scholarly journals Detection of Cataract Based on Image Features Using Convolutional Neural Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Indra Weni ◽  
Pradita Eko Prasetyo Utomo ◽  
Benedika Ferdian Hutabarat ◽  
Muksin Alfalah
Keyword(s):  
Image Features ◽  
Feature Representation ◽  
Data Loss ◽  
Visual Disabilities ◽  
A Value ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
The World ◽  
Traditional Algorithm ◽  
Late Treatment ◽  
To Receive

Cataract are the highest cause of blindness that there are 32.4 million people experiencing blindness and as many as 191 million people experiencing visual disabilities in 2010 in the world. On the other hand, the longer a patient suffers from cataracts or late treatment. The development of cataract identification using a traditional algorithm based on feature representation is highly dependent on the classification process carried out by an eye specialist so that the method is prone to misclassification of a person detected or not. However, at this time there is a deep learning, convolutional neural network (CNN) which is used for pattern recognition which can help automate image classification. This research was conducted to increase the accuracy value and minimize data loss in the process of cataract identification by performing an experience namely the manipulation process was carried out by changing epochs. The results of this study indicate that the addition of epochs affects accuracy and loss data from CNN. By comparing variety of epoch values it can be ignored that the higher the age values used, the higher the value of the model. In this study, using the epoch 50 value reached the highest value with a value of 95%. Based on the model that has been made it has also been successful to receive images according to the specified class. After testing accurately, 10 images achieved an average accuracy of 88%.

scholarly journals High-throughput quantitation of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a single-dilution homogeneous assay

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus H. Kainulainen ◽  
Eric Bergeron ◽  
Payel Chatterjee ◽  
Asheley P. Chapman ◽  
Joo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
A Value ◽  
Elisa Testing ◽  
The World ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Qualitative Assay ◽  
Homogeneous Assay ◽  
Asymptomatic Infections

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 emerged in late 2019 and has since spread around the world, causing a pandemic of the respiratory disease COVID-19. Detecting antibodies against the virus is an essential tool for tracking infections and developing vaccines. Such tests, primarily utilizing the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) principle, can be either qualitative (reporting positive/negative results) or quantitative (reporting a value representing the quantity of specific antibodies). Quantitation is vital for determining stability or decline of antibody titers in convalescence, efficacy of different vaccination regimens, and detection of asymptomatic infections. Quantitation typically requires two-step ELISA testing, in which samples are first screened in a qualitative assay and positive samples are subsequently analyzed as a dilution series. To overcome the throughput limitations of this approach, we developed a simpler and faster system that is highly automatable and achieves quantitation in a single-dilution screening format with sensitivity and specificity comparable to those of ELISA.

Preventing the Retrenchment of the Welfare State: Switzerland's Competitiveness in the World Market for Protection

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Nollert ◽  
Sebastian Schief
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
World Market ◽  
Service Economy ◽  
Welfare Regime ◽  
Policy Mix ◽  
Social Expenditure ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Entrepreneur ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The Welfare State

Most welfare state typologies still characterize Switzerland as a liberal welfare regime. However, recent research shows that its welfare state did not retrench but instead moved towards the conservative type. Nevertheless, higher social expenditure has not been accompanied by increases in taxation. Moreover, Switzerland managed to overcome the so-called trilemma of the service economy. After analyzing the shift of the Swiss welfare state from a liberal to a conservative welfare regime, we argue that the Swiss economic success story of the twentieth century is based on a favourable policy mix (tax system, labour market, financial sector) used to compete successfully in the world market for protection. We conclude that, as a political entrepreneur, Switzerland has the capability to receive taxes and investments from foreign individuals and enterprises, wealthy residents and high-skilled and well-paid immigrants to finance the welfare state and to overcome the trilemma of the service economy.

scholarly journals Constrained Multiple Planar Reconstruction for Automatic Camera Calibration of Intelligent Vehicles

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4643
Author(s):  
Sang Jun Lee ◽  
Jeawoo Lee ◽  
Wonju Lee ◽  
Cheolhun Jang
Keyword(s):  
Camera Calibration ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Intelligent Vehicles ◽  
Point Problem ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
The World ◽  
Extrinsic Parameters ◽  
Automatic Camera Calibration

In intelligent vehicles, extrinsic camera calibration is preferable to be conducted on a regular basis to deal with unpredictable mechanical changes or variations on weight load distribution. Specifically, high-precision extrinsic parameters between the camera coordinate and the world coordinate are essential to implement high-level functions in intelligent vehicles such as distance estimation and lane departure warning. However, conventional calibration methods, which solve a Perspective-n-Point problem, require laborious work to measure the positions of 3D points in the world coordinate. To reduce this inconvenience, this paper proposes an automatic camera calibration method based on 3D reconstruction. The main contribution of this paper is a novel reconstruction method to recover 3D points on planes perpendicular to the ground. The proposed method jointly optimizes reprojection errors of image features projected from multiple planar surfaces, and finally, it significantly reduces errors in camera extrinsic parameters. Experiments were conducted in synthetic simulation and real calibration environments to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

DCNN-based Ship Classification using Enhanced Edge Information and Inception Module

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Wang ◽  
Xiaoting Yu ◽  
Chengeng Huang ◽  
Qinghong Sheng ◽  
Yuanyuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Classification Performance ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Edge Information ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
Ship Classification ◽  
Edge Features ◽  
High Level ◽  
Better Than

The excellent feature extraction ability of deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) has been demonstrated in many image processing tasks, by which image classification can achieve high accuracy with only raw input images. However, the specific image features that influence the classification results are not readily determinable and what lies behind the predictions is unclear. This study proposes a method combining the Sobel and Canny operators and an Inception module for ship classification. The Sobel and Canny operators obtain enhanced edge features from the input images. A convolutional layer is replaced with the Inception module, which can automatically select the proper convolution kernel for ship objects in different image regions. The principle is that the high-level features abstracted by the DCNN, and the features obtained by multi-convolution concatenation of the Inception module must ultimately derive from the edge information of the preprocessing input images. This indicates that the classification results are based on the input edge features, which indirectly interpret the classification results to some extent. Experimental results show that the combination of the edge features and the Inception module improves DCNN ship classification performance. The original model with the raw dataset has an average accuracy of 88.72%, while when using enhanced edge features as input, it achieves the best performance of 90.54% among all models. The model that replaces the fifth convolutional layer with the Inception module has the best performance of 89.50%. It performs close to VGG-16 on the raw dataset and is significantly better than other deep neural networks. The results validate the functionality and feasibility of the idea posited.

The “Idea of Human” Literary Category: Epistemological Potential

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav M. Golovko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Artistic Practice ◽  
Object Knowledge ◽  
Human Type ◽  
A Value ◽  
The World ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
Relevant Category ◽  
Successive Change

The “idea of human” (“type of attitude to the world”) is considered as a relevant category of the conceptual apparatus of the modern science of literature. The aim of the work is to analyze the theoretical and methodological potential of this category on the basis of large typological units of the literary process, marked with the concepts of “historical and literary era”, “artistic and cognitive cycle”, “literary direction”, “big style”, “artistic method”. The research used the methods of a typological and complex study of literary works, which in the synthesis of literary criticism and philosophy determine the strategy of searches in the field of theoretical and methodological content of the “idea of human” category as the foundation of the literary and philosophical anthropology of cultural and historical eras. The historical and genetic links between the worldview aesthetic principles and the artistic practice of literary trends are problematized. The logic of the research reveals the concept “object – knowledge”, fundamental for epistemology, in the aspects of the structuring of the knowledge of the methodological semantics of the “idea of human” category and of the functioning of the definitions “generalized idea of human”, “type of attitude to the world”, “concept of human and reality”, “whole of human”, “human as a value”. The article shows that the “idea of human” as a philosophical and aesthetic interpretation of the nature and essence of human at a certain stage in the development of artistic consciousness, worked out by the whole culture (R.R. Moskvina, G.V. Mokronosov) and defining integrity and logical consistency of the artistic system, is a synergistically functional semantic core of the historical and cultural era, and this core contains the dialectical potential of “negation of the negation”. As a variable, the historical “idea of human”, in the perspective of the stage development of artistic consciousness, undergoes dramatic changes and is realized in the logic of the successive change of historical and cultural epochs and their philosophical paradigms, in the constant alternation of “realistic” and “mystical”, materialistic and idealistic methods of cognition and images of human and the world (D.I. Chizhevsky, A.M. Panchenko, and others). The conclusions are substantiated that the successive development of literary trends, creative methods and their axiological systems is conditioned by the dynamics of “types of attitude to the world”; that the functioning of the “idea of human” category in literary discourse is focused on argumentation of the ontological nature of fiction, on the identification of philosophical and aesthetic principles that determine the systematic nature and the successive change of artistic and cognitive cycles; that the evolution of the “idea of human” within the framework of one artistic and cognitive cycle is fixed by the dynamics of genre systems since, in the correlations of method, genre and style, “the idea of human” acts as a factor in genre formation.

scholarly journals Insomnolent Anathemas

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-398
Author(s):  
Philip G. Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Insomnia ◽  
Short Article ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
To Receive

Over several decades during the second half of the last century, the Romanian-born Parisian intellectual E. M. Cioran penned a series of uneasy works whose despondent obsession with God is matched only by their utter disavowal of the reality of the divine. Wrestling pessimistically with nihilism in a world forged by chronic insomnia, illness, nicotine, and despair, Cioran confronts the theologian with a particularly radical articulation of unbelief hard-won at the “verge of existence,” and existence suffered as an “accident of God.” This short article explores the form and substance of Cioran’s biting and aphoristic expression of modern unbelief in an attempt to discern something of its theological significance. Perhaps theology would do well to receive this work as a necessary ascesis of its inapt and faithless contentment and ease with the world. And could it be that theology stands to be schooled in the near impossibility and profundity of hope by the cynicist’s surprising confession that, “Each time the future seems conceivable to me, I have the impression of being visited by Grace”?

Marine Safety Information

1988 ◽  
Vol 41 (02) ◽  
pp. 242-248
Author(s):  
A. C. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Safety Information ◽  
World Meteorological Organization ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
Marine Safety ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Marine Hazards

Marine Safety Information is defined as the coordinated service of navigational and meteorological warnings, meteorological forecasts and distress alerts.It represents the core information which the Master of a ship is required to receive under the provisions of chapters IV and V of the Safety of Life at Sea Convention (SOLAS).In essence these cover the responsibilities of nations to broadcast messages relating to marine hazards, the obligation placed upon Masters to report such hazards, and to receive messages broadcast about them.Three separate kinds of information are dealt with in the SOLAS Convention. First, Meteorological Services: these are the business of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), which seeks to coordinate the work of various national meteorological administrations. Unfortunately a multitude of overlapping services and areas have grown up out of an expanding practical requirement and capability. This has resulted in overlap of services and consequent multiplication of effort.

scholarly journals Żywe strefy wyobraźni. Przyjmowanie gości jako praktyka oporu

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-23
Author(s):  
Adam Pisarek
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Considerable Degree ◽  
A Value ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Order ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Polish Culture ◽  
Important Basis

This article concerns “living zones of the imagination”—areas of social life in which intensive “interpretive labor” is underway. Thanks to these zones, it is possible to engage in universally accepted exercises that enable a person to “see the world through the eyes of another person” and that yet do not disturb the current socio-cultural order. They provide an important basis for understanding among people, for harmonizing meanings in the sphere of social realities, and for integration that goes beyond certain permanent boundaries and hierarchies. The basic aim of the article is to prove that hospitality, understood as a value in Polish culture, could contribute to a considerable degree to the creation of such zones. The author analyzes the zones’ character, function, and meaning, paying attention to how they resist the expansion of bureaucratic ways of organizing social life. He also draws attention to the influence that an axio-normative pattern could havewithin specific models of behavior and cultural practices.

scholarly journals FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KONSUMSI GAS DI INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Rohim Rohim ◽  
Mike Triani
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
A Value ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Gas Consumption

The purpose of this research is to determine (1) the effect of income on gas consumption in Indonesia (2) the effect of population on gas consumption in Indonesia (3) the effect of industrial growth on gas consumption in Indonesia. This type of research is descriptive and associative. The data used in this research is secondary data from Indonesia in the form of time series data from 1970 to 2019 and this data was obtained from official institutions of the World Bank and BP Statistic World. The data were processed using multiple linear regression. The results showed that the income had a negative and significant effect on gas consumption with a probability value of 0.0005 <0.05, the population had a positive and significant effect on gas consumption with a value of prob t-count of 0.0010 <0.05 and industrial growth had a positive and significant effect on gas consumption.  The significant to gas consumption in Indonesia with a value of prob t-count value of 0.5219 <0.05 and suggestions for further researchers to be able to analyze other factors that affecting gas consumption in Indonesia.  Because from the gas sectors, there are still many factors that affected gas consumption until the research results will be better

scholarly journals Scientific Journals in COVID-19 times

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mal Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Editorial Team ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
The World ◽  
To Receive

Worldwide, 2020 was a difficult and challenging year for everyone, including for publishers of scientific journals. Many journals had difficulty sourcing reviewers because people were busier in unexpected ways and could not review a manuscript, or those who were able to review a manuscript often struggled to get it done in the prescribed time due to work and personal commitments. Even with this challenging year, the AJP published 51 research-related articles, slightly more than in 2019. We are confident that 2021 will also prove to be a positive in a publishing sense as we continue to receive manuscripts from national and international authors covering a broad range of topics. So, as we enter another year of uncertainty, the AJP’s editorial team look forward to meeting the challenges of 2021 as we continue to publish peer-reviewed articles from Australasia and around the world.

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