Sleep Apps for Youth: A Scoping Review of What is Available and What is Needed (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin HG Maich ◽  
Rana Abu-Jazar ◽  
Rachael Burnett ◽  
Carly Cosgrove ◽  
William Maich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Unique Problem ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Primary Function ◽  
Primary Investigator ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Difficulties

BACKGROUND Sleep difficulties are prevalent and concerning for many North Americans. Despite strong empirical support for insomnia treatment, lack of access presents a significant barrier to treatment dissemination. This is particularly true amongst teens and young adults. Mobile applications (‘apps’) are uniquely suited to address this need. OBJECTIVE We conducted a scoping review to identify and appraise commercially available apps for AYAs with sleep difficulties. METHODS Proceeding in 3 phases, a comprehensive search of commercially available apps was conducted between August 2016 and January 2017. The initial phase involved a search of app stores using relevant search terms (sleep; sleeping; insomnia; sleep aid; night). In the second phase, apps were assessed for eligibility using the following inclusion criteria: 1) Goal is to provide education, tools, or advice related to management of insomnia symptoms. 2) Primary intended users are AYAs. Exclusion criteria were: 1) App is classified as an ‘e-book.’ 2) Primary utility is meditation, hypnosis, or relaxation for sleep. 3) Primary function is background sleep music or sounds. 4) Primary function is alarm clock. 5) Sole sleep aid function is tracking/monitoring, with no education, tools, or advice for insomnia. In the third phase, apps were culled for functionality information, including: A) Self-monitoring of symptoms; B) Tracking sleep; C) Education related to insomnia; D) Advice or intervention for managing insomnia symptoms. Finally, the primary investigator conducted a final review of phase 3 apps, closely examining the functionality of these apps, based on app descriptions, app content, and developer website (where available). RESULTS The initial search yielded 2036 apps; after eligibility criteria were applied, functionality information was extracted for 48 apps. Twenty-three of these were later excluded. Of the final 25 apps, 24% included self-monitoring of symptoms; 28% included a sleep tracking function; 56% provided insomnia education; and 92% provided advice or intervention for managing sleep difficulties. The majority (80%) were free. Several (20%) provided sleep interventions that are not supported by research. In the final evaluation, only 6 apps met all four of the functionality criteria; of these, none were geared towards AYA users specifically. The purported and examined functionality of these six apps are discussed. CONCLUSIONS Insomnia is a unique problem among AYAs, as non-insomnia factors must also be considered when designing an appropriate intervention (e.g., AYAs are more delayed in sleep schedule, require more sleep than adults). There are currently 6 apps that are appropriate for self-management of adult insomnia. There are 0 apps designed for AYA users. Development of an evidence-based app for managing insomnia in this population is critical. Once an appropriate app becomes available, future studies should test its usability and efficacy in AYA samples.

scholarly journals Hypnotherapy for Procedural Pain and Distress in Children: A scoping Review Protocol

Pain Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daly Geagea ◽  
Zephanie Tyack ◽  
Roy Kimble ◽  
Lars Eriksson ◽  
Vince Polito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Procedural Pain ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Objective Inadequately treated pain and distress elicited by medical procedures can put children at higher risks of acute and chronic biopsychosocial sequelae. Children can benefit from hypnotherapy, a psychological tailored intervention, as an adjunct to pharmacological agents to address the multiple components of pain and distress. Despite providing evidence on the effectiveness and potential superiority of hypnotherapy to other psychological interventions, research on hypnotherapy for paediatric procedural pain and distress has been predominantly limited to oncology and needle procedures. Plus, there is a lack of reporting of intervention manuals, factors influencing hypnotic responding, pain unpleasantness outcomes, theoretical frameworks, adverse events, as well as barriers and facilitators to the feasibility of delivering the intervention and study procedures. The proposed review aims to map the range and nature of the evidence on hypnotherapy for procedural pain and distress in children to identify gaps in literature and areas requiring further investigation. Methods This review will follow the Arksey and O'Malley (2005) methodology and incorporate additional scoping review recommendations by The Joanna Briggs Institute and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses. Relevant studies will be identified through searching published literature databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of Science) and grey literature in addition to hand-searching of reference lists and key journals. Two authors will independently screen titles and abstracts of search results followed by full-texts review against eligibility criteria. Conclusion Findings are anticipated to guide future research and inform the development of tailored hypnotic interventions in children.

scholarly journals Formative peer assessment in higher healthcare education programmes: a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e045345
Author(s):  
Marie Stenberg ◽  
Elisabeth Mangrio ◽  
Mariette Bengtsson ◽  
Elisabeth Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Education Research ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Peer Assessment ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Healthcare Education ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Constructive Feedback ◽  
Pertinent Data

ObjectivesFormative peer assessment focuses on learning and development of the student learning process. This implies that students are taking responsibility for assessing the work of their peers by giving and receiving feedback to each other. The aim was to compile research about formative peer assessment presented in higher healthcare education, focusing on the rationale, the interventions, the experiences of students and teachers and the outcomes of formative assessment interventions.DesignA scoping review.Data sourcesSearches were conducted until May 2019 in PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Education Research Complete and Education Research Centre. Grey literature was searched in Library Search, Google Scholar and Science Direct.Eligibility criteriaStudies addressing formative peer assessment in higher education, focusing on medicine, nursing, midwifery, dentistry, physical or occupational therapy and radiology published in peer-reviewed articles or in grey literature.Data extractions and synthesisOut of 1452 studies, 37 met the inclusion criteria and were critically appraised using relevant Critical Appraisal Skills Programme, Joanna Briggs Institute and Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool tools. The pertinent data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultThe critical appraisal resulted in 18 included studies with high and moderate quality. The rationale for using formative peer assessment relates to giving and receiving constructive feedback as a means to promote learning. The experience and outcome of formative peer assessment interventions from the perspective of students and teachers are presented within three themes: (1) organisation and structure of the formative peer assessment activities, (2) personal attributes and consequences for oneself and relationships and (3) experience and outcome of feedback and learning.ConclusionHealthcare education must consider preparing and introducing students to collaborative learning, and thus develop well-designed learning activities aligned with the learning outcomes. Since peer collaboration seems to affect students’ and teachers’ experiences of formative peer assessment, empirical investigations exploring collaboration between students are of utmost importance.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Advice and Counselling by Healthcare Providers: A Scoping Review

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 609
Author(s):  
Uchenna Benedine Okafor ◽  
Daniel Ter Goon
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Physical Activity Advice ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Physical Activity And Exercise

Background: Despite scientific evidence on prenatal physical activity and exercise, synthesized evidence is lacking on the provision of prenatal physical activity and exercise advice and counselling by prenatal healthcare providers. The scoping review seeks to fill this gap by synthesizing available literature on the provision of prenatal physical activity and exercise advice and counselling by prenatal healthcare providers to women during antenatal visits. Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) search framework for scoping reviews was applied to retrieve original research articles on the prenatal physical activity and exercise practices of healthcare providers with pregnant women, published between 2010–2020, and available in English. The search databases included Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, EMBASE, The Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), BIOMED Central, Medline and African Journal Online. Studies that fulfilled the eligibility criteria were retrieved for analysis. Results: Out of the 82 articles that were retrieved for review, 13 met the eligibility criteria. Seven of the articles were quantitative, four qualitative, one mixed-method and one controlled, non-randomised study, respectively. Three themes emerged as major findings. Healthcare providers affirmed their responsibility in providing prenatal physical activity advice and counselling to pregnant women; however, they seldom or rarely performed this role. Major barriers to prenatal physical activity and exercise included insufficient time, lack of knowledge and skills, inadequate or insufficient training, and lack of resources. Conclusion: This review highlights salient features constraining the uptake of prenatal physical activity and exercise advice/counselling by prenatal healthcare providers in both community and clinical settings. Prenatal physical activity advice and counselling are key components to the promotion of physical activity adherence during and post-partum pregnancy; this requires adequate knowledge of physical activity prescriptions and recommendations, which are personalised and contextual to environment. Research is needed to examine the prenatal physical activity advice and counselling from prenatal healthcare providers on issues hindering effective delivery of the aforementioned in the context of promoting prenatal physical activity in clinical or community settings.

scholarly journals Ionizing Radiation Protein Biomarkers in Normal Tissue and Their Correlation to Radiosensitivity: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Prabal Subedi ◽  
Maria Gomolka ◽  
Simone Moertl ◽  
Anne Dietz
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
English Language ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Personalised Medicine ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Eligibility Criteria

Background and objectives: Exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) has increased immensely over the past years, owing to diagnostic and therapeutic reasons. However, certain radiosensitive individuals show toxic enhanced reaction to IR, and it is necessary to specifically protect them from unwanted exposure. Although predicting radiosensitivity is the way forward in the field of personalised medicine, there is limited information on the potential biomarkers. The aim of this systematic review is to identify evidence from a range of literature in order to present the status quo of our knowledge of IR-induced changes in protein expression in normal tissues, which can be correlated to radiosensitivity. Methods: Studies were searched in NCBI Pubmed and in ISI Web of Science databases and field experts were consulted for relevant studies. Primary peer-reviewed studies in English language within the time-frame of 2011 to 2020 were considered. Human non-tumour tissues and human-derived non-tumour model systems that have been exposed to IR were considered if they reported changes in protein levels, which could be correlated to radiosensitivity. At least two reviewers screened the titles, keywords, and abstracts of the studies against the eligibility criteria at the first phase and full texts of potential studies at the second phase. Similarly, at least two reviewers manually extracted the data and accessed the risk of bias (National Toxicology Program/Office for Health Assessment and Translation—NTP/OHAT) for the included studies. Finally, the data were synthesised narratively in accordance to synthesis without meta analyses (SWiM) method. Results: In total, 28 studies were included in this review. Most of the records (16) demonstrated increased residual DNA damage in radiosensitive individuals compared to normo-sensitive individuals based on γH2AX and TP53BP1. Overall, 15 studies included proteins other than DNA repair foci, of which five proteins were selected, Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Caspase 3, p16INK4A (Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A, CDKN2A), Interleukin-6, and Interleukin-1β, that were connected to radiosensitivity in normal tissue and were reported at least in two independent studies. Conclusions and implication of key findings: A majority of studies used repair foci as a tool to predict radiosensitivity. However, its correlation to outcome parameters such as repair deficient cell lines and patients, as well as an association to moderate and severe clinical radiation reactions, still remain contradictory. When IR-induced proteins reported in at least two studies were considered, a protein network was discovered, which provides a direction for further studies to elucidate the mechanisms of radiosensitivity. Although the identification of only a few of the commonly reported proteins might raise a concern, this could be because (i) our eligibility criteria were strict and (ii) radiosensitivity is influenced by multiple factors. Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42020220064).

scholarly journals Effects of sport-related repetitive subconcussive head impacts on biofluid markers: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e046452
Author(s):  
Liivia-Mari Lember ◽  
Michail Ntikas ◽  
Stefania Mondello ◽  
Lindsay Wilson ◽  
Angus Hunter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Ebsco Host ◽  
Clinical Trials Registry

IntroductionSport-related repetitive subconcussive head impacts (RSHIs) are increasingly thought to be associated with adverse long-term outcomes. However, owing to potentially subtle effects, accurate assessment of harm to the brain as a consequence of RSHI is a major challenge and an unmet need. Several studies suggest that biofluid markers can be valuable objective tools to aid the diagnosis and injury characterisation and help in medical decision-making. Still, by and large, the results have been limited, heterogeneous and inconsistent. The main aims of this scoping review are therefore (1) to systematically examine the extent, nature and quality of available evidence from studies investigating effects of RSHI on fluid biomarkers and (2) to formulate guidelines and identify gaps with the aim to inform future clinical studies and the development of research priorities.Methods and analysesWe will use a comprehensive search strategy to retrieve all available and relevant articles in the literature. The following electronic databases will be systematically searched: MEDLINE (EBSCO host; from 1809 to 2020); Scopus (from 1788 to 2020); SPORTDiscus (from 1892 to 2020); CINAHL Complete (from 1937 to 2020); PsycINFO (from 1887 to 2020); Cochrane Library (to 2020); OpenGrey (to 2020); ClinicalTrials.gov (to 2020) and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (to 2020). We will consider primarily biomedical studies evaluating the biofluid markers following RSHI. Two independent reviewers will screen articles for inclusion using predefined eligibility criteria and extract data of retained articles. Disagreements will be resolved through consensus or arbitrated by a third reviewer if necessary. Data will be reported qualitatively given the heterogeneity of the included studies. In synthesising the evidence, we will structure results by markers, sample types, outcomes, sport and timepoints.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required. We will submit results for peer-review publication, and present at relevant conferences.

scholarly journals Scoping review of mental health in prisons through the COVID-19 pandemic

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e046547
Author(s):  
Luke Johnson ◽  
Kerry Gutridge ◽  
Julie Parkes ◽  
Anjana Roy ◽  
Emma Plugge
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Prison Staff ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo examine the extent, nature and quality of literature on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of imprisoned people and prison staff.DesignScoping review.Data sourcesPubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Global Health, Cochrane, PsycINFO, PsychExtra, Web of Science and Scopus were searched for any paper from 2019 onwards that focused on the mental health impact of COVID-19 on imprisoned people and prison staff. A grey literature search focused on international and government sources and professional bodies representing healthcare, public health and prison staff was also performed. We also performed hand searching of the reference lists of included studies.Eligibility criteria for selection of studiesAll papers, regardless of study design, were included if they examined the mental health of imprisoned people or prison staff specifically during the COVID-19 pandemic. Imprisoned people could be of any age and from any countries. All languages were included. Two independent reviewers quality assessed appropriate papers.ResultsOf 647 articles found, 83 were eligible for inclusion, the majority (58%) of which were opinion pieces. The articles focused on the challenges to prisoner mental health. Fear of COVID-19, the impact of isolation, discontinuation of prison visits and reduced mental health services were all likely to have an adverse effect on the mental well-being of imprisoned people. The limited research and poor quality of articles included mean that the findings are not conclusive. However, they suggest a significant adverse impact on the mental health and well-being of those who live and work in prisons.ConclusionsIt is key to address the mental health impacts of the pandemic on people who live and work in prisons. These findings are discussed in terms of implications for getting the balance between infection control imperatives and the fundamental human rights of prison populations.

E-mass customization: Effects of self-congruity and functional congruity on consumer responses

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 1379-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minjung Park ◽  
Jungmin Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Mass Customization ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
Ideal Self ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Consumer Responses ◽  
Online Shoppers ◽  
Functional Congruity ◽  
New Perspective

Following the increasing popularity of mass customization in the online retailing environment, we investigated the effects of self-congruity and functional congruity on consumer responses. Female online shoppers (N = 303) in South Korea participated in an online survey. The results showed that the match between ideal self-concept and the customized product was a strong determinant of emotional product attachment. Functional congruity influenced emotional product attachment and perceived quality, which, in turn, influenced behavioral intentions. We also observed a moderating role of self-monitoring, such that, for high self-monitors ideal congruity influenced emotional product attachment, whereas for low self-monitors functional congruity influenced emotional product attachment and perceived quality. Thus, we provided both empirical support for the effects of ideal congruity and functional congruity on consumer responses in an online mass customization context, and a new perspective for those seeking to enhance the effectiveness of mass customization.

scholarly journals A scoping review protocol to map the evidence on the use of action research methodology by healthcare professionals and in healthcare team settings

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Kinley Roberts ◽  
Mary Casey ◽  
David Coghlan ◽  
Catherine Cornall ◽  
Clare Hudson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Scientific Journal ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Healthcare Team ◽  
Transformative Change ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Process Stage ◽  
Stage 1

Background: Action research (AR) starts with an existing practical situation with which there is a concern or potential for improvement. It seeks transformative change through the simultaneous process of doing research and undertaking actions, both of which are linked together by a critical reflective process. It simultaneously allows one to systematically investigate a given social situation while promoting democratic change and collaborative participation. AR approaches have been used for many years in business management and education. More recently, AR has become an increasingly popular method of inquiry in healthcare, particularly in nursing, to investigate professional practice while simultaneously; introducing innovations; planning and undertaking action; and evaluating new ideas. The overall goal is to augment collaboration whilst improving the patient experience and outcomes. Methods: The Arksey and O'Malley methodology framework will be used to guide this scoping review process: stage 1 will identify the research questions; the eligibility criteria and search strategy will be defined in stage 2; studies will then be selected in stage 3; data will be extracted and charted from these included studies in stage 4; stage 5 involves aggregating and summarising these results along with criteria relevant for health professionals and policy-makers. An optional consultation (stage 6) exercise may potentially be included. Conclusion: This scoping review will comprehensively map the evidence on the use of AR methodology by healthcare professionals and in healthcare team settings. It is predicted that the findings will inform researchers in carrying out future AR and highlight gaps in the literature. An article reporting the results of the completed scoping review will be submitted for publication to a scientific journal and presented at relevant national and international conferences.

scholarly journals Diagnosing Overtraining Syndrome: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 194173812110447
Author(s):  
Justin Carrard ◽  
Anne-Catherine Rigort ◽  
Christian Appenzeller-Herzog ◽  
Flora Colledge ◽  
Karsten Königstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Overtraining Syndrome ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Study Characteristics

Context: Overtraining syndrome (OTS) is a condition characterized by a long-term performance decrement, which occurs after a persisting imbalance between training-related and nontraining-related load and recovery. Because of the lack of a gold standard diagnostic test, OTS remains a diagnosis of exclusion. Objective: To systematically review and map biomarkers and tools reported in the literature as potentially diagnostic for OTS. Data Sources: PubMed, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus were searched from database inception to February 4, 2021, and results screened for eligibility. Backward and forward citation tracking on eligible records were used to complement results of database searching. Study Selection: Studies including athletes with a likely OTS diagnosis, as defined by the European College of Sport Science and the American College of Sports Medicine, and reporting at least 1 biomarker or tool potentially diagnostic for OTS were deemed eligible. Study Design: Scoping review following the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Level of Evidence: Level 4. Data Extraction: Athletes’ population, criteria used to diagnose OTS, potentially diagnostic biomarkers and tools, as well as miscellaneous study characteristics were extracted. Results: The search yielded 5561 results, of which 39 met the eligibility criteria. Three diagnostic scores, namely the EROS-CLINICAL, EROS-SIMPLIFIED, and EROS-COMPLETE scores (EROS = Endocrine and Metabolic Responses on Overtraining Syndrome study), were identified. Additionally, basal hormone, neurotransmitter and other metabolite levels, hormonal responses to stimuli, psychological questionnaires, exercise tests, heart rate variability, electroencephalography, immunological and redox parameters, muscle structure, and body composition were reported as potentially diagnostic for OTS. Conclusion: Specific hormones, neurotransmitters, and metabolites, as well as psychological, electrocardiographic, electroencephalographic, and immunological patterns were identified as potentially diagnostic for OTS, reflecting its multisystemic nature. As exemplified by the EROS scores, combinations of these variables may be required to diagnose OTS. These scores must now be validated in larger samples and within female athletes.

scholarly journals Switching attention from internal to external information processing: a review of the literature and empirical support of the resource sharing account

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Verschooren ◽  
Sebastian Schindler ◽  
Rudi de Raedt ◽  
Gilles Pourtois
Keyword(s):  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Switch Cost ◽  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
External Information ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Switch Costs ◽  
Domain Switch

Despite its everyday ubiquity, not much is currently known about cognitive processes involved in flexible shifts of attention between external and internal information. An important model in the task-switching literature, which can serve as a blueprint for attentional flexibility, states that switch costs correspond to the time needed for a serial control mechanism to reallocate a limited resource from the previous task context to the current one. To formulate predictions from this model when applied to a switch between perceptual attention (external component) and working memory (WM; internal component), we first need to determine whether a single, serial control mechanism is in place and, subsequently, whether a limited resource is shared between them. Following a review of the literature, we predicted that a between-domain switch cost should be observed, and its size should be either similar or reduced compared to the standard, within-domain, switch cost. These latter two predictions derive from a shared resource account between external and internal attention, or partial independence among them, respectively. In a second phase, we put to the test these opposing predictions in four successive behavioral experiments by means of a new paradigm suited to compare directly between- (internal to external) and within-domain (external to external) switch costs. Across them, we demonstrated the existence of a reliable between-domain switch cost whose magnitude was similar to the within-domain one, thereby lending support to the resource sharing account.

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