selected items was carried out using the WLMSV method on tetrachoric correlation matrix and Geomin rotation with MPLUS was employed. Results: The results showed the scale consists of two factors: Factor I, substance abuse and health consequences, based on the use of illegal drugs, and Factor II, use of legal drugs and challenging behaviours.Conclusions:  It is a short instrument for the detection of drug use, health consequences and challenging behaviours in the educational field.

scholarly journals Declines in prevalence of adolescent substance use disorders and delinquent behaviors in the USA: a unitary trend?

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 1494-1503 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Grucza ◽  
R. F. Krueger ◽  
Arpana Agrawal ◽  
A. D. Plunk ◽  
M. J. Krauss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Delinquent Behaviors ◽  
Adolescent Risk ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Item Response Theory Models ◽  
Adolescent Risk Behaviors

AbstractBackgroundDownward trends in a number of adolescent risk behaviors including violence, crime, and drug use have been observed in the USA in recent years. It is unknown whether these are separate trends or whether they might relate to a general reduction in propensity to engage in such behaviors. Our objectives were to quantify trends in substance use disorders (SUDs) and delinquent behaviors over the 2003–2014 period and to determine whether they might reflect a single trend in an Externalizing-like trait.MethodsWe analyzed data from 12 to 17 year old participants from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, a representative survey of the household dwelling population of the USA, across the 2003–2014 period (N = 210 599). Outcomes included past-year prevalence of six categories of substance use disorder and six categories of delinquent behavior.ResultsTrend analysis suggested a net decline of 49% in mean number of SUDs and a 34% decline in delinquent behaviors over the 12-year period. Item Response Theory models were consistent with the interpretation that declines in each set of outcomes could be attributed to changes in mean levels of a latent, Externalizing-like trait.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that declines in SUDs and some delinquent behaviors reflect a single trend related to an Externalizing-like trait. Identifying the factors contributing to this trend may facilitate continued improvement across a spectrum of adolescent risk behaviors.

Alcohol and Drug Use as Risk Factors for Delinquent Behavior Among Adolescents

2016 ◽  
pp. 552-574
Author(s):  
Helene Raskin White ◽  
Courtney Cronley ◽  
Padmini Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Adolescent Delinquency ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use ◽  
Adolescent Aggression ◽  
Time Frames

This chapter examines alcohol and drug use as risk factors for delinquency during adolescence. There is strong evidence for comorbidity between substance use and delinquency for individuals. Users, compared to nonusers, are more likely to be delinquent; and delinquents, compared to nondelinquents, are more likely to use substances. Conversely, substance use and delinquency follow different developmental patterns from adolescence into young adulthood, and trends in adolescent substance use and delinquency from 1980 through 2009 do not converge well. Alcohol, compared to drugs, has a stronger acute effect on adolescent aggression/violence. Developmentally, there appears to be a reciprocal association between substance use and delinquency, although findings differ across samples and time frames. There are several alternative models that explain why alcohol and drug use are risk factors for adolescent delinquency.

scholarly journals The Relative Contributions of Parental and Sibling Substance Use to Adolescent Tobacco, Alcohol, and other Drug Use

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 869-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail A. Fagan ◽  
Jake M. Najman
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Sibling Relationships ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Adolescent Substance Use ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
The Relationship

While research demonstrates that parental tobacco and alcohol use increases the likelihood of children's substance use, it is unclear whether or not sibling use has a greater, weaker, or similar effect. Based upon self-reported information from Australian adolescents, their siblings and parents, this investigation examines the association between siblings' tobacco and alcohol use. The relationship is consistent, moderately strong, and remains significant when controlling for a number of family-related factors, indicating that the shared environment cannot fully explain the extent of similarity in siblings' behaviors. In addition, sibling substance use has a greater effect on adolescent substance use than does smoking or drinking by parents. These findings indicate the need to include siblings and information regarding sibling relationships in prevention and intervention programs.

Other Illicit Drugs of Abuse in Adolescence

2016 ◽  
pp. 188-204
Author(s):  
Danielle Ramo ◽  
Christian Grov
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Drugs Of Abuse ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Illicit Substance Use ◽  
Patterns Of Use ◽  
Demographic Patterns

Illicit drugs other than marijuana have a unique and important place in the picture of adolescent substance use and associated problems. Large, epidemiological studies have revealed that, although the use of individual drugs (other than marijuana) may fluctuate widely, the proportion of adolescents using any of them has been more stable in the decade between 2000 and 2010, compared to decades prior. In this chapter, we give an overview of illicit substance use in adolescence, including cocaine/crack, methamphetamine, heroin, ecstasy, MDMA, LSD, and GHB. We review epidemiological patterns of use among youth, including modes of use and common trajectories of use. We discuss cognitive, behavioral, and social contexts of other drug use in adolescence, and we review demographic patterns of use. We conclude by reviewing similarities and differences between substances.

Unstructured Socializing with Peers, Low Self-Control, and Substance Use

2020 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2096793
Author(s):  
Anna Leimberg ◽  
Peter S. Lehmann
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
School Students ◽  
Hard Drug ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
Unstructured Socializing

Research consistently finds that unstructured socializing with peers and low self-control are both positively associated with substance use among adolescents. However, largely absent from the literature is a consideration of whether unstructured socializing with peers and low self-control have differential and interactive effects when predicting usage of different classifications of drugs. The current study addresses these issues using data collected on a statewide sample of middle school and high school students who participated in the 2017 Florida Youth Substance Abuse Survey. Results indicate that (1) unstructured socializing with peers is a stronger predictor of soft drug use than low self-control, (2) low self-control is a stronger predictor of hard drug use than unstructured socializing with peers, and (3) the effect of unstructured socializing on both soft and hard drug use is diminished among adolescents who are lower in self-control.

Parental Monitoring and Peer Influences on Adolescent Substance Use

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 1060-1064
Author(s):  
Laurence Steinberg ◽  
Anne Fletcher ◽  
Nancy Darling
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Peer Influences ◽  
Adolescent Substance Use ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Drugs And Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Effects ◽  
Over Time

Objective. To examine the joint influences of parental monitoring and peer influence on adolescent substance use over time. Subjects. 6500 adolescents attending six high schools in Wisconsin and northern California. Design. Longitudinal study. Results. Parental monitoring was negatively associated with substance use, whereas the more involved an adolescent's peers were in substance use, the more likely he or she also was to use drugs and alcohol. Effects of monitoring and peer coercion were strongest for boys and girls at the transition into substance use, rather than at the transition from experimentation to regular use. The effect of parental monitoring on changes in adolescent substance use is mediated not so much by the nature of the adolescent's peer associates, but by its direct effect on the adolescent. Specifically, poorly monitored adolescents are more likely to use drugs, and drug-using adolescents seek out like-minded friends. Once an adolescent associates with drug-using peers, his or her own substance use approaches their level. Conclusions. Intervention efforts should include both parents and community-level efforts. Parental monitoring is an effective tool both in the prevention of drug use and in the amelioration of drug use.

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