Quality of postharvest horticultural crops after irradiation treatment

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Wall
Keyword(s):  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Irradiation Treatment

scholarly journals Current Status and Potential of RNA Interference for the Management of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus and Thrips Vectors

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Alexander Nilon ◽  
Karl Robinson ◽  
Hanu R. Pappu ◽  
Neena Mitter
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is the type member of the genus Orthotospovirus in the family Tospoviridae and order Bunyavirales. TSWV, transmitted by several species of thrips, causes significant disease losses to agronomic and horticultural crops worldwide, impacting both the yield and quality of the produce. Management strategies include growing virus-resistant cultivars, cultural practices, and managing thrips vectors through pesticide application. However, numerous studies have reported that TSWV isolates can overcome host-plant resistance, while thrips are developing resistance to pesticides that were once effective. RNA interference (RNAi) offers a means of host defence by using double-stranded (ds) RNA to initiate gene silencing against invading viruses. However, adoption of this approach requires production and use of transgenic plants and thus limits the practical application of RNAi against TSWV and other viruses. To fully utilize the potential of RNAi for virus management at the field level, new and novel approaches are needed. In this review, we summarize RNAi and highlight the potential of topical or exogenous application of RNAi triggers for managing TSWV and thrips vectors.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities, Oxidation Enzymes, and Quality of Nano-Coated Button Mushrooms (Agaricus Bisporus) during Storage

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Rokayya Sami ◽  
Abeer Elhakem ◽  
Mona Alharbi ◽  
Nada Benajiba ◽  
Manal Almatrafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Nano Materials ◽  
Coating Films ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
O2 Production

Agaricus Bisporus is an edible button mushroom that is highly perishable with an extremely short shelf-life at ambient temperature. This work aims to evaluate some antioxidant activities, oxidation enzymes, and determine postharvest qualities of nano-coated mushrooms with the combination of chitosan (CHN) component during storage at 4 °C for (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 days). Silica/CHN Film strongly delayed the mushroom respiratory spike onset and blocked carbon dioxide passage from inside to the outside, while Titanium/CHN Film (0.035 mmol s−1 kg−1) established the lowest O2 production rate and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances production (6.21 nmol g−1). Silica/CHN Film was mainly effectual for the polyphenol contents (0.39 g kg−1) and antioxidant activities (78.14% and 71.09%) for DPPH and ABTS+ radical scavenging activities, respectively. The results reported that Silica/CHN Film induced the highest (catalase and ascorbate peroxidase) activities, while Titanium/CHN Film recorded the highest (peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) activities of antioxidant enzymes. Besides, Titanium/CHN Film preserved relatively lower contents of hydrogen peroxide (22.40 µmol g−1) and hydroxyl radical (0.16 µmol g−1). In a word, nano-materials used in coating films such as titanium or even silica with the combination of CHN can directly reduce the cell degradation, oxidation processes and enhance the harvested horticultural crops.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity of Dianthus chinensis flowers processed by ionizing radiation

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2A) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Cristina Ramos Koike
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Irradiation Treatment ◽  
Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
Β Carotene

The edible flowers are increasingly used in culinary preparations, which require new approaches to improve their conservation and safety. Irradiation treatment is safe and an effective alternative for food conservation. Indeed, it can also guarantee food quality, increasing shelf-life and disinfestation of it. This technology gives us a versatile way to get good quality food, reducing post-harvest losses. Dianthus chinensis flowers, popularly known as Chinese pink, are widely used in culinary preparations, being also acknowledged for their bioactive components and antioxidant properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of D. chinensis flowers submitted to electron beam and gamma irradiation at 0, 0.5, 0.8 and 1 kGy. The antioxidant properties were evaluated through 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, reducing power and β-carotene bleaching inhibition assays. Total phenolics were also determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay. The antioxidant activity was higher for irradiated samples, especially those treated with 0.8 and 1 kGy, independently of the radiation source, which showed the highest capacity to inhibit β-carotene bleaching. Accordingly, the applied irradiation treatments seemed to represent feasible technology to preserve the quality of edible flower petals, being able to improve the antioxidant activity

scholarly journals Gamma Irradiation Treatment of Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Snake Fruit

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 242
Author(s):  
Novi Kusumaning Astuti ◽  
Suputa Suputa ◽  
Nugroho Susetyo Putra ◽  
Murni Indarwatmi
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Minimum Dose ◽  
Irradiation Treatment ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation

Snake fruit (Salacca zalacca) is a unique fruit and it has decadent prospects to be developed as an export commodity. Nevertheless, oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel seems to decrease the quantity and quality of this fruit. On the other side, irradiation has been developed as a standard quarantine treatment to disinfest fruit fly on fruit. The objective of this research was to determine impact of irradiation by Cobalt-60 gamma-ray on the development and survivorship of eggs and the third instar of fruitfly larvae using in-vitro and in-vivo approaches and minimum dose of Cobalt-60 gamma rays applied for snake fruit. Six doses of gamma-ray, i.e. 0 (control), 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150 Gy were used in this experiment. The results showed that Cobalt-60 disturbed development and survivor rate of B. dorsalis. The development of eggs into pupa was failed when treated with Cobalt-60 at any doses, while the third instar larvae failed to become adult when irradiated with 75, 100 and 150 Gy of gamma-ray. The impacts were increased with the increment of dose. Furthermore, impact of gamma-ray irradiation was greater on eggs compared to the third instar of larvae. The minimum dose of irradiation to prevent adults emerge was 118 Gy.

scholarly journals SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF MANGO NUTRITION FOR BETTER YIELD AND QUALITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-501
Author(s):  
Muhammad KHAN ◽  
Niaz AHMED
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients ◽  
Negative Impacts

Optimum supply of macro and micronutrients is of critical importance in improving the yield and quality of horticultural crops. Alike, the quality and yield of mango plants significantly increase by balanced application and uptake of macro and micronutrients. However, soil type and characteristics are important factors that directly influence the bio-availability of these nutrients to the plants. In addition, variability in climate has an impact on mango yield in the current scenario. Many scientists have found that mango cultivation in saline soils is a major obstacle to achieving the desired yield and improving quality. Overdose of fertilization is the major factor for the development of saline soils, furthermore, rise in climate temperatures is also a major factor. Therefore, to overcome this problem, nutrient management and the use of balanced fertilizer are the important factors to be controlled. Thus, this review focuses on the performance and importance of essential macro and micronutrients to improve the yield and quality of mango fruits. To understand the effective use of macro and micronutrients, the positive and negative impacts of the nutrients are explained. It is suggested that analyzing the soil, mango fruits, and mango plant leaves for their nutrient status can be useful to formulate fertilization strategies for higher fruit production and quality. Research and development, along with agricultural extension, should focus more on introducing genetically effective mango varieties to improve nutrient and water utilization efficiency.

scholarly journals Postharvest Quality of Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus spp.) after X-ray Irradiation Quarantine Treatment

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 2115-2119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa M. Wall ◽  
Shakil A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Irradiation Treatment ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Fruit Decay ◽  
Irradiation Stress ◽  
Solids Content

The quality of three dragon fruit clones (Hylocereus spp.) was determined after x-ray irradiation for disinfestation of quarantine pests. Fruit were treated with irradiation doses of 0, 200, 400, 600, or 800 Gy and stored for 12 days at 10 °C. Irradiation did not affect soluble solids content, titratable acidity, or fructose concentrations. Glucose, sucrose, and total sugar concentrations decreased linearly as dose increased. Minimal softening occurred in the outer flesh layers for fruit treated with 400 or 600 Gy irradiation. Surface color, peel injury, and bract appearance differed among the three clones with irradiation stress, but in all cases, visible changes were minor. Fruit decay was absent or minimal, and disease ratings were not affected by irradiation. Irradiation treatment of dragon fruit at doses 800 Gy or less would ensure visual and compositional quality while providing quarantine security.

scholarly journals Strategies to Preserve Postharvest Quality of Horticultural Crops and Superficial Scald Control: From Diphenylamine Antioxidant Usage to More Recent Approaches

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy Dias ◽  
Ana L. Amaro ◽  
Ângelo C. Salvador ◽  
Armando J. D. Silvestre ◽  
Sílvia M. Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Superficial Scald ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Horticultural Products ◽  
Chemical Strategies

Horticultural crops are vulnerable to several disorders, which affect their physiological and organoleptic quality. For about forty years, the control of physiological disorders (such as superficial scald) in horticultural crops, particularly in fruit, was achieved through the application of the antioxidant diphenylamine (DPA), usually combined with controlled atmosphere (CA) conditions. However, identification of DPA residues and metabolites in treated fruits, associated with their toxicity, banned the use of this antioxidant in Europe. This triggered the urgent need for novel and, ideally, natural and sustainable alternatives, combined with adequate storage conditions to protect cultivars from harmful agents. This review systematizes the state-of-the-art DPA application on several fresh cultivars, such as apples, pears, and vegetables (potatoes, spinach, etc.), as well as the possible mechanisms of the action and effects of DPA, emphasizing its antioxidant properties. Alternative methods to DPA are also discussed, as well as respective effects and limitations. Recent research on scald development molecular pathways are highlighted to open new non-chemical strategies opportunities. This appraisal shows that most of the current solutions have not lead to satisfactory commercial results; thus, further research aimed to understand the mechanisms underlying postharvest disorders and to design sustainable and safe solutions to improve horticultural products storage is needed.

scholarly journals Genome editing for horticultural crop improvement

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiemeng Xu ◽  
Kai Hua ◽  
Zhaobo Lang
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Horticultural Crop ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Horticultural Research

Abstract Horticultural crops provide humans with many valuable products. The improvement of the yield and quality of horticultural crops has been receiving increasing research attention. Given the development and advantages of genome-editing technologies, research that uses genome editing to improve horticultural crops has substantially increased in recent years. Here, we briefly review the different genome-editing systems used in horticultural research with a focus on clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated 9 (Cas9)-mediated genome editing. We also summarize recent progress in the application of genome editing for horticultural crop improvement. The combination of rapidly advancing genome-editing technology with breeding will greatly increase horticultural crop production and quality.

INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS SOIL MOISTURE LEVELS ON THE PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF SOME HORTICULTURAL CROPS IN A SUBIRRIGATED GREENHOUSE

1988 ◽  
pp. 171-178
Author(s):  
C.F. Cereti ◽  
M. Acutis ◽  
C. Grignani ◽  
A. Reyneri ◽  
D. Vanzetti
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Horticultural Crops
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