Perceived Harm, Age, and Drug Use: Perceptual and Motivational Dispositions Affecting Drug Use

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorand B. Szalay ◽  
Andres Inn ◽  
Jean B. Strohl ◽  
Lita C. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
User Groups ◽  
Behavioral Validation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Perceived Harm

Free associations reveal a close relationship between drug use and such psychological dispositions as dominant perceptions, attitudes, and systems of mental representations. The investigations reported here address the relationship of perceived harm or appeal of drugs, age, and reported drug use through analysis of the free associations of students from elementary to graduate school. Subsamples of drug users and non-users are also included. Comparisons across the range of years studied (10 to 29) showed how subjective meanings and the system of mental representation, including those characteristic of drug users and non-users, evolve as a function of age. Based on the domains studied, the distance measured between user/non-user groups and between age groups showed systematic and predictable increases reflecting on construct validity. The perceptual and motivational dispositions identified were significantly correlated with drug use (behavioral validation). The results offer new insights into the role of such variables as perceived harm and subjective appeal.

Protective and Risk Predictors in the Development of Drug Use

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
József Gerevich ◽  
Erika Bácskai
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
The Family ◽  
Risk Predictors ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Addictive Drug

The authors examined the relationship of two dimensions of the theory of social development—vulnerability (predictors, risk factors) and protectivity—in two samples, schoolchildren aged ten to fifteen years and addictive drug users. On the basis of the Hirschi model of protective factors, they found that the most important protective factors (attachment, commitment, involvement, belief) act against substance use. A surprising finding was that among the predictors of the addicts some forms of escape from the family act against the development of drug use, that is, they can be regarded as a protective predictor. The findings of the study draw attention to the complexity of the vulnerability-protectivity relationship and to the need for further research.

Metabolic syndrome: regulation of metabolism in men (literature review)

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
L. B. Drygina
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chernobyl Accident ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Leptin Resistance ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Regulation Of Metabolism ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The review of modern literature on pathogenetic ways of formation of metabolic syndrome in men of different age groups, athletes, University students, as well as persons related to dangerous professions (military personnel, rescuers, liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident) is presented. The role of insulin resistance, leptin resistance, chronic sluggish inflammation, desynchronosis, and obesity is discussed. Literature data on the relationship of the gut microbiota and vitamin D levels with obesity are presented. The analysis of patent research in the field of clinical and laboratory diagnostics of metabolic syndrome. The role of stress in the development of metabolic syndrome in dangerous professions is shown. Analysis of data published in the literature suggests that hyperleptinemia and low androgen levels can be considered as an additional laboratory marker of MS in liquidators of the Chernobyl accident.

scholarly journals Prudent Financial Behaviour among Youth: The Role of Financial Attitude

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Financial Problems ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
Financial Decision ◽  
Financial Behaviour ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This paper to seek discuss the importance and the role of Financial Attitude (FA) in determine factors to prudent financial behaviour among youth. Arising of financial problems among young age groups in today life has attracted attention of stakeholders in many countries globally because the groups considered as backbone and future country leaders. This paper seeks to discuss the function of FA in ensuring prudent financial decision and improved youth financial behaviour. Further, this paper later expanded from concept and definitions of FA to the effectiveness and the relationship of FA with prudent financial behaviour. Significantly, FA aims at making individuals more financial literate, transform youth to change for prudent financial decisions and provide them with the skills and competencies to take more responsibilities in their personal financial management.

scholarly journals Influence of aging on the quality of the skin of white women: the role of collagen

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 736-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eloina do Rocio Valenga Baroni ◽  
Maria de Lourdes Pessole Biondo-Simões ◽  
André Auersvald ◽  
Luiz Augusto Auersvald ◽  
Mário Rodrigues Montemor Netto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Women ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Skin Aging ◽  
Dermal Collagen ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Total P

PURPOSE: Evaluate the influence of aging on the quality of the skin of white women, analyzing the dermal collagen. METHODS: Pre-auricular flaps were collected for histological and morphometric analysis of 218 white women who underwent spontaneous facial aesthetic plastic surgery. Picrosirius ultrared stain was used for analysis and quantification of collagen in five age groups (<40 years, 40 to 49 years, 50 to 59 years, 60 to 69 years and 70 to 79 years) . RESULTS: Histological analysis showed changes suggestive of skin aging (fragmentation and disorganization of collagen fibers), especially in patients over 60 years. There were no significant changes in the relationship of age with the thickness of the dermis and epidermis, but there was with the percentage of the collagen I, III and total (p<0.001), which decreased with increasing aging. CONCLUSION: There is reduction in collagen with increasing age, and an increase in its degradation, leading to fragmentation of the fibers.

RELATIONSHIP OF KIDNEY FUNCTIONS WITH GERIATRIC SYNDROMES IN ELDERLY AND OLD WOMEN

2021 ◽  
pp. 367-374
Author(s):  
Д.П. Курмаев ◽  
С.В. Булгакова ◽  
Н.О. Захарова ◽  
Е.В. Тренева ◽  
А.В. Николаева
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Geriatric Syndromes ◽  
Scientific Interest ◽  
Negative Role ◽  
Kidney Functions ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Late Stages

На фоне старения происходит увеличение числа заболеваний, ассоциированных с возрастом, гериатрических синдромов, способствующих развитию нарушений физической и функциональной активности, усиливается риск инвалидизации и смертности. Одним из широко распространенных заболеваний является ХБП, которая опасна не только сама по себе, но и как фактор прогрессирования других возраст-ассоциированных заболеваний и гериатрических синдромов, в том числе старческой астении и саркопении. У пациентов старших возрастных групп ХБП чаще встречается у женщин, чем у мужчин. Ряд исследователей изучают проблемы полиморбидности, развитие и прогрессирование гериатрических синдромов у пациентов с ХБП додиализной и диализной стадий. Несомненна отрицательная роль тяжелых поздних стадий ХБП в развитии старческой астении и саркопении, в то же время связь этих гериатрических синдромов с ранними додиализными стадиями ХБП изучена недостаточно. Поэтому представляет несомненный научный интерес выявление корреляции признаков саркопении и старческой астении у женщин пожилого и старческого возраста в зависимости от функции почек, стадии ХБП. Against the background of aging, there is an increase in the number of diseases associated with age, geriatric syndromes that contribute to the development of disorders of physical and functional activity, the risk of disability and mortality increases. One of the widespread diseases is chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is dangerous not only in itself, but also as a factor in the progression of other age-associated diseases and geriatric syndromes, including frailty and sarcopenia. Among patients of older age groups, CKD is more common in women than in men. A number of researchers are studying the problems of polymorbidity, the development and progression of geriatric syndromes in patients with CKD in the pre-dialysis and dialysis stages. Undoubtedly, the negative role of severe late stages of CKD in the development of senile asthenia and sarcopenia, at the same time, the relationship of these geriatric syndromes with early pre-dialysis stages of CKD has been insufficiently studied. Therefore, it is of undoubted scientific interest to identify correlations between signs of sarcopenia and frailty in elderly and senile women, depending on renal function, stage of CKD.

Perfusion-contraction mismatch with coronary microvascular obstruction: role of inflammation

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (6) ◽  
pp. H2587-H2592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilmar Dörge ◽  
Till Neumann ◽  
Matthias Behrends ◽  
Andreas Skyschally ◽  
Rainer Schulz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microvascular Obstruction ◽  
Regional Myocardial Blood Flow ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Area At Risk ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs ◽  
And Function ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

A close relationship exists between regional myocardial blood flow (RMBF) and function during acute coronary inflow restriction (perfusion-contraction matching). However, the relationship of flow and function during coronary microvascular obstruction is unknown. In 12 anesthetized dogs, the left circumflex coronary artery was perfused from an extracorporeal circuit. After control measurements, 3,000 microspheres (42 μm diameter) per milliliter per minute inflow were injected to cause a microembolism (ME, n = 6). With unchanged systemic hemodynamics and RMBF, posterior systolic wall thickening (PWT) decreased from 19.8 ± 1.9% SD at control to 13.3 ± 4.0, 10.3 ± 3.8, and 6.9 ± 4.7% ( P < 0.05 vs. control) at 1, 4, and 8 h, respectively. For comparison, inflow was progressively reduced to match PWT to that of the ME group at 1, 4, and 8 h (stenosis, STE, n = 6). RMBF in the STE group was reduced in proportion to PWT. Infarct size was not different among groups (6.5 ± 4.5 vs. 3.4 ± 3.2%). However, the number of leukocytes infiltrating the area at risk was significantly greater in the ME group than in the STE group. Coronary microembolization results in perfusion-contraction mismatch and is associated with an inflammatory response.

Management of Economics and State "Bottom"

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 76-91
Author(s):  
E. D. Solozhentsev
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Probabilistic Models ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Special Software ◽  
Human Quality ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The scientific problem of economics “Managing the quality of human life” is formulated on the basis of artificial intelligence, algebra of logic and logical-probabilistic calculus. Managing the quality of human life is represented by managing the processes of his treatment, training and decision making. Events in these processes and the corresponding logical variables relate to the behavior of a person, other persons and infrastructure. The processes of the quality of human life are modeled, analyzed and managed with the participation of the person himself. Scenarios and structural, logical and probabilistic models of managing the quality of human life are given. Special software for quality management is described. The relationship of human quality of life and the digital economy is examined. We consider the role of public opinion in the management of the “bottom” based on the synthesis of many studies on the management of the economics and the state. The bottom management is also feedback from the top management.

On Metaphysics and the Political: A Polemics of Reading Baudelaire in the 1930s

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-259
Author(s):  
Joseph Acquisto
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Modern Poetry ◽  
Progressive Politics ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

This essay examines a polemic between two Baudelaire critics of the 1930s, Jean Cassou and Benjamin Fondane, which centered on the relationship of poetry to progressive politics and metaphysics. I argue that a return to Baudelaire's poetry can yield insight into what seems like an impasse in Cassou and Fondane. Baudelaire provides the possibility of realigning metaphysics and politics so that poetry has the potential to become the space in which we can begin to think the two of them together, as opposed to seeing them in unresolvable tension. Or rather, the tension that Baudelaire animates between the two allows us a new way of thinking about the role of esthetics in moments of political crisis. We can in some ways see Baudelaire as responding, avant la lettre, to two of his early twentieth-century readers who correctly perceived his work as the space that breathes a new urgency into the questions of how modern poetry relates to the world from which it springs and in which it intervenes.

SECTANITY IN THE CONTEXT OF MANIFESTATIONS OF MODERN RELIGIOUS EXTREMISM

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Agapov ◽  
Kirill Stepkin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Religious Extremism ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The article considers the general theoretical foundations of the relationship of sectarianism and religious extremism in the Russian Federation. Practical examples of the role of destructive sects in modern religious extremism in the Russian Federation are given.

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