scholarly journals Determining conditions for best pollen quality of red-purple tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.) germplasm

Bionatura ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 2222-2227
Author(s):  
Andrea Sotomayor ◽  
Jorge Merino ◽  
William Viera
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Pollen Quality ◽  
Local Cultivar ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
Storage Times ◽  
Days After Anthesis ◽  
Solanum Betaceum ◽  
Tree Tomato

The germination and viability of pollen are characteristics required for fecundation when individuals of different or the same species are crossed. For this reason, assessing these parameters in selected individuals to be used in breeding programs will increase the chances for the obtainment of new progeny. In this study, pollen from different accessions of the red-purple tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.) was used: local cultivar (Morado Puntón), two commercial varieties (Large Red and Oratia Red) and six segregants [(Solanum unilobum x Solanum betaceum) x Solanum betaceum]. Three types of flowers were taken (A-day of anthesis, B-one day after anthesis, and C-two days after anthesis). The pollen was conserved in two temperatures (4° and 22° C) and four storage times (0, 5, 10, 20 days). The percentage of germination and pollen viability of the selected individuals were evaluated. It was observed that the commercial materials showed higher germination percentages than the segregants in flower A and B at a temperature of 4 ° C at all storage times, except for the segregants GT7P47 and GT7P48 at the same temperature on day 0. In addition, high percentages of viability were obtained both in flowers A and B, at both temperatures and at all storage times. However, the immediate use of pollen after it is collected is recommended because better germination is achieved. This study is helpful to improve breeding procedures in the initial stages of directed crosses.

scholarly journals Optimization of Pollen Germination in Tectona grandis (Teak) for Breeding Programs

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 908
Author(s):  
Ana Hine ◽  
Alejandra Rojas ◽  
Lorenzo Suarez ◽  
Olman Murillo ◽  
Mario Espinoza
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Tree Improvement ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
High Price ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Pollen Quality ◽  
Latin American Region ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Operational Activities

Teak has become one of the most widely planted species in tropical regions of the world, given its high price for its timber in international markets. This has motivated the development of tree improvement programs in the Latin American region and in the tropical world in general. The latest advances have achieved clonal forestry at an operational scale. Recently, important efforts are being made to advance towards the next breeding generation, since knowledge about floral biology and pollen management have become important issues. A breeding program is being developed through the Tree Improvement Cooperative GENFORES—a vinculation model between the academy and forestry companies that was initiated in Costa Rica and now involves six Latin American countries. In order to advance into the next breeding generations, building capacities in topics such as pollen banks requires pollen quality, thus enabling the exchange of pollen among cooperative members. Pollen fertility studies are of considerable value in breeding programs, in order to determine pollen viability and germination in collections of genotypes, before going into mating operational activities. In this study, we optimized pollen quality analysis protocols in terms of the viability and germination of fresh teak pollen. Results of this research show that 90% viability and 28% germination can be achieved in fresh pollen grains, both inside and outside the anther, previously dehydrated in silica gel for 2 to 4 h (40% and 33% humidity, respectively). Brewbacker and Kwack (BK) medium at 10% of its salts + 10% sucrose and at a pH of 7 must be used as the germination medium. It is possible to evaluate teak pollen quality using the parameters defined in this study, which will in turn allow pollen management and purification, providing an opportunity for carrying out controlled crosses at an operational scale as part of teak breeding programs.

scholarly journals Pollen viability of ‘Besztercei plum' clones depending on the effect of the year

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Horváth ◽  
Zs. Orosz-Kovács ◽  
D. Surányi ◽  
Z. Erdős ◽  
S. Gulyás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Pollen Quality ◽  
The Third ◽  
Excellent Quality ◽  
Daily Minimum ◽  
Dark Staining ◽  
Possible Cause

The percentage of dark staining pollen grains was higher in spring of 1996 than in the previous year. Data in 1998 resemble those of 1995, concerning the large amount of medium staining pollen grains in the majority of clones. Some clones produced excellent quality pollen also in the third year. whereas there were significant differences in other clones in various years. The warmer February-March period in 1995 induced an early blooming, and frost affected the orchard not only in winter months, but also immediately before and during blooming. Thus, frost was the possible cause of weaker quality pollen this year. In 1996 warming began a bit late, but it was not broken by drastic falls in temperature, except for the middle of April, when a smaller frost affected the orchard. It is likely that this frost did not influence pollen quality of `Besztercei' and 'Early Besztercei' plum clones significantly. In 1998 warming was continuous and steady, the orchard was not affected by frost immediately before blooming. In March, however, there was frost almost every day, according to daily minimum temperatures.

scholarly journals Effect of Low-temperature Storage on Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium L.) Pollen Quality

HortScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-260
Author(s):  
Akide Özcan
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Quality ◽  
Low Temperature Storage ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars ◽  
Storage Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Storage

The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of low storage temperatures on the quality of pollen obtained from the sweet cherry cultivars 0900 Ziraat, Regina, Starks Gold, and Sweet Heart. The pollen was stored at 4 °C, –20 °C, and –80 °C for 12 months, and its viability and germinability were determined at 3-month intervals. The results demonstrated that the initial pollen viability varied between 73.62% and 79.37%, while pollen germinability varied between 41.24% and 53.56%. The percentage of pollen viability declined remarkably from the third to 12th month by almost 3% in 4 °C storage. The pollen viability for the other two storage temperatures (–20 °C and –80 °C) was greater than 50% by the end of the 12th month. It can be concluded that the pollen quality of these cultivars can be preserved sufficiently at temperatures less than –20 °C.

Corky off‐flavor compounds in cork planks at different storage times before processing. Influence on the quality of the final stoppers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Elena Alañón ◽  
Marina Alarcón ◽  
Ignacio J Díaz‐Maroto ◽  
M Soledad Pérez‐Coello ◽  
M Consuelo Díaz‐Maroto
Keyword(s):  
Flavor Compounds ◽  
Storage Times

scholarly journals The effect of different storage times at 5°C on the quality of yogurt with the addition of local taro starch (Colocasiaesculenta) as stabilizer

2021 ◽  
Vol 1869 (1) ◽  
pp. 012005
Author(s):  
A T N Krisnaningsih ◽  
D Rosyidi ◽  
L E Radiati ◽  
P Purwadi ◽  
D P P Hadiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Times

scholarly journals Microbiological quality of silage made from by-products of cassava starch extraction and viticulture

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-415
Author(s):  
C.R. Schneider ◽  
M.A. Zambom ◽  
D. Galhardo ◽  
A. Faccenda ◽  
A.S. Avila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Storage Times ◽  
By Products

This study evaluated silages made with varying proportions of viticulture by-products (VC) and starch extraction from cassava (CSE). It attempted to determine the effects of these proportions on the microbial population, fermentative losses, and chemical composition. The treatments were specified as the proportions of VC in the silage (0 g/kg, 250 g/kg, 500 g/kg, 750 g/kg, and 1000 g/kg). Silages were  evaluated before (0) and after 1, 3, 7, 15, 30, and 60 days of ensiling. The experimental design was completely randomized with five  treatments, six storage times and four replications. The increased level of VC in the silage enhanced its dry matter content, ammonia  nitrogen (NH3-N), and buffering capacity, and reduced organic matter content. Fifteen days after ensiling, additional VC increased the concentration of soluble carbohydrates. The increased level of VC decreased the count of Clostridium spp. and lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The incidence of yeasts and enterobacteria was low in all treatments at all time points. Over time, losses as effluent and gases increased. Use of increasing proportions from VC in silage made with CSE increased the contents of dry matter and soluble carbohydrates and  reduced the fermentative losses of the silage. The increased amount of VC also favoured pH reduction and reduced the proliferation of undesirable yeasts, while increasing the population of LAB.

scholarly journals Effects of an integrated harvest system on the quality of olive fruit for small producers

2022 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. e436
Author(s):  
E. Plasquy ◽  
G. Blanco-Roldán ◽  
M.C. Florido ◽  
J.M. García
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Value At Risk ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Olive Fruit ◽  
Harvesting Method ◽  
Small Producers ◽  
Storage Times

Small producers confront specific challenges when they opt to produce high-quality olive fruit. Limited resources for investing in harvest machinery and manpower are the main reasons for continuing a traditional harvest method that puts the final product and its economic value at risk. This paper discusses the efficiency of an integrated harvest system as a possible solution to these specific challenges. The system is formed by a newly designed manual harvesting device and the use of a cooling room near the olive grove. Both systems were evaluated to assess their feasibility for optimum conditions before processing. The combined effect of the harvesting method and cold storage on the fruit characteristics (incidence of decay, skin color, weight loss, firmness, respiration, and ethylene production) was evaluated on three different varieties (‘Arbequina’, ‘Picual’ and ‘Verdial’) and four different storage times (0, 4, 8, and 14 days). The results indicate that the proposed harvesting method in combination with an appropriate cooling system offers an affordable alternative for obtaining fruit with the best physiological characteristics.

scholarly journals Evaluation of breeding bulls based on quality of offspring considering crossing options

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 452-463
Author(s):  
M. V. Abramova ◽  
S. V. Zyryanova
Keyword(s):  
High Reliability ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Holstein Bulls

Breeding takes the main place in the complex of measures for intensification of dairy cattle breeding. A characteristic feature of breeding work is identification of the most valuable genotypes and their further use in cattle population. The Holstein breed is considered one of the most highly productive breeds, in many countries of the world it is used for the genetic improvement of local breeds. In this regard, a comparative assessment of methods for determining the breeding value of bulls of different genotypes obtained by interbreeding is relevant. The results of assessment of genetic superiority of the used breeding bulls in terms of milk productivity of daughters for the first lactation through interannual deviations of the homogeneous peers are presented, the best producers in all the studied herds are identified, it is established which breeds the best and worst breeding bulls belong to. The research revealed that 18% of bulls had genetic superiority at controlled farms (9% - Holstein breed, 6% - Yaroslavl crossbreeding bulls, 3% - Mikhailovsky type’s bulls), a negative value - 24% including 9% - Yaroslavl crossbreeding bulls, 9% - Mikhailovsky type’s bulls and 6% - Holstein bulls. A comparative evaluation of the two methods showed a high reliable positive correlation between results of Mikhailovsky type bulls and Yaroslavl crossbreeding bulls equal to 0.82 and 0.56, respectively, which indicates a high reliability of the method of genetic superiority index, which can be used to evaluate bulls during crossbreeding. It is possible to increase the genetic potential of herds by excluding producers with a negative genetic index. The obtained results are recommended to be used when mating bulls and for development of breeding programs for individual herds or entire population

Reproductive Biology and Floral Phenologies of the Sympatric Species Leptospermum myrsinoides and L. continentale (Myrtaceae)

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 527 ◽  
Author(s):  
SP Obrien ◽  
DM Calder
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Anther Dehiscence ◽  
Floral Structure ◽  
Days After Anthesis ◽  
Degree Of Overlap

The reproductive biology and floral phenologies of co-occurring Leptospermum myrsinoides and L. continentale were investigated. Both species have similar floral structure and both are protandrous. Anther dehiscence is staggered over approximately 6 days and pollen viability remains high for at least 3 days. The styles of both species are short at anthesis but extend during the next 6 days to approximately the same height as the anthers. The stigmas of these species do not achieve maximum receptivity until at least 4 days after anthesis. Both species are self-compatible. At the three sites studied, L. myrsinoides and L. continentale have separate flowering times with L. myrsinoides always flowering first. Within populations of each species, plants reached first flower and peak flower in the same order in 1989 and 1990, implying genetic control over flowering time. It is suggested that protandry in these species enhances the likelihood of outcrossing and the staggered release of pollen coupled with the degree of overlap within flowering populations increases the number of potential mates available to each flower.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document