Population Growth—A Menace to What?

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erland Hofsten
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Third World ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
World Population ◽  
Development Effort ◽  
Social And Economic Development

Originally, many of the initiators of the World Population Conference, which took place in Bucharest in 1974, had hoped that the Conference would imply a final breakthrough for the view that family planning measures should be given top priority in all less-developed countries. In fact, however, the Plan of Action passed by the Conference contains very little relating to population and family planning. Instead, the document is dominated by wordy phrases about the necessity of attaining social and economic development in those countries. Will the insight that family planning programs work efficiently only if they are an integral part of programs for the social and economic development of a country lead to such programs being realized? There is every reason to doubt that the Plan of Action will have any such effect. The reasons for the underdevelopment of Third World countries cannot be removed through such United Nations resolutions. In the People's Republic of China, family planning is widely accepted, especially in the towns, and now also among the rural population. Limiting the number of children is considered part of China's development effort. China is a less-developed country that is in the process of rapid social and economic development. The issue at stake in other Third World countries is how to achieve a similar development. As soon as this goal is achieved, family planning efforts are meaningful and have a chance of success. The experience of China demonstrates that even there it took time before the efforts succeeded. There are many Third World countries that could, without much difficulty, support a population considerably larger than the present one. But there are no doubt also a number of countries where the population is already so large that a continued population increase would be harmful. The need to achieve rapid development becomes increasingly urgent, not in the least to make it possible to attain a reduced population growth. The sad truth is that so little development takes place in those countries. Without social and economic development, the present rapid population increase will continue in those countries where there is already an overly dense population.

scholarly journals World Population Growth, Family Planning, and American Foreign Policy

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Sharpless
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Third World ◽  
American Foreign Policy ◽  
Population Control ◽  
World Population ◽  
World Population Growth ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
The Third World

The U.S. government position on world population growth as it emerged in the early 1960s was a fundamental departure in both content and commitment. We embraced the idea that one of the goals of American foreign policy should be the simultaneous reduction of both mortality and fertility across the Third World. It was not simply rhetoric. As the years passed, we committed a growing portion of our foreign aid to that end. The decision to link U.S. foreign-policy objectives with the subsidy of family planning and population control was truly exceptional in that it explicitly aimed at altering the demographic structure of foreign countries through long-term intervention. No nation had ever set in motion a foreign-policy initiative of such magnitude. Its ultimate goal was no less than to alter the basic fertility behavior of the entire Third World! Whether one views this goal as idealistic and naive or as arrogant and self-serving, the project was truly of herculean proportions.

Research on the Sports Economy Effection in National Economic Development

2014 ◽  
Vol 556-562 ◽  
pp. 6519-6521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Hua Jiang ◽  
Feng Liang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
National Economic Development

With the rapid development of our country, the statue of sports economy is becoming more and more important in the national economy. The sports economy refers to the sports related economic activities, it is the product of social and economic development to a certain period. Nowadays, the sport economy in our country is till at its initial stage comparing to some developed countries. In this paper, we analyze the sports economy impact in the national economic development. The relationships between sports economy and national economic development have been deeply researched. Finally, some conclusions are proposed in this paper.

EMPOWERING WOMEN THROUGH ENTREPRENEURSHIP: ASPECTS AND APPROACHES

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
JAVED ALAM SHEIKH
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
World Population ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Map ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status

Almost 50 per cent of the world population is constituted by the women and they have been making substantial contribution to socio-economic development. But, unfortunately their tremendous contribution remains unrecognized and unnoticed in most of the developing and least developed countries causing the problem of poverty among them. Empowering women has become the key element in the development of an economy. With women moving forward, the family moves, the village moves and the nation moves. Hence, improving the status of women by way of their economic empowerment is highly called for. Entrepreneurship is a key tool for the economic empowerment of women around the world for alleviating poverty. Entrepreneurship is now widely recognized as a tool of economic development in India also. In this paper I have tried to discuss the reasons and role of Women Entrepreneurship with the help of Push and Pull factors. In the last I have also discussed the problems and the road map of Women Entrepreneurs development in India.

scholarly journals The Nigerian population: A treasure for national development or an unsurmountable national challenge

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-142
Author(s):  
Vitalis Jafla Pontianus ◽  
Oruonye E.D.
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
National Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
High Population ◽  
Major Player ◽  
The World

Nigeria is the most populous black nation in the world. It is equally one of the Less Developed Countries (LDCs) with very high population. Population growth is a very important element and a challenge in the development process in LDCs. The population of Nigeria is expected to continue to grow up to 239 million by 2025 and 440 million by 2050, thereby ranking it to 4th position among countries of the World with high population. This without doubt will place Nigeria in a position of major player in the global system, and more importantly in the African region. It is against this background that this study examines Nigeria’s population composition by poising the following questions; will Nigeria’s present and future population structure be a benefit or a burden? How can Nigeria’s relative share of working-age composition (15- 64) and dependents (under 15 and 65 and over) contribute to long term economic growth and development of the country? The findings of the study reveals that population growth is a critical factor in the development of any economy, providing workforce for production of goods and services to boost economic development and a critical determinant of the potentials of a country’s investment. The study findings also show that continuous population growth militates against economic growth through inducement of poverty, falling medical care/services and environmental degradation, worsen resource scarcity in areas where a large proportion of the population already relies on natural resource-based livelihoods. The study argued that population increase is not a problem in itself to any nation, and that there are some impeding factors associated with population growth such as corruption, inadequate planning, inappropriate implementation of development plans, poor budget/implementation and complacency in developing human capital. These are issues that the Nigerian state since independence have continued to battle with which has invariably made it a seemingly failed state. The study concludes that how much any country can benefit from its population size is dependent on the quality of human capital. Based on the findings, the study recommends economic diversification, government empowerment of Small and Medium scale Enterprises, paying attention to human capital development and target-oriented education.

Population, Environment, and Women’s Issues

2002 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
World Population ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
The World

Ultimately, the necessity to supply food, energy, habitat, infrastructure, and consumer goods for the ever-growing population is responsible for the demise of the environment. Remedial actions for pollution abatement, and further technological progress toward energy efficiency, development of new crops, and improvements in manufacturing processes may help to mitigate the severity of environmental deterioration. However, we can hardly hope for restoration of a clean environment, improvement in human health, and an end to poverty without arresting the continuous growth of the world population. According to the United Nations count, world population reached 6 billion in mid October 1999 (1). The rate of population growth and the fertility rates by continent, as well as in the United States and Canada, are presented in Table 14.1. It can be seen that the fastest population growth occurs in the poorest countries of the world. Despite the worldwide decrease in fertility rates between 1975–80 period and that of 1995–2000, the rate of population growth in most developing countries changed only slightly due to the demographic momentum, which means that because of the high fertility rates in the previous decades, the number of women of childbearing age had increased. Historically, the preference for large families in the developing nations was in part a result of either cultural or religious traditions. In some cases there were practical motivations, as children provided helping hands with farm chores and a security in old age. At present the situation is changing. A great majority of governments of the developing countries have recognized that no improvement of the living standard of their citizens will ever be possible without slowing the explosive population growth. By 1985, a total of 70 developing nations had either established national family planning programs, or provided support for such programs conducted by nongovernmental agencies; now only four of the world’s 170 countries limit access to family planning services. As result, 95% of the developing world population lives in countries supporting family planning. Consequently, the percentage of married couples using contraceptives increased from less than 10% in 1960 to 57% in 1997.

The Dynamics of Technical Progress in Some Developing and Developed Countries

2016 ◽  
pp. 172-194
Author(s):  
Weshah A. Razzak ◽  
Belkacem Laabas ◽  
El Mostafa Bentour
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Technical Progress ◽  
Capital Intensity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Population ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Endogenous Growth Model ◽  
New Ideas

We calibrate a semi-endogenous growth model to study the transitional dynamic and the properties of balanced growth paths of technological progress. In the model, long-run growth arises from global discoveries of new ideas, which depend on population growth. The transitional dynamic consists of the growth rates of capital intensity, labor, educational attainment (human capital), and research and ideas in excess of world population growth. Most of the growth in technical progress in a large number of developed and developing countries is accounted for by transitional dynamics.

Realigning Governance

2015 ◽  
pp. 1555-1581
Author(s):  
Bongani Ngwenya
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
New Phenomena ◽  
And Diffusion

This chapter posits that Governance realignment from e-Government to e-Democracy constitutes a critical context for social and economic development in both developed and developing countries. E-Government and e-Democracy are not new phenomena in most developed countries and some developing countries in Asia and Africa. However, the degrees of political and economic variations between developed and developing countries poses a serious challenge to the efforts towards realignment of governance for social and economic development attainment. The findings in this chapter are that social and economic development lie at the intersection of e-Government and e-Democracy processes of governance realignment. Asymmetry in institutionalisation, and diffusion of e-Democracy amongst countries is widely attributed to economic and political variations in these countries. Unless these differences are skillfully identified and accommodated as such into the development and use models, e-Democracy efforts will not help achieve social and economic development goals, particularly those of developing countries.

A Huge Marketing Research Task—Birth Control

1968 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Julian L Simon
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Marketing Research ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Research Task

Increasing the amount of family planning in less-developed countries is crucial to their economic development and is basically a marketing job. Much important marketing research has been done in this area; its history is described here. But much more needs to be done.

Fertility Decline and Socioeconomic Change in Venezuela

1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Edmonston ◽  
Frank Wm. Oechsli
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Gross National Product ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Smooth Transition ◽  
Rapid Population Growth ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Fertility Trends ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Per Capita

Venezuela has experienced significant economic development during recent decades, although rapid population growth has partially offset economic gains. During the five-year period 1969-1973, the gross national product increased at an annual rate of 5.0 percent, which, coupled with population growth, yielded real per capita increases of 2.6 percent annually. Relatively smooth transition in the nationalization of the Venezuelan oil industry in 1976 presents a favorable assessment for the economy during the next decade. Yet while there has been notable progress in conventional economic indicators, there have been less rapid improvements in education, nutrition, and health. This paper examines past trends in Venezuelan population growth within the context of general social and economic development. Because of the importance of fertility in affecting population growth, particular attention is paid to fertility trends.

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