Influence of American Tobacco Imports on Smoking Rates among Women and Youth in Asia

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvin E. Winder ◽  
Ted T. L. Chen ◽  
William C. Mfuko
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Good Measure ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Sizeable Increase ◽  
Comparison Data

This study addresses the question: has the opening of their markets to American tobacco products in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan led to an increase in smoking behavior among women and youth? The data on smoking rates for women and youth is presented. This data was obtained for each country before markets were opened to the importation of American tobacco products through the agency of non-governmental organizations in these countries. Comparison data was obtained from similar Asian countries whose markets were not opened. The data from Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan show a sizeable increase in smoking rates for women and youth. The authors believe, based upon anecdotal data, that importation of tobacco products combined with aggressive marketing and advertising by American firms is, in a good measure, responsible for the reported increase.

scholarly journals Which Institutional Conditions Lead to a Successful Local Energy Transition? Applying Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis to Solar PV Cases in South Korea

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youhyun Lee ◽  
Bomi Kim ◽  
Heeju Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Fuzzy Set ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Local Energy ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Newly Industrialized Countries ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations

To explore the most desirable pathway for a successful local energy transition, a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis was conducted on 16 regional cases in South Korea. We developed four propositions based on previous studies and theories as a causal set. Based on the South Korean context, we selected the solar photovoltaic (PV) generation and solar PV expansion rate as barometers for measuring the success of a local energy transition. Our analysis highlights the importance of the International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI) membership (network), local legislation, and the environmental surveillance of locally-based non-governmental organizations (NGOs). The implications of this study will provide insights for developing or newly industrialized countries where an energy transition is underway.

Investigating the role of non-governmental organizations in new public diplomacy

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-212
Author(s):  
Jiyoon (Karen) Han ◽  
Sung-Un Yang
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
New Public ◽  
The Government ◽  
National Reputation

Abstract The purpose of this study is to examine the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) as a part of new public diplomacy. The study specifically investigates NGO’s use of soft power and social media and how they collaborate with the government. This study utilizes qualitative analysis to investigate how an NGO called the Voluntary Agency Network of Korea (VANK) influences the national reputation of South Korea. In-depth interviews were conducted with VANK employees and officers from Korean government agencies who have expertise in promoting Seoul, South Korea, and Korean culture and have previously collaborated with VANK. Findings show that VANK shares functional roles with the government to convey positive information about South Korea based on boundary-spanning theory. VANK specifically demonstrates expertise in correcting misconceptions about Korea online and implanting positive images of Korea to foreigners by actively employing its extensive networks, social media, and soft power.

Insurgency and Advocacy: Unauthorized Foreign Workers and Civil Society in South Korea

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Contract Labor

Due to major structural changes in the 1980s, South Korea initiated an international contract labor program known as the industrial trainee system in 1991. Started ostensibly as a temporary measure to deal with domestic labor shortage in the declining manufacturing sector, the program has spread recently to other sectors, including fisheries, construction and agriculture. Currently, over 300,000 unskilled foreigners reside in South Korea, of which two out of every three persons are identified as unauthorized workers. This article examines how the South Korean industrial trainee program systematically produces unauthorized workers and highlights the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in protecting the human rights of foreign workers. The successful collaboration of South Korea's civil society stems from its unique historical formation, rooted in democracy movements of earlier decades. It also implicates strong prospects for substantive integration of foreign workers and, as a consequence, suggests important changes in the country's social and economic structures.

scholarly journals Protocol to eliminate illicit trade in tobacco products: the dawn of a new era

10.21149/8208 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Vera Luiza Da Costa e Silva
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
New Era ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
Illicit Trade ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Northern And Southern Hemispheres

The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) is the United Nations tobacco control treaty, fostering public health in previously neglected areas. 179 countries as well as the European Union are WHO FCTC Parties, and it comprises both the Northern and Southern hemispheres. Intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations are active observers. It is a powerful alliance for a serious problem – the huge global epidemic caused by tobacco...

scholarly journals Activities of US Grant Foundations and Non-Governmental Organizations in Central Asian Countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 115-129
Author(s):  
N. Silakov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Private Foundations ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The Us ◽  
Central Asian Countries

The article analyzes the interrelation of the US grant foundations and non-governmental organizations with the civil society in Central Asia from 2000 to 2020. Main priorities of their activities in each country of the region and evolution of their approaches depending on domestic and foreign policy events and trends are explored. The dynamics of project activities of private foundations financing socio-humanitarian and socio-political spheres is also analyzed.

Non-governmental organizations as key partners in mental health in Europe

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Health Action ◽  
Health Action Plan

SummaryThe shift towards a rights-based approach to health which has taken place over the past decade has strengthened the role of civil society and their organizations in raising and claiming the entitlements of different social groups. It has become obvious that non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are central to any successful multi-stakeholder partnership, and they have become more recognized as key actors in health policy and programme development and implementation. There is a broad spectrum of NGOs active in the area of mental health in Europe which aim to empower people with mental health problems and their families, give them a voice in health policy development and implementation and in service design and delivery, to raise awareness and fight stigma and discrimination, and foster implementation of obligations set by internationally agreed mental health policy documents. With the endorsement of the Mental Health Action Plan 2013-2020 (20) and the European Mental Health Action Plan (19) stakeholders agree to strengthen capacity of service user and family advocacy groups and to secure their participation as partners in activities for mental health promotion, disorder prevention and improving mental health services.

Challenges to immigrant associations and NGOs in contemporary Greece

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apostolos G. Papadopoulos ◽  
Christos Chalkias ◽  
Loukia-Maria Fratsea
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Migrant Integration ◽  
Concentration Patterns

The paper explores the challenges faced today, in a context of severe economic crisis, by immigrant associations (ΙΜΑs) and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Greece. The data analysed here was collected between October 2009 and February 2010 and incorporates references to all recorded migration-related social actors operating in Greece. The paper takes into account such indicators as legal form, objectives, financial capacity and geographical range of activity, concluding with a typology of civil society actors dealing with migration issues. This study aims at informing the migration policymaking and migrant integration processes. By a spatial hot-spot clustering of IMAs and NGOs, we also illustrate the concentration patterns of civil society actors in Greece.

STATISTICAL METHODS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF AIR POLLUTION OF JHANSI CITY, UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. CHAUHAN ◽  
BHANUMATI SINGH ◽  
SHREE GANESH ◽  
JAMSHED ZAIDI
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Status

Studies on air pollution in large cities of India showed that ambient air pollution concentrations are at such levels where serious health effects are possible. This paper presents overview on the status of air quality index (AQI) of Jhansi city by using multivariate statistical techniques. This base line data can help governmental and non-governmental organizations for the management of air pollution.

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