The resistance status of Aedes aegypti larvae to Temephos in Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mia Munawaroh Yuniyanti ◽  
Sitti Rahmah Umniyati ◽  
Ernaningsih

There are still many cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever and tend to increaseover time. One strategy to reduce the increase in cases of dengue infection isto eradicate Aedes aegypti as a vector using insecticides. The use of insecticidesfor a long time can cause resistance. The purpose of this study was to determinethe resistance status of Aedes aegypti larvae against temephos in Depok, Sleman.This quasi experimental test was carried out on 3rd instar larvae of aedesaegypti from RW 9 and 10 Minomartani, Depok, Sleman. The treatment groupwas exposed 0.02 ppm temephos for 24 hours. The analysis was presented in theform of percentage of larval mortality and resistance categories based on WHOguidelines. The mortality percentage of Aedes aegypti larvae in RW 9 was 100%,while the mortality from RW 10 was 97%. Aedes aegypti larvae in Depok district,Sleman are still susceptible to temephos at a dose of 0.02 ppm.

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rasyid Ridha ◽  
Budi Hairani ◽  
Gusti Meliyanie ◽  
Wulan Rasna Giri Sembiring ◽  
Abdullah Fadilly ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a global health problem and can be transmitted through vectors, namely Aedes aegypti. One of the controls can be through lethal ovitrap combined with attractant. This study aims to compare the percentage of trapped eggs, the number of eggs hatched, and larval mortality in the lethal ovitrap that were given two additional types of attractants. The insecticides used were temephos, while the attractants used were 20% straw soaking water, and water that Ae. aegypti have used to lay eggs. The type of research is an experiment with a completely randomized design. The sample used was female mosquito of Ae. aegypti that is full of blood from laboratory colonization. The results showed that straw soaking water was more influential attractant than the former Ae. aegypti colonization water in attracting Ae. aegypti mosquitoes to lay eggs. The highest larval mortality was found in a combination of lethal ovitrap with straw soaking water. Statistically there is an influence of the type of attractant on hatchability and the development of Ae. aegypti into adult mosquitoes. The combination of lethal ovitrap and attractant of straw soaking water can be an alternative control strategy for DHF program managers to reduce the density of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes and minimize transmission of dengue hemorrhagic fever in an area. Keywords: Aedes aegypti, attractant, lethal ovitrap, straw soaking water   ABSTRAK Demam berdarah dengue merupakan masalah kesehatan global dan dapat ditularkan melalui vektor yaitu Aedes aegypti. Salah satu pengendaliannya dapat melalui lethal ovitrap yang dipadukan dengan atraktan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan persentase jumlah telur terperangkap, jumlah telur menetas, dan mortalitas larva pada lethal ovitrap yang diberi tambahan dua jenis atraktan. Insektisida yang digunakan adalah temefos, sedangkan atraktan yang digunakan adalah air rendaman jerami dengan konsentrasi 20%, dan air bekas kolonisasi/telur larva Ae. aegypti. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dengan rancangan acak lengkap. Sampel yang digunakan adalah nyamuk Ae. aegypti betina yang kenyang darah hasil kolonisasi di laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa air rendaman jerami merupakan atraktan yang lebih berpengaruh dibandingkan air bekas kolonisasi Ae. aegypti dalam menarik nyamuk Ae. aegypti untuk bertelur. Mortalitas larva tertinggi terdapat pada kombinasi lethal ovitrap dengan air rendaman jerami. Secara statistik ada pengaruh jenis atraktan terhadap daya tetas dan perkembangan Ae. aegypti menjadi nyamuk dewasa. Kombinasi lethal ovitrap dengan atraktan air rendaman jerami dapat menjadi strategi pengendalian alternatif bagi pengelola program DBD untuk mengurangi kepadatan nyamuk Ae. aegypti dan meminimalisasi transmisi penyakit demam berdarah dengue di suatu wilayah. Kata kunci: Aedes aegypti, atraktan, lethal ovitrap, rendaman jerami


METANA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Edy Supriyo ◽  
Fransisca Sri Nugraheni ◽  
R.T.D. Wisnu Broto

Formula yang ada dipasar bebas hanya dapat membunuh nyamuk saja, maka dalam penelitian ini akan dilakukan  Produksi formulasi insektisida sebagai insektisida alternative pembunuh nyamuk dan jentik, dimana agrisol dan dodecyl benzen sulfonat merupakan emulsifier nonionic dan anionic sert bersifat hydrophilic. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi emusifier yang tepat dalam proses formulasi insektisida, sehingga kestabilan emulsi antara minyak dengan air dalam waktu yang cukup lama Pada percobaan pembuatan emulsifier konsentrat kemudian dilakukan uji kestabilan emulsi antara minyak dan air serta uji effikasi Maka dapat diproduksi formula yang digunakan sebagai bahan dasar insektisida dalam membasmi nyamuk dan jentik nyamuk Aedes aigepty. Disamping itu juga dapat menjadi formula obat nyamuk (insektisida) alternatif yang mudah diaplikasikan oleh masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa emulsifier concentrat yang terbaik adalah pada percobaan dengan formula komposisi: 17,38% propoxure; Malathion 17,39% agrisol; 13,01%  DBS, 47,83 % Xyline dan 4,35% additive dalam % berat. Dengan total emulsifier yang digunakan 30,5 % w/w  equivalent dengan 30 EC  Dari uji kestabilan antara minyak dan air didapat pelarut yang terbaik adalah thiner, dengan membentuk micro emulsi pada lapisan air sampai 12 minggu lebih, kestabilan emulsi tercapai pada CMC 0,42 % v/v pada lapisan minyak. Dari uji effikasi dengan pengencer thiner sebanyak 10x setelah dianalisa profitabilitas sesuai LD 50, didapat dosis . 0,025 -0,25 % (v/v), baik untuk telur nyamuk maupun jentik Aedes aegypti dengan prosentasi kemation 45-90%  Effectiveness of Solvent Usage as a Solvent for Insecticide Formula in Eradicating Aedes Aegypti Mosquitoes to Prevent Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Pesticide formulation which are available in market are only killed the mosquitos but not the larvae. Therefore Production formulation of insecticide as inscticide alternative to eridicate mosquitos and its larvae with agrisol and dodecyl benzen sulfonat as emulsifier nonionic and anionic hydrophilic. The reseach work was aimed to determine the best emulcifier concentrate in pesticide formulation  so that the emulsion of oil and water will be stable for a long time.  In reseach work the emulsifier concentrate was made, than emulsion stability test between oil and water as well as its effectivity were condected. This formulation could be used as active engridient for insecticide to kill Aedes aigepty mosquitos and its larvae and could be applied in the community.  The research showed that formulation consist of komposisi: 17,38% propoxure; Malathion 17,39% agrisol; 13,01%  DBS, 47,83 % Xyline dan 4,35% additive dalam % berat. Dengan total emulsifier yang digunakan 30,5 % w/w  equivalent 30% w/w.  Stability test of oil and water showed that the best solvent is thiner,  and formed micro emulsi on water film for more than 12 week.  Emulsion was stable by CMC 0,42 % v/v on oil film. From effication test and than analysis profitability revealed that LD 50, was . 0,025 -0,25 % (v/v), both for larvae and mosquitos presented dead 45-90%. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Windari ◽  
Mimatun Nasihah ◽  
Nur Lathifah Syakbanah

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an acute disease in the form of dengue virus infection which is spread through mosquito bites. The use of synthetic insecticides actually causes negative effects on the environment, so another alternative is needed, namely the use of bay leaf vegetable insecticides. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of bay leaf insecticide (Syzygium polyanthum) as an insecticide against the mortality of Aedes Aegypti mosquitoes with the liquid electric method. This study used a quasi-experimental (quasi-experimental) design with a completely randomized design (CRD) method where the experiment was conducted on 150 mosquitoes in 5 treatments and 3 replications. The results of the percentage of bay leaf solution (Syzgium polyanthum) which has the largest number of mosquito mortality at a concentration of 80 ml/200 ml of water with a mortality percentage of 60%. The result of probit LC50 analysis of bay leaf solution was 64,315 g/ml. The higher the concentration of the solution given, the greater the number of mosquito mortality. It is necessary to modify the right tools and methods to make a solution of bay leaf (Syzgium polyanthum) so that it is more effectively applied in the community.Keywords: bioinsecticide, bay leaf, liquid electric, mortality, Aedes aegypti


Author(s):  
Amirullah Amirullah ◽  
Nurhayu Malik ◽  
Eis Nurhiliya

ABSTRAK              Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak tanaman sereh (Andropogon nardus), biji mahoni (Switenia macrophylla) dan kombinasi keduanya terhadap mortalitas larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti untuk sampel adalah larva hasil rearing F2 yang diperoleh dengan ovitrap dari wilayah Kelurahan Kambu yang merupakan wilayah endemis Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD). Penelitian ini dilakukan di laboratorium Zoologi, FMIPA UHO, Kendari. Ekstrak tanaman sereh (Andropogon nardus) dan ekstrak biji mahoni (Switenia macrophylla) masing-masing dengan konsentrasi 1,5% dan 3,0% dan 4.5%. kombinasi kedua jenis ekstrak tersebut dipaparkan selama 24 jam untuk melihat mortalitas larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menghitung mortalitas larva Aedes aegypti dalam setiap jam pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, perlakuan dengan ekstrak biji mahoni (Switenia macrophylla) konsentrasi 4,5% menyebabkan mortalitas larva mencapai 100%, sedangkan ekstrak sereh (Andropogon nardus) konsentrasi 4,5% menyebabkan mortalitas larva tertinggi (98%) dalam 24 jam pemaparan. Pada kombinasi ekstrak tanaman sereh (Andropogon nardus) dan biji mahoni (Switenia macrophylla) dengan konsentrasi masing-masing 3.0% +3.0% dan  4,5%+4.5% menyebabkan mortalitas larva mencapai 100%. Berdasarkan WHO (2009), perlakuan ekstrak tanaman sereh (Andropogon nardus) dan ekstrak biji mahoni (Switenia macrophylla) dengan konsentrasi tersebut efektif sebagai larvasida untuk larva Aedes aegypti. Kata kunci: Mortalitas, larva Aedes aegypti, ekstrak sereh (Andropogon nardus), ekstrak biji mahoni (Switenia macrophylla). ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the effect of sereh grass extract (Andropogon nardus), mahogany seeds (Switenia macrophylla) and a combination of both of them to the mortality of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae for the sample were rearing F2 larvae obtained by ovitrap from the Kambu Village area which was an endemic area of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). This research was conducted at the Zoology laboratory, FMIPA UHO Kendari. Lemon grass extract (Andropogon nardus) and mahogany seed extract (Switenia macrophylla) each with a concentration of 1.0% and 3.0% and a combination of the two types of extract were exposed for 24 hours to see the mortality of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. Data collection was done by calculating the mortality of Aedes aegypti larvae in each observation hour. The results showed that treatment with mahogany seed extract (Switenia macrophylla) concentration of 4.5% caused larval mortality to reach 100%, while lemongrass extract (Andropogon nardus) concentration of 4.5% caused the highest larval mortality (98%) in 24 hours of exposure. The combination of lemongrass extract (Andropogon nardus) and mahogany seeds (Switenia macrophylla) with a concentration of 3.0%+3.0% and 4.5% + 4.5% caused larval mortality to reach 100%. Based on WHO (2009), the treatment of citronella extract (Andropogon nardus) and mahogany seed extract (Switenia macrophylla) at that concentration were effective  as larvacidal for larval Aedes aegypti mosqouitoes. Keywords: Mortality, Aedes aegypti, Plant Extracts of Lemon Grass (Andropogon nardus), Mahogany Seed Extract (Switenia macrophylla)


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wawan Kurniawan

ABSTRAK  Latar belakang: Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) disebabkan oleh virus Dengue dapat menyebabkan kematian. Pencegahan DBD yang dianggap paling tepat adalah Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk (PSN). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan pengendalian vektor Demam Berdarah pada siswa sekolah dasar terhadap Maya Index di Majalengka. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi experiment (pretest-posttest control group design). Sebanyak 4 sekolah terpilih sebagai kelompok intervensi dan 4 sekolah lainnya sebagai kontrol. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IV-VI yang terdiri dari 171 siswa pada kelompok intervensi dan 163 pada kelompok kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah formulir pemantauan jentik berkala. Hasil: Jumlah rumah dengan kategori Maya Index tinggi berkurang dari 27,5% menjadi 9,4%. Terjadi penurunan angka BRI kategori tinggi pada kelompok intervensi dari 20,5% menjadi 1,8%. Pada kelompok kontrol tidak terjadi penurunan angka BRI kategori tinggi (22,1%), sebaliknya terjadi penurunan kategori rendah dari 34,4% menjadi 3,7%. Tidak terjadi penurunan angka HRI pada kelompok intervensi maupun kontrol. Kesimpulan: Pelatihan pengendalian vektor Demam Berdarah dapat menurunkan nilai BRI dan Maya Index, tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai HRI. Tidak adanya perubahan nilai HRI menunjukkan bahwa kebersihan dan sanitasi lingkungan merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap probabilitas kejadian demam berdarah. Kata Kunci : Demam Berdarah, Maya Index, pelatihan, pengendalian vektor   ABSTRACT Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) caused by Dengue virus could cause death. The most appropriate prevention of Dengue is eradication of mosquito nests (PSN). This study aims to determine the effect of Dengue vector control training on elementary students towards Maya Index in Majalengka. Method: This study used quasi-experimental design (pretest-posttest control group design). A total of 4 schools were selected as intervention groups and 4 other schools as controls. The subjects were students in grades IV-VI consisting of 171 students in the intervention group and 163 in the control group. The instrument used was periodic larva monitoring form. Results: The number of houses with a high Maya Index category in the intervention group decreased from 27.5% to 9.4%. There was a decrease in the high BRI category in the intervention group from 20.5% to 1.8%. In the control group, there was no decrease in the high BRI category (22.1%), on the contrary, there was a decrease in the low category from 34.4% to 3.7%. There was no decrease in HRI rates both of intervention or control groups. Conclusion: Dengue Fever vector control training could decrease the value of BRI and Maya Index, but does not affect the value of HRI. The absence of changes in HRI  indicate that environmental hygiene and sanitation are factors that influence the probability of dengue fever occurrence. Keywords: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, Maya Index, training, vector control


Author(s):  
Nurul Qamila ◽  
Agel Vidian Krama

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a contagious disease caused by the dengue virus and is transmitted by the mosquito Aedes aegypti (Aa.aegypti). The population is still a public health problem that increases the number of sufferers and also widespread, with population and education. This study aims to reveal the spatial pattern and distribution of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) with the spatial pattern and the spread of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) can result in different locations of these allegations. From the map that can be used for the prevention of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DBD) in Bandar Lampung City. This study aims to reveal the spatial pattern and distribution of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) with the descriptive method and spatial pattern of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) can result in different locations of these allegations. From the map that can be used for the prevention of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DBD) in Bandar Lampung City. Keywords: DHF, Spatial Analysis


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