scholarly journals Do Search Engine Helpline Notices Aid in Preventing Suicide? Analysis of Archival Data (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qijin Cheng ◽  
Elad Yom-Tov
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Search Behavior ◽  
The United States ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Related Information ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Higher Rank

BACKGROUND Search engines display helpline notices when people query for suicide-related information. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to examine if these notices and other information displayed in response to suicide-related queries are correlated with subsequent searches for suicide prevention rather than harmful information. METHODS Anonymous suicide-related searches made on Bing and Google in the United States, the United Kingdom, Hong Kong, and Taiwan in a span of 10 months were extracted. Descriptive analyses and regression models were fit to the data to assess the correlation with observed behaviors. RESULTS Display of helpline notices was not associated with an observed change in the likelihood of or future suicide searches (P=.42). No statistically significant differences were observed in the likelihood of people making future suicide queries (both generally and specific types of suicide queries) when comparing search engines in locations that display helpline notices versus ones that do not. Pages with higher rank, being neutral to suicide, and those shown among more antisuicide pages were more likely to be clicked on. Having more antisuicide Web pages displayed was the only factor associated with further searches for suicide prevention information (hazard=1.18, P=.002). CONCLUSIONS Helpline notices are not associated with harm. If they cause positive change in search behavior, it is small. This is possibly because of the variability in intent of users seeking suicide-related information. Nonetheless, helpline notice should be displayed, but more efforts should be made to improve the visibility and ranking of suicide prevention Web pages.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of Arts-Based Interventions to Address Suicide Prevention and Survivorship in Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 53S-63S
Author(s):  
Jill Sonke ◽  
Kelley Sams ◽  
Jane Morgan-Daniel ◽  
Andres Pumariega ◽  
Faryal Mallick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Arts

Study Objective. Suicide is a serious health problem that is shaped by a variety of social and mental health factors. A growing body of research connects the arts to positive health outcomes; however, no previous systematic reviews have examined the use of the arts in suicide prevention and survivorship. This review examined how the arts have been used to address suicide prevention and survivorship in nonclinical settings in Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. Design and Setting. Ten bibliographic databases, five research repositories, and reference sections of articles were searched to identify published studies. Articles presenting outcomes of interventions conducted between 2014 and 2019 and written in English, were included. Primary Results. Nine studies met inclusion criteria, including qualitative, quantitative randomized controlled trials, quantitative nonrandomized, quantitative descriptive, and mixed-methods studies. The programs studied used film and television (n = 3), mixed-arts (n = 3), theatre (n = 2), and quilting (n = 1). All nine interventions used the arts to elicit emotional involvement, while seven also used the arts to encourage engagement with themes of health. Study outcomes included increased self-efficacy, awareness of mental health issues, and likelihood for taking action to prevent suicide, as well as decreases in suicidal risk and self-harming behaviors. Conclusions. Factors that influence suicide risk and survivorship may be effectively addressed through arts-based interventions. While the current evidence is promising with regard to the potential for arts programs to positively affect suicide prevention and survivorship, this evidence needs to be supplemented to inform recommendations for evidence-based arts interventions.

scholarly journals Reliability of women epilepsy related information from main web search engines in China?deceitful web search environment and illumination (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Zhu ◽  
Xiangmiao Qiu ◽  
Dingwang Wu ◽  
Shidong Chen ◽  
Jiwen Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Search Engine ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Web Search ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Academic Publishing ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Web Search Engines ◽  
Electronic Health

BACKGROUND All electronic health practices like app/software are involved in web search engine due to its convenience for receiving information. The success of electronic health has link with the success of web search engines in field of health. Yet information reliability from search engine results remains to be evaluated. A detail analysis can find out setbacks and bring inspiration. OBJECTIVE Find out reliability of women epilepsy related information from the searching results of main search engines in China. METHODS Six physicians conducted the search work every week. Search key words are one kind of AEDs (valproate acid/oxcarbazepine/levetiracetam/ lamotrigine) plus "huaiyun"/"renshen", both of which means pregnancy in Chinese. The search were conducted in different devices (computer/cellphone), different engines (Baidu/Sogou/360). Top ten results of every search result page were included. Two physicians classified every results into 9 categories according to their contents and also evaluated the reliability. RESULTS A total of 16411 searching results were included. 85.1% of web pages were with advertisement. 55% were categorized into question and answers according to their contents. Only 9% of the searching results are reliable, 50.7% are partly reliable, 40.3% unreliable. With the ranking of the searching results higher, advertisement up and the proportion of those unreliable increase. All contents from hospital websites are unreliable at all and all from academic publishing are reliable. CONCLUSIONS Several first principles must be emphasized to further the use of web search engines in field of healthcare. First, identification of registered physicians and development of an efficient system to guide the patients to physicians guarantee the quality of information provided. Second, corresponding department should restrict the excessive advertisement sale trades in healthcare area by specific regulations to avoid negative impact on patients. Third, information from hospital websites should be carefully judged before embracing them wholeheartedly.

scholarly journals Noticias falsas y libertad de expresión e información. El control de los contenidos informativos en la red

2018 ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Pauner Chulvi
Keyword(s):  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
News Source ◽  
The Social ◽  
La Red ◽  
The Eu

Los resultados de la elección presidencial en Estados Unidos o el voto en Reino Unido para abandonar la Unión Europea (Brexit) han suscitado preguntas sobre la influencia de las noticias falsas originadas en páginas web creadas al efecto y difundidas rápidamente a través de las redes sociales. En la medida en que la gente utiliza las redes sociales como fuente principal de información, desde los gobiernos de los Estados miembros y la propia UE se ha solicitado la colaboración de las empresas tecnológicas para filtrar estos contenidos dañinos que amenazan con la desinformación generalizada de la ciudadanía. En el análisis reflexionamos acerca de los problemas derivados del control de los contenidos de Internet y, más concretamente, cuál debe ser la respuesta legítima a la desinformación, cuáles son los riesgos que se pueden derivar de la imposición de filtrado y etiquetado de la información, la posibilidad de encontrarnos ante un sistema de censura privada que ponga en riesgo el pluralismo de la red, o el peligro de arbitrariedad en la construcción del algoritmo de filtrado o su eficacia ante ejercicio de la libertad de expresión en diversos contextos (como la ironía o el humor), entre otras cuestiones.The results of the presidential election in the United States or the vote in the United Kingdom to leave the European Union (Brexit) have raised questions about the influence of the fake news originated in web pages created to the effect and quickly disseminated through the social media. As people turn to social networks as a primary news source, the Member States’ governments and the EU have requested the collaboration of technology companies to filter out these harmful contents that are threatening to cause misinformation of citizens. In our analysis we reflect on the problems arising from the control of Internet content and, more specifically, what should the legitimate response to disinformation be, what the risks are derived from the imposition of filtering and labelling of information, the possibility of creating a system of private censorship that jeopardizes the pluralism of the network, or the danger of arbitrariness in the construction of the filtering algorithm and its effectiveness in the exercise of freedom of expression in various contexts (such as irony or humour), among other issues.

scholarly journals Heartburn-Related Internet Searches and Trends of Interest across Six Western Countries: A Four-Year Retrospective Analysis Using Google Ads Keyword Planner

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamiński ◽  
Łoniewski ◽  
Misera ◽  
Marlicz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
The United States ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Related Information ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Internet Searches

The internet is becoming the main source of health-related information. We aimed to investigate data regarding heartburn-related searches made by Google users from Australia, Canada, Germany, Poland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. We retrospectively analyzed data from Google Ads Keywords Planner. We extracted search volumes of keywords associated with “heartburn” for June 2015 to May 2019. The data were generated in the respective primary language. The number of searches per 1,000 Google-user years was as follows: 177.4 (Australia), 178.1 (Canada), 123.8 (Germany), 199.7 (Poland), 152.5 (United Kingdom), and 194.5 (United States). The users were particularly interested in treatment (19.0 to 41.3%), diet (4.8 to 10.7%), symptoms (2.6 to 13.1%), and causes (3.7 to 10.0%). In all countries except Germany, the number of heartburn-related queries significantly increased over the analyzed period. For Canada, Germany, Poland, and the United Kingdom, query numbers were significantly lowest in summer; there was no significant seasonal trend for Australia and the United States. The number of heartburn-related queries has increased over the past four years, and a seasonal pattern may exist in certain regions. The trends in heartburn-related searches may reflect the scale of the complaint, and should be verified through future epidemiological studies.

scholarly journals Preprint of "COVID-19 Increases Online Emotional and Health-Related Searches"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongfei Du ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Ronnel B. King ◽  
Lei Yang ◽  
Peilian Chi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Behavioral Reactions ◽  
Related Information ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Health Related

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has powerfully shaped people’s lives. The current work investigated the emotional and behavioral reactions people experience in response to COVID-19 through their internet searches. We hypothesized that when the prevalence rates of COVID-19 increase, people would experience more fear, which in turn would predict greater rates of protective behaviors, seeking health-related knowledge, and panic buying. Methods: Prevalence rates of COVID-19 in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia, were used as predictors. Fear-related emotions, protective behaviors, seeking health-related knowledge, and panic buying were indicated by internet search volumes in Google Trends. Cross-temporal analyses were conducted.Results: We found that increased prevalence rates of COVID-19 were associated with more searches for protective behaviors, health knowledge, and panic buying. This pattern was consistent across four countries, the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia. Fear-related emotions explained the associations between COVID-19 and the content of their information searches. Conclusion: Findings suggest that exposure to prevalence rates of COVID-19 and fear-related emotions may motivate people to search for relevant health-related information so as to protect themselves from the pandemic.

The Impact of a Highly Publicized Celebrity Suicide on Suicide-Related Online Information Seeking

Crisis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Arendt ◽  
Sebastian Scherr
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Search Queries ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Celebrity Suicide ◽  
Online Information Seeking ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Background: Research has already acknowledged the importance of the Internet in suicide prevention as search engines such as Google are increasingly used in seeking both helpful and harmful suicide-related information. Aims: We aimed to assess the impact of a highly publicized suicide by a Hollywood actor on suicide-related online information seeking. Method: We tested the impact of the highly publicized suicide of Robin Williams on volumes of suicide-related search queries. Results: Both harmful and helpful search terms increased immediately after the actor's suicide, with a substantial jump of harmful queries. Limitations: The study has limitations (e.g., possible validity threats of the query share measure, use of ambiguous search terms). Conclusion: Online suicide prevention efforts should try to increase online users' awareness of and motivation to seek help, for which Google's own helpline box could play an even more crucial role in the future.

Appropriate Targets for Search Advertising as Part of Online Gatekeeping for Suicide Prevention

Crisis ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajime Sueki ◽  
Jiro Ito
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Consultation Service ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Search Advertising ◽  
Consultation Services ◽  
Age Range

Abstract. Background: Gatekeeper training is an effective suicide prevention strategy. However, the appropriate targets of online gatekeeping have not yet been clarified. Aim: We examined the association between the outcomes of online gatekeeping using the Internet and the characteristics of consultation service users. Method: An advertisement to encourage the use of e-mail-based psychological consultation services among viewers was placed on web pages that showed the results of searches using suicide-related keywords. All e-mails received between October 2014 and December 2015 were replied to as part of gatekeeping, and the obtained data (responses to an online questionnaire and the content of the received e-mails) were analyzed. Results: A total of 154 consultation service users were analyzed, 35.7% of whom were male. The median age range was 20–29 years. Online gatekeeping was significantly more likely to be successful when such users faced financial/daily life or workplace problems, or revealed their names (including online names). By contrast, the activity was more likely to be unsuccessful when it was impossible to assess the problems faced by consultation service users. Conclusion: It may be possible to increase the success rate of online gatekeeping by targeting individuals facing financial/daily life or workplace problems with marked tendencies for self-disclosure.

Effectiveness of Programs for the Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaia Del Campo ◽  
Marisalva Fávero
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sexual Abuse Prevention ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Methodological Considerations

Abstract. During the last decades, several studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of sexual abuse prevention programs implemented in different countries. In this article, we present a review of 70 studies (1981–2017) evaluating prevention programs, conducted mostly in the United States and Canada, although with a considerable presence also in other countries, such as New Zealand and the United Kingdom. The results of these studies, in general, are very promising and encourage us to continue this type of intervention, almost unanimously confirming its effectiveness. Prevention programs encourage children and adolescents to report the abuse experienced and they may help to reduce the trauma of sexual abuse if there are victims among the participants. We also found that some evaluations have not considered the possible negative effects of this type of programs in the event that they are applied inappropriately. Finally, we present some methodological considerations as critical analysis to this type of evaluations.

Creating a ‘Masala’ Self: Bicultural Identity in Desi Young Adult Novels

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Superle
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Young People ◽  
Identity Development ◽  
Small Body ◽  
The United States ◽  
Young Adult Fiction ◽  
Bicultural Identity ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Institutional Forces ◽  
Cultural Identity Development

In the past two decades, the previously silent voices of diasporic Indian writers for young people have emerged, and a small body of texts has begun to develop in the United States and the United Kingdom. One of the major preoccupations of these texts is cultural identity development, especially in the novels published for a young adult audience, which often feature protagonists in the throes of an identity crisis. For example, the novels The Roller Birds of Rampur (1991) by Indi Rana, Born Confused (2002) by Tanuja Desai Hidier, and The Not-So-Star-Spangled Life of Sunita Sen (2005) by Mitali Perkins all focus on an adolescent girl coping with her bicultural identity with angst and confusion, and delineate the ways her self-concept and relationships are affected. The texts are empowering in their suggestion that young people have the agency to explore and create their own balanced bicultural identities, but like other young adult fiction, they ultimately situate adolescents within insurmountable institutional forces that are much more powerful than any individual.

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