scholarly journals Saving Lives and Changing Minds with Twitter in Disasters and Pandemics: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-77
Author(s):  
Hamed Seddighi ◽  
Ibrahim Salmani ◽  
Saeideh Seddighi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Aid Workers ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Building Trust ◽  
Public Sentiment ◽  
Twitter Data ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Search

Twitter is a major tool for communication during emergencies and disasters. This study aimed to investigate Twitter use during natural hazards and pandemics. The included studies reported the role of Twitter in disasters triggered by natural hazards. Electronic databases were used for a comprehensive literature search to identify the records that match the mentioned inclusion criteria published through May 2020. Forty-five articles met the selection criteria and were included in the review. These indicated ten functions of Twitter in disasters, including early warning, dissemination of information, advocacy, assessment, risk communication, public sentiment, geographical analysis, charity, collaboration with influencers and building trust. Preventing the spread of misinformation is one of the most important issues in times of disaster, especially pandemics. Sharing accurate, transparent and prompt information from emergency organizations and governments can help. Moreover, analyzing Twitter data can be a good way to understand the mental state of the community, estimate the number of injured people, estimate the points affected by disasters and model the prevalence of epidemics. Therefore, various groups such as politicians, government, nongovernmental organizations, aid workers and the health system can use this information to plan and implement interventions.

scholarly journals Role of social support in tobacco cessation

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 3942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shruthi P. S. ◽  
Niveditha B. S. ◽  
Punith Shetty ◽  
Krishna Chaitanya ◽  
Naveen Khargekar
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Relapse Prevention ◽  
Tobacco Cessation ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Tobacco Intervention ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Search

Most tobacco intervention focus on behavioural methods to reduce dependence, the role of social support is unclear. The objective is to evaluate the evidence of social support as well as its efficacy with respect to tobacco cessation. It explores to understand the role of social support for an individual to make a behaviour change. Social support is one resource in the environment, if used effectively can be extremely beneficial for someone wanting to quit tobacco. A comprehensive literature search on the contribution of social support with respect to tobacco cessation was conducted to give a practical review for practitioners in the field. Overall, it was seen that all the studies strengthened the evidence for the role of social support in tobacco cessation. Although, more research is required in this field to comprehend the long haul advantages of social support and additionally its effects on psychological well-being as well as relapse prevention. 

scholarly journals World leaders’ usage of Twitter in response to the COVID-19 pandemic: a content analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 510-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohaib R Rufai ◽  
Catey Bunce
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Group Of Seven ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Twitter Data ◽  
Public Health Information ◽  
Effective Public Health

ABSTRACT Background It is crucial that world leaders mount effective public health measures in response to COVID-19. Twitter may represent a powerful tool to help achieve this. Here, we explore the role of Twitter as used by Group of Seven (G7) world leaders in response to COVID-19. Methods This was a qualitative study with content analysis. Inclusion criteria were as follows: viral tweets from G7 world leaders, attracting a minimum of 500 ‘likes’; keywords ‘COVID-19’ or ‘coronavirus’; search dates 17 November 2019 to 17 March 2020. We performed content analysis to categorize tweets into appropriate themes and analyzed associated Twitter data. Results Eight out of nine (88.9%) G7 world leaders had verified and active Twitter accounts, with a total following of 85.7 million users. Out of a total 203 viral tweets, 166 (82.8%) were classified as ‘Informative’, of which 48 (28.6%) had weblinks to government-based sources, while 19 (9.4%) were ‘Morale-boosting’ and 14 (6.9%) were ‘Political’. Numbers of followers and viral tweets were not strictly related. Conclusions Twitter may represent a powerful tool for world leaders to rapidly communicate public health information with citizens. We would urge general caution when using Twitter for health information, with a preference for tweets containing official government-based information sources.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of the Epidemiology, Immunopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Pleural TB in HIV- Infected Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aljohaney ◽  
K. Amjadi ◽  
G. G. Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Pleural Effusions ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
High Burden

Background. High HIV burden countries have experienced a high burden of pleural TB in HIV-infected patients.Objective. To review the epidemiology, immunopathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of pleural TB in HIV-infected patients.Methods. A literature search from 1950 to June 2011 in MEDLINE was conducted.Results. Two-hundred and ninety-nine studies were identified, of which 30 met the inclusion criteria. The immunopathogenesis as denoted by cells and cytokine profiles is distinctly different between HIV and HIV-uninfected pleural TB disease. Adenosine deaminase and interferon gamma are good markers of pleural TB disease even in HIV-infected patients. HIV-uninfected TB suspects with pleural effusions commonly have a low yield of TB organisms however the evidence suggests that in dually infected patients smear and cultures have a higher yield. The Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay has significant potential to improve the diagnosis of pleural TB in HIV-positive patients.Conclusions. Pleural TB in HIV-infected patients has a different immunopathogenesis than HIV-uninfected pleural TB and these findings in part support the differences noted in this systematic review. Research should focus on developing an interferon gamma-based point of care diagnostic test and expansion of the role of Gene Xpert in the diagnosis of pleural TB.

A review of tele-dermatology during the COVID-19 pandemic and its future. (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaotian Wu
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
The Future

BACKGROUND As the COVID-19 pandemic rages on worldwide, social distancing and minimising face-to-face interactions remain key to reducing the spread of disease. As a result of this change, the field of tele-dermatology has matured rapidly and has become widely adopted. OBJECTIVE The objectives of this paper are to review the literature on the use of tele-dermatology during the COVID-19 pandemic - to identify how tele-dermatology services were implemented, the benefits of tele-dermatology, its challenges and limitations, and the implications for tele-dermatology in the future. METHODS A literature search for articles on the PubMed database was conducted using the keywords “tele-dermatology” and “COVID”. Results were filtered for articles written in English and published in the years 2020 and 2021. We included articles that meet the following criteria: studies that describe the experiences of an institution that has implemented tele-dermatology during the COVID-19 pandemic or qualitative studies surveying the perceptions of patients and/or doctors after using tele-dermatology as a platform. We excluded articles that merely discussed tele-dermatology without describing any first-hand experience. To prevent duplication of findings, we also excluded system reviews. Relevant articles were identified by their title and abstracts. Full text, where available, were retrieved for the identified articles. RESULTS The results were retrieved on 26th May 2021. A total of 112 results were identified. 33 articles met the inclusion criteria, of which 30 articles had full text available for retrieval. The following themes were identified from the articles and discussed: implementation of tele-dermatology, the benefits of tele-dermatology during a global pandemic, the limitations of tele-dermatology, and the possible role of tele-dermatology in the future. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic has certainly hastened the adoption of tele-dermatology worldwide. As we adapt to the increasing prevalence of this relatively new platform and overcome its various barriers and limitations, there is no doubt that tele-dermatology will play a significant role in the care of patients suffering from skin diseases in the post COVID-19 era.

The Role of FTO in Tumors and It’s Research Progress

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Wei ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Shi Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Search

Background: A malignant tumor is a disease that seriously threatens human health. At present, more and more research results show that the pathogenesis of different tumors is very complicated, and the methods of clinical treatment are also diverse. This review analyzes and summarizes the role of fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) genes in different tumors and provides a reference value for research and drug treatment methods. Method: We conducted a comprehensive literature search using the database. According to the article's primary purpose, irrelevant articles were excluded from the research summary and included in the relevant articles. Finally, the relevant information of the article was summarized. Result: In this article, the relationship between malignant tumors and FTO is introduced by citing many documents. In addition, the inhibitors that act on FTO are listed. Conclusion: This article has shown that FTO protein is a demethylase that can regulate N6-methyladenosine (m6A) levels in mRNA and plays a crucial role in the progression and resistance of various tumors such as leukemia, breast cancer, and lung cancer.

scholarly journals The Role of the Nurse Unit Manager Function on Nursing Work Performance: A Systematic Review

Jurnal NERS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Fitriyanti Patarru' ◽  
Basilius Yosepfus Weu ◽  
Febrina Secsaria Handini ◽  
Heryyanoor Heryyanoor
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Professional Services ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Unit Manager ◽  
Management Function ◽  
Management Functions

Introduction: The role of Nurse Unit Manager is to improve the nurses’ performance in the context of their professional services. This role consists of planning, organizing, actuating and controlling. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the influence of the nurse unit manager’s management functions related to the nurses’ performance.Methods: The literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Science Direct and SAGE databases with the keywords ‘head nurses’, ‘management function’ and ‘nurse performance’. The articles were reviewed using the inclusion criteria, which was that the title and abstract was in accordance with the desired topic, that the article aimed to analyze the influence of the nurse unit manager’s management functions related to the nurses’ performance and that it was explained in English. The exclusion criteria were that the title, abstract and purpose of the article was not in accordance with the topic of focus. The search identified 15 relevant journals from the 276.303 articles published between 2014 and 2019.Results: The results indicate a significant relationship exists between the role of the nurse unit manager and nursing work performance.Conclusion: To improve the management function of the nurse unit manager, it is necessary to conduct training for the nurse unit manager to allow them to better understand the functions and role of the nurse unit manager.

scholarly journals Liposomes to Augment Dialysis in Preclinical Models; A Structured Review

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 395
Author(s):  
Kevin Hart ◽  
Martyn Harvey ◽  
Mingtan Tang ◽  
Zimei Wu ◽  
Grant Cave
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Hepatic Failure ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Preclinical Models ◽  
Preclinical Trials ◽  
Organ Failures ◽  
High Doses

In recent years, a number of groups have been investigating the use of “empty” liposomes with no drug loaded as scavengers both for exogenous intoxicants and endogenous toxic molecules. Preclinical trials have demonstrated that repurposing liposomes to sequester such compounds may prove clinically useful. The use of such “empty” liposomes in the dialysate during dialysis avoids recognition by complement surveillance, allowing high doses of liposomes to be used. The “reach” of dialysis may also be increased to molecules that are not traditionally dialysable. We aim to review the current literature in this area with the aims of increasing awareness and informing further research. A structured literature search identified thirteen papers which met the inclusion criteria. Augmenting the extraction of ammonia in hepatic failure with pH-gradient liposomes with acidic centres in peritoneal dialysis is the most studied area, with work progressing toward phase one trials. Liposomes used to augment the removal of exogenous intoxicants and protein-bound uraemic and hepatic toxins that accumulate in these organ failures and liposome-supported enzymatic dialysis have also been studied. It is conceivable that liposomes will be repurposed from the role of pharmaceutical vectors to gain further indications as clinically useful nanomedical antidotes/treatments within the next decade.

Minimally Invasive versus Conventional LVAD-Implantation—An Analysis of the Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (03) ◽  
pp. 156-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Wachter ◽  
Ulrich Franke ◽  
Christian Rustenbach ◽  
Hardy Baumbach
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Assist Device ◽  
Ventricular Assist ◽  
Left Ventricular Assist ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Search

AbstractThis review aims to provide an overview on recent data to evaluate minimally invasive (MVAD) and conventional (CVAD) left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov was conducted up to April 2017. A total of 183 studies were identified; 13 studies met inclusion criteria. The review revealed a trend toward a lower rate of transfusion, and shorter time for cardiopulmonary bypass, as well as a lower 30-day mortality rate for MVAD. This review indicates that there are possible benefits of minimally invasive LVAD implantation, even though the state of literature is poor.

scholarly journals LITERATUR REVIEW : KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN LEUKEMIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Arslan Kamil Aries ◽  
Budi Widyanto ◽  
Sudirman Sudirman
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Malignant Disease ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Care Giver ◽  
Inclusion Criteria

Leukemia is a malignant disease that attacks the hematopoiesis system, causing uncontrolled blood cell proliferation. Quality of life is one indicator that can be used to see the welfare conditions of patients suffering from chronic diseases such as leukemia. This review literature aims to find out the factors that influence the quality of life of leukemia patients. Literature search through Google Scholar, EBSCO, Springer Link, Elsevier, Sage databases using keywords: factors, quality of life, leukemia. The journals taken have a range from 2018 to 2020, which are then filtered according to the inclusion criteria set by the author. The results of the review indicate that there are several factors that affect the quality of life in leukemia patients, namely the therapeutic treatment undertaken, the patient's environment, and the role of care giver. Proper management of leukemia patients will improve the quality of life of these patients, and vice versa.

scholarly journals Empathy and Prosocial Behavior in Siblings of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stian Orm ◽  
Torun Vatne ◽  
Theodore S. Tomeny ◽  
Krister Fjermestad
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Search

AbstractSiblings of children with ASD have, as a group, more autistic traits than typically developing individuals. A high prevalence of autistic traits may (or may not) include lower scores on measures of empathy and prosocial behavior compared with typically developing individuals. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of studies of empathy and prosocial behavior in siblings of individuals with ASD. We conducted a comprehensive literature search of studies published until March 2020. We identified 16 studies with a total of 1066 siblings that met inclusion criteria. Based on the review, we conclude that the current literature suggests that siblings of individuals with ASD exhibit normative empathic abilities and prosocial behavior.

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