A review of tele-dermatology during the COVID-19 pandemic and its future. (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaotian Wu
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
The Future

BACKGROUND As the COVID-19 pandemic rages on worldwide, social distancing and minimising face-to-face interactions remain key to reducing the spread of disease. As a result of this change, the field of tele-dermatology has matured rapidly and has become widely adopted. OBJECTIVE The objectives of this paper are to review the literature on the use of tele-dermatology during the COVID-19 pandemic - to identify how tele-dermatology services were implemented, the benefits of tele-dermatology, its challenges and limitations, and the implications for tele-dermatology in the future. METHODS A literature search for articles on the PubMed database was conducted using the keywords “tele-dermatology” and “COVID”. Results were filtered for articles written in English and published in the years 2020 and 2021. We included articles that meet the following criteria: studies that describe the experiences of an institution that has implemented tele-dermatology during the COVID-19 pandemic or qualitative studies surveying the perceptions of patients and/or doctors after using tele-dermatology as a platform. We excluded articles that merely discussed tele-dermatology without describing any first-hand experience. To prevent duplication of findings, we also excluded system reviews. Relevant articles were identified by their title and abstracts. Full text, where available, were retrieved for the identified articles. RESULTS The results were retrieved on 26th May 2021. A total of 112 results were identified. 33 articles met the inclusion criteria, of which 30 articles had full text available for retrieval. The following themes were identified from the articles and discussed: implementation of tele-dermatology, the benefits of tele-dermatology during a global pandemic, the limitations of tele-dermatology, and the possible role of tele-dermatology in the future. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic has certainly hastened the adoption of tele-dermatology worldwide. As we adapt to the increasing prevalence of this relatively new platform and overcome its various barriers and limitations, there is no doubt that tele-dermatology will play a significant role in the care of patients suffering from skin diseases in the post COVID-19 era.

Let’s Talk: Face-to-Face Interaction Now

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-160
Author(s):  
Jonathan Reades ◽  
Martin Crookston
Keyword(s):  
Work Lives ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Real People ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Moment

We look at how Chapter 5’s ‘people ideas’ play out in practice; it is about real people talking about real jobs. Respondents described their interactions, how much was internal or external, the frequency and nature of contacts, and how much their social and work lives interpenetrated. Strongly evident in the responses is the role of different technologies in displacing face-to-face in specific contexts and settings. The trade-offs between on- and off-line encounters emerged, as did what that means for how firms conduct business and choose where to locate. A section titled Was This the Future? reports on a follow-up survey of our original interviewees in the midst of a global pandemic that tested our assumptions and arguments. With lockdowns, ‘social distancing’ and working from home as people’s ‘new normal’, was this the moment to discover that F2F wasn’t quite so important after all? The section reports both on immediate effects in their sectors, and their views on the likely longer-term impacts on how business would be done.

The Role of Italy in the Development of Energy Cooperation between Kazakhstan and the EU

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyailya Nurgaliyeva
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Energy Cooperation ◽  
The Eu

This paper focuses on the contribution of Italy to the development of energy cooperation between Kazakhstan and the EU, focusing on the specific case of the Kashagan oil field. I argue that Italy, as the largest importer of Kazakhstan’s oil, can play a significant role in the diversification of energy export routes from Kazakhstan and in the introduction of new European technologies. In turn, Kazakhstan can play a prominent role in ensuring the energy security of the EU, especially after the 2014 Crimea incident. I posit that recent Italy-Kazakhstan relations shows how a medium-sized power such as Italy can be important in leading a larger block of countries into a new field of investment and development.   Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v9i1.244

scholarly journals Shunt Technology in Pediatric Neurosurgery: Current options and Scientific Evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2(May-August)) ◽  
pp. e342020
Author(s):  
Luciano Lopes Furlanetti ◽  
Matheus Fernando Manzolli Ballestero ◽  
Ricardo Santos De Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Pediatric Neurosurgery ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Working Mechanism ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Training ◽  
Underlying Pathology

Introduction: Hydrocephalus is the most common neurosurgical condition among children worldwide and shunt diversion of the cerebral-spinal fluid (CSF) has been widely available. The aim of the present study was to perform a systematic review on types and models of shunt devices available and critically evaluate scientific evidence in favor of the usage of specific technologies. Methods: Searches of the PubMed database were performed for relevant articles published from until March 2020. Appropriate keywords were used to identify all studies, including: “shunt”, “technology”, “hydrocephalus”, “children”, “pediatric”. The indications and scientific evidence in favor of the usage of specific shunt technology for the treatment of hydrocephalus according to age, underlying pathology and other features of specific patients were discussed under the light of the current literature. Results: A total of 178 peer-reviewed papers were found. Out of them, only 21 matched our inclusion criteria and were finally selected. The papers were reviewed and described technology discussed below. A summary of the main types of shunts commercially available worldwide, including their respective working mechanism and construction was also included. Conclusion:Shunt technology has evolved during the last decades and continues to be intensively developed. Despite of the huge arsenal of different types of shunt systems currently available on the market, the treatment of hydrocephalus remains challenging. Investment in research, education and training, as well as prospective randomized multicentric controlled trials evaluating the role of specific valves in the treatment of individual group of hydrocephalic pediatric patients are urgently needed.

Epicyclic Gearing for Gas Turbine Main Propulsion

1976 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Yates
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
High Power ◽  
Bulk Carrier ◽  
Merchant Marine ◽  
Future Role ◽  
Definite Advantage ◽  
The Future ◽  
Basic Concepts

The success of epicyclic gears in marine main propulsion has been well established. Their small size and weight has led to their introduction in many types of vessel. Epicyclic gears were used in many of the very early naval gas turbine powered vessels and, indeed since then, nearly 250 gears have been supplied for use with a marinized version of the “Proteus” gas turbine. The construction of this and other gas turbine propulsion gears is discussed in some detail to illustrate the basic concepts and design of the gearing. Because of the difficulties in providing astern power in a gas turbine powered ship without the use of a C.P. propeller, there has been interest in the use of a high power reversing gear. Here epicyclic gearing shows a definite advantage over the equivalent alternatives and indeed was used in the naval vessels referred to earlier. Some of the parameters relating to large reversing epicyclic gears are described and the future role of reversing gears is discussed. The description of recently delivered merchant marine triple reduction epicyclic gears is given. The gears transmit 8200 kw from an industrial type of gas turbine and are each installed in a 45,000 tons bulk carrier. Epicyclic gears have played a significant role in the development of gas turbine ship’s propulsion and their future role is discussed in relation to present and projected requirements.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of the Epidemiology, Immunopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Pleural TB in HIV- Infected Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aljohaney ◽  
K. Amjadi ◽  
G. G. Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Pleural Effusions ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
High Burden

Background. High HIV burden countries have experienced a high burden of pleural TB in HIV-infected patients.Objective. To review the epidemiology, immunopathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of pleural TB in HIV-infected patients.Methods. A literature search from 1950 to June 2011 in MEDLINE was conducted.Results. Two-hundred and ninety-nine studies were identified, of which 30 met the inclusion criteria. The immunopathogenesis as denoted by cells and cytokine profiles is distinctly different between HIV and HIV-uninfected pleural TB disease. Adenosine deaminase and interferon gamma are good markers of pleural TB disease even in HIV-infected patients. HIV-uninfected TB suspects with pleural effusions commonly have a low yield of TB organisms however the evidence suggests that in dually infected patients smear and cultures have a higher yield. The Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay has significant potential to improve the diagnosis of pleural TB in HIV-positive patients.Conclusions. Pleural TB in HIV-infected patients has a different immunopathogenesis than HIV-uninfected pleural TB and these findings in part support the differences noted in this systematic review. Research should focus on developing an interferon gamma-based point of care diagnostic test and expansion of the role of Gene Xpert in the diagnosis of pleural TB.

scholarly journals Retinal involvement of coronavirus disease (COVID-19): A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Mohammad Eko Prayogo ◽  
Angela Nurini Agni
Keyword(s):  
Literature Search ◽  
Ocular Involvement ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Retinal Lesions ◽  
Ocular Manifestations ◽  
Cotton Wool Spots ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Pigmented Epithelium ◽  
Language Restriction

COVID-19 has wide-ranging manifestations which involve various organs. Although COVID-19 is known to affect mainly the respiratory system, many patients suffered from ocular manifestations following SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially conjunctivitis. However, there was some evidence of broader ocular involvement, which could involve the retinal layer. This review aims to analyze the possible explanation of retinal involvement in COVID-19 and whether comorbidities increase the risk of retinal involvement in COVID-19. We conducted a systematic literature search during September 2020 using the PUBMED database and other additional sources (e.g., Google Scholar). There was no year of publication nor language restriction. Six papers are used in this literature review: two studies reported retinal lesions in COVID-19 patients, one study detected SARS-CoV-2 RNA in retinal biopsies and three studies proposed possible mechanisms of retinal involvement in COVID-19. Ocular structures express ACE-2, such as the aqueous humor, pigmented epithelium, and retina. This is supported by the finding of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in postmortem patients. Retinal involvement in COVID-19 patients includes hyperreflective retina lesions, subtle cotton wool spots, and microhemorrhage. However, these findings do not necessarily indicate the specificity of retinal involvement. Diabetes mellitus may be associated with disease severity in patients with COVID-19. Some evidence of retinal involvement in SARS-CoV-2 infection involves the detection of retinal lesions, the expression of ACE-2 in the retina, and the role of comorbidities.

scholarly journals The Effect of Mulaka Beejadi Lepa and Pruthu Nimba Panchaka Churna in the Management of Vicharchika W.S.R. to Eczema 

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
Divya V ◽  
Ragamala K C
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
External Application ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pro Forma ◽  
Great Advance

According to Ayurveda, Vicharchika is a major problem in skin diseases.  All Kusthas are having Tridoshaja origin.The disease Vicharchika to a greater extent resembles eczema/dermatitis.  Despite of great advance in dermatology and the advent of powerful antibiotics, antifungal as well as steroids, Eczema continues to defy the best effect of dermatologists. Hence it is the need of the hour to find out safe and effective medicine for Vicharchika and here comes the role of Ayurveda. The involvement of Vata results in dry, blackish lesion of eczema, itching in those affected areas is due to Kapha and Pitta is responsible for Srava. In classical texts, Ayurveda Acharyas emphasizes shodhana and shamana therapy as the line of treatment at various contexts. So, the study aimed to evaluate efficacy of Mulaka beejadi lepa and Pruthu nimba panchaka churna in vicharchika, 30 children aged 3-16years who were fulfilling the inclusion criteria and diagnostic criteria were selected from Kaumarabhritya OPD and IPD of S.V.Ayurvedic College & Hospital, Tirupati.  Patients were given Mulaka beejadi lepa as external application  and vati prepared with Pruthu nimba panchaka churna 250mg BID  in 3-10years age group and 500mg BID in 11-16yrs age group children for 30days and called for follow up after 15days to note any recurrence.The cases were recorded as per the case Pro forma and observations were recorded. Symptoms were scored and statistically analysed for any change before and after treatment. Mulaka Beejadi lepa as external application and Pruthu Nimba panchaka churna internally are very effective in the management of vicharchika.  

scholarly journals Saving Lives and Changing Minds with Twitter in Disasters and Pandemics: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-77
Author(s):  
Hamed Seddighi ◽  
Ibrahim Salmani ◽  
Saeideh Seddighi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Aid Workers ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Building Trust ◽  
Public Sentiment ◽  
Twitter Data ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Search

Twitter is a major tool for communication during emergencies and disasters. This study aimed to investigate Twitter use during natural hazards and pandemics. The included studies reported the role of Twitter in disasters triggered by natural hazards. Electronic databases were used for a comprehensive literature search to identify the records that match the mentioned inclusion criteria published through May 2020. Forty-five articles met the selection criteria and were included in the review. These indicated ten functions of Twitter in disasters, including early warning, dissemination of information, advocacy, assessment, risk communication, public sentiment, geographical analysis, charity, collaboration with influencers and building trust. Preventing the spread of misinformation is one of the most important issues in times of disaster, especially pandemics. Sharing accurate, transparent and prompt information from emergency organizations and governments can help. Moreover, analyzing Twitter data can be a good way to understand the mental state of the community, estimate the number of injured people, estimate the points affected by disasters and model the prevalence of epidemics. Therefore, various groups such as politicians, government, nongovernmental organizations, aid workers and the health system can use this information to plan and implement interventions.

scholarly journals Consensus on the Application of Lung Ultrasound in Pneumonia and Bronchiolitis in Children

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 935
Author(s):  
Joanna Jaworska ◽  
Anna Komorowska-Piotrowska ◽  
Andrzej Pomiećko ◽  
Jakub Wiśniewski ◽  
Mariusz Woźniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Delphi Method ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
On Line

This evidence-based consensus aims to establish the role of point-of-care lung ultrasound in the management of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in paediatric patients. A panel of thirteen experts form five Polish tertiary pediatric centres was involved in the development of this document. The literature search was done in PubMed database. Statements were established based on a review of full-text articles published in English up to December 2019. The development of this consensus was conducted according to the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations)—adopted and Delphi method. Initially, 22 proposed statements were debated over 3 rounds of on-line discussion and anonymous voting sessions. A total of 17 statements were agreed upon, including four statements referring to general issues, nine referring to pneumonia and four to bronchiolitis. For five statements experts did not achieve an agreement. The evidence supporting each statement was evaluated to assess the strength of each statement. Overall, eight statements were rated strong, five statements moderate, and four statements weak. For each statement, experts provided their comments based on the literature review and their own experience. This consensus is the first to establish the role of lung ultrasound in the diagnosis and management of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in children as an evidence-based method of imaging.

Marginal Stories? The Perspectives on Citizenship of Multiple Citizens and Multicultural Persons of Estonia

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leif Kalev ◽  
Rein Ruutsoo
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Eu Integration ◽  
Essential Tool ◽  
Union Citizenship ◽  
National Citizenship ◽  
The Future

 This article focuses on practices of citizenship in Estonia by persons with multiple citizenship or multicultural background. In the previous stages of research on this topic primary attention was paid to national citizenship, multiple citizenship and European Union citizenship as institutions, as well as the role of citizenship in the construction of European space. Expected "configurations" of multiple citizenship as articulated in Marshallian (1992) terms, as well as linkages between different spaces of membership (national and not-national) of citizenship as perceived by the national decision makers, mapped both avenues and bottleneck s for the future. Our research raises questions and problems related to citizenship as both an essential tool of nation building and of EU integration (cf. Ruutsoo and Kal ev 2006, Ruutsoo and Kalev forthcoming).   Full text available: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v3i1.181

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