Teaching English Vocabulary with Greek or Latin Roots to Iranian EFL Students by PLS Sequential Structures

PLS is a newly developed language teaching method which predominantly applies imaginative and random usage of pictures. The present paper explains and reports the application of a PLS technique in teaching English vocabulary with Greek or Latin roots to Iranian EFL learners. A pretest-posttest control-group design was used to investigate the effects of this sequential structures technique. Participants were intermediate level EFL students in two branches of the same language institute in Tehran (N = 94, p ? 0.05). The subjects were randomly assigned into two groups of treatment and control. The experiment lasted for seven one-hour lessons held in successive sessions in three weeks during which 35 Greek and Latin roots were taught with at least three English word examples. For the research instrument, the students were administered a 35-item multiple-choice vocabulary exam for the pre and post tests prior to and immediately after the teaching phase. Consequently, an independent sample T-test was used to examine the outcome of the experiment. At p = .009, the statistical test revealed a significant difference in the gain scores between the two groups. Also, the mean vocabulary gain score of 7.23 for the treatment group as opposed to the mean of 5.35 for the control group illustrated the relative more L2 vocabulary intake for the treatment group.

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Pengaruh suplementasi Zn terhadap perubahan indeks TB/U anak stunted usia 24-36 bulan

JURNAL GIZI INDONESIA ◽

10.14710/jgi.5.2.98-104 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 98-104

Author(s):

Dewi Pertiwi Dyah Kusudaryati ◽

Siti Fatimah Muis ◽

Laksmi Widajanti

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Child Growth ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Dietary Allowance ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

And Control ◽

Height For Age

Background : Zn supplementation on stunted children in multiple research get the result inconsistent concerning the effect of Zn on children’s growth.Objective : To examine the effect of Zn supplementation to the change in height for index among stunted children age between 24-36 months.Methods: The research design is randomized pretest posttest control group design. The total of thirty six stunted children are divided into two groups. The treatment group is received syrup with 20 mg ZnSO4 twice a week for three months. The control group received placebo without Zn. Height for age z score (HAZ) on WHO Child Growth 2006 is used to measure height for age index while dietary intake and infection diseases are used as confounding variables.Result : There is significant difference in HAZ before and after supplementation at treatment group (p<0.001) and control group (p<0.001). There is a significant difference of the change in HAZ between the treatment group and control group (p=0.006). Percentage Achievement of Energy, Protein, and Zn Dietary Allowance have significant difference between the treatment group and control group (p=0.009; p<0.001; p<0.001, respectively). The change in HAZ, Percentage Achievement of Energy, Protein, and Zn Dietary Allowance are higher in treatment group than control group. Duration of diarrhea (p=0.045) and morbidity (p=0.019) are lower in treatment group than control group. Conclusion : Zn Supplementation among stunted children have significant effect on the change in HAZ, dietary intake, and infection.

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Antibacterial Activity of Lumbricus Rubellus Earthworm Extract Against Porphyromonas Gingivalis as the Bacterial Cause of Periodontitis

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2019.222 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 1032-1036 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

I Gusti Agung Ayu Dharmawati ◽

Tjokorda Gde Bagus Mahadewa ◽

I Putu Eka Widyadharma

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Lumbricus Rubellus ◽

Control Group ◽

Inhibitory Zone ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Zone Diameter ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean

AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of Lumbricus rubellus earthworms through inhibitory zone diameter to the growth of the bacterium Phorphyromonas gingivalis as the cause of periodontitis. METHODS: This was an experimental study with randomised posttest-only control group design. The study was conducted at the Microbiology Research Center laboratory at the Faculty of Dentistry, Airlangga University, Indonesia. The study was conducted in vitro, the sample size was calculated using the Federer formula as many as four agar plates containing bacteria Phorphyromonas gingivalis, with each plate given five different treatments: control (ethanol), Lumbricus rubellus earthworm extract (ECT) with concentrations of 50%, 25%, 12.5%, and 6.25% respectively. The data in the form of inhibition zone diameter (measured in millimetres) obtained were tested using One-Way ANOVA. RESULTS: The mean diameter of the inhibitory zone extract of Lumbricus rubellus earthworm on the growth of Phorphyromonas gingivalis bacteria in the treatment group had significant differences (p < 0.05). The mean inhibition zones between controls and the ECT treatment group (ECT 50%, ECT 25%, ECT 12.5%) were statistically different (p < 0.05), in contrast with ECT 6.25% (p > 0.05) which did not show significant difference with the control group (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Lumbricus rubellus earthworm extract with a concentration of 50% has the largest diameter of the inhibitory zone on the growth of the Phorphyromonas gingivalis bacteria. The 6.25% earthworm extract showed no antibacterial activity against the growth of Phorphyromonas gingivalis bacteria.

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EFEKTIVITAS INTERVENSI PSIKOEDUKASI TERHADAP KEPATUHAN BEROBAT PASIEN SKIZOFRENIA

Real in Nursing Journal ◽

10.32883/rnj.v1i1.226 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Neila Sulung ◽

Nice Foresa

Keyword(s):

Health Education ◽

Treatment Compliance ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Psychosocial Therapy ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control ◽

Experimental Group

Psychoeducation is one form of intervention, both for families and clients who are part of the psychosocial therapy. Psychoeducation aims to increase knowledge about schizophrenia patients and families and to improve treatment compliance. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of psychoeducation intervention for treatment compliance of schizophrenia patient. The kind of this research is quasiexperimentalwith control group design with 16 samples that was selected by pusposive sampling, consist of 8 people was the experimental group that was given psychoeducation intervention and 8 people was the control group that was given health education. The datawas collected by filled the observation sheet as much as 12 statements. The Test that used was T-Test Independent with p value <0.05. The result of this research is the mean of treatment compliance on experimental group is 11,00 and control group 6,88. In statistic test showed that there is the significant difference between treatment compliance of schizopheria patient on experimental group and control group with p value 0,0005 (p < 0,05).Based of the result above can be concluded than psychoeducation intervention more effective to increase the treatment compliance of schizophrenia patients than health education. It is recomended to the nurse in health center to implements this psychoeducation regularly in gives nursing care to schizophrenia patients. Keywords : psychoeducation, treatment compliance, schizophrenia

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Default sequence of Mozart’s compositions during pregnancy gave higher dendritic density in the cerebrum and cerebellum of Rattus norvegicus offsprings compared with reversed sequence and control

Majalah Obstetri & Ginekologi ◽

10.20473/mog.v1i12019.5-11 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 5

Author(s):

Harry Mangasi Binsar Panjaitan ◽

Hermanto Tri Joewono ◽

Widjiati Widjiati

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

Control Group ◽

Exposure Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Group Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Test ◽

And Control

Objectives: This study aim to determine sequence of Mozart songs in the analyzing differences in dendritic density of cerebellum and cerebellum of new born Rattus novergicusMaterials and Methods: Experimental study randomized post test only control group design using Rattus norvegicus. Animal subjects were divided into three groups which were control group, and the treatment group that were given exposure to default sequence and reversed sequence of Mozart's music from gestation day 10. We used a comparison test in the analysis expression of BDNF.Results: In the cerebrum there was a significant difference in the Mozart group in reverse rather than with Mozart standard sequence and in standard Mozart group with no exposure group, with p=0.003 and p=0.000. In the cerebellum there was a significant difference in the group in reverse rather than with standard Mozart and in the standard Mozart group with the control group, with p=0.000 and p=0.000. However, there was no significant difference between control group and Mozart group upside down in cerebrum and cerebellum with p=0.109 and p=0.077Conclusion: The density of dendrites in the cerebrum and cerebellum of Rattus norvegicus newborn exposed to Mozart's music during pregnancy with standard Mozart sequence was higher than that in those receiving reverse order and without exposure. There were no significant differences between the density of the cerebrum and cerebellum dendrites between groups exposed to reversed sequence of Mozart composition and those without exposure.

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Using Karaoke Videos to Teach Japanese Vocabulary to Taiwanese University Students

Journal of Language Teaching and Research ◽

10.17507/jltr.1001.06 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 51

Author(s):

Abolfazl Shirban Sasi ◽

Toshinari Haga

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

University Students ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Gain Scores ◽

Group Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Teaching Learning ◽

And Control

This paper reports the usage of Japanese karaoke films in order to enhance learning Japanese vocabulary among students in a university in Taiwan. A pretest-posttest control-group design was implemented in which the treatment students (55 girls and 48 boys) were given Japanese vocabulary lessons via listening to and watching two karaoke films, while the control group (62 girls and 47 boys) received their Japanese vocabulary lessons through only listening to the same songs (N=212, P ≤ 0.05). The treatment lasted for six consecutive regular general Japanese classes in which the last 20 minutes of the session was allocated to this experiment. The statistical independent samples T-tests used for each of the three comparisons in this study revealed a significant higher gain scores for the girls treatment group, while the boys treatment and control, as well as the general (all) students treatment and control groups did not show any significant difference. Given the ever-growing usage of karaoke in many countries such as Taiwan, the authors believe that addressing the possible and potential capabilities of such a favorable activity, particularly among the youth, can prove effective and helpful in teaching/learning Japanese and other languages.

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Effectiveness of Kangaroo Mother Care in Weight Gain among Newborn Babies in AVBRH Hospitals of Wardha

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i46b32972 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 532-537

Author(s):

Archana Maurya ◽

B. Lakhakar ◽

Bibin Kurian ◽

Switi Besekar

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Kangaroo Mother Care ◽

Control Group ◽

Breathing Patterns ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control ◽

Experimental Group

Introduction: Kangaroo Mother Care is a simple and feasible intervention; acceptable to most mothers admitted in hospitals. There may be benefits in terms of reducing the incidence of hypothermia with no adverse effects of Kangaroo Mother Care. Kangaroo Care infants showed improvement in regular breathing patterns and virtually no periodic breathing, weight gain in low birth babies, suggesting that Kangaroo Mother Care is safe for these infants. Materials and Methods: Randomized control trai, l experimental and control group design was used in study this study was conducted in post natal wards of AVBR Hospital. In this study samples were newborns that were fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. 500 newborns were selected and it was equally divided into two groups as control 250 and experimental 250. Random sampling technique was used in this study. A checklist regarding the frequency and duration of KMC was prepared for the experimental group. Results: The mean weight gain in the control group at birth is 2.71, on discharge it is 2.53 and on follow up it is 3.07. The mean weight gain in the experimental group at birth is 2.74, on discharge it is 2.67 and on follow up it is 3.31. Conclusion: Significant difference was found in the mean weight gain between experimental and control group. Thus it is concluded that KMC is effective in increasing the weight of the newborn babies.

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Microfinance Impact on Microbusiness Development in Africa

10.4018/978-1-7998-7499-7.ch001 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 1-26

Author(s):

Yahaya Alhassan ◽

Samuel Salia ◽

Uzoechi Nwagbara

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Capital Stock ◽

Northern Region ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Control Group ◽

Financial Exclusion ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

The Government ◽

And Control

This chapter applies the control group experiment to study whether microfinance improved microbusiness growth in Ghana. According to this approach, statistically significant difference in the outcome between treatment and control groups is an indication of impact of the microcredit on microbusiness development. Thus, this chapter compares the mean monthly sales, number of employees, business assets, and capital stock of microbusinesses that received microfinance (the treatment group) and the mean monthly sales, number of employees, business assets, and capital stock of microbusinesses that did not receive microfinance (the non-treatment group) in seven municipalities identified by various non-governmental organisations as areas of financial exclusion in the Northern Region of Ghana using survey data. Results indicate that microfinance impacted positively on microbusiness development. These findings have policy implications for the government of Ghana and agencies that are interested in using microfinance as a catalyst for economic growth in deprived communities in other countries.

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The Effectiveness of Chain Drill Technique in Teaching Speaking

Jurnal Kependidikan: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian dan Kajian Kepustakaan di Bidang Pendidikan, Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran ◽

10.33394/jk.v4i2.1120 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Dira Permana ◽

Heri Hidayatullah ◽

Nurul Hafizah

Keyword(s):

T Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Speaking Test ◽

Group Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Test ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan teknik Chain Drill dalam mengajarberbicara bahasa Inggris. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu menggunakan pretest-posttestcontrol group design. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data sampel pada penelitian ini adalah tesberbicara dalam bentuk instruksi. Teknik yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah pretest danposttestberbicara. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianaisis dengan menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptifdan inferensial untuk menarik sebuah kesimpulan. Berdasarkan analisis, ditemukan bahwa skor rata-rata post-test lebih tinggi dari skor rata-rata pre-test (64≥37), sedangkan di kelas kontrol, skor rata-rata post-test jugalebih tinggi daripada skor rata-rata pre-test (50≥30). Dari data yang diperoleh, diperoleh perbedaan skor baikpada post-test dari pre-test antara kedua kelas; kelas eksperimen 14≥7 untuk kelas kontrol yang menunjukkanskor eksperimen lebih tinggi daripada kelas kontrol. Analisis lebih lanjut pada uji-t, ditemukan bahwa skor uji-t(2,52) lebih tinggi dari t-tabel (1,671) dengan tingkat kebebasan 42. Dengan kata lain, Ha diterima dan Hoditolak, dimana terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam perolehan selisih skor antara kelas eksperimen dankontrol. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan teknik Chain Drill efektif dalam mengajarberbicara. Abstract: This study aims at finding out the effectiveness of Chain Drill technique in teaching speaking. Thisstudy useda quasi-experimental research method with pretest-posttest control group design. The instrumentused to gain data of samples was a speaking test in the form of instruction. The technique used to collect datawas pretest and posttest of speaking test. Data gained were subsequently analyzed by using descriptive andinferential statistical analysis from which a conclusion was drawn. Based on the analysis, it was found that themean score of post-test was higher than the mean score of pre-test (64≥37), while in the control class, the meanscore of post-test was also higher than the mean score of pre-test (50≥30). From the data obtained, it was foundthe difference in score both in post-test from pre-test between the two classes; experimental class 14≥7 forcontrol class which showed experimental score was higher than the control class. The further analysis on the t-test, it was found that t-test score (2.52) was higher than t-table (1.671) with the degree of freedom 42. In otherwords, H a was accepted and H o was rejected in which there was a significant difference in scores betweenexperiment and control class. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of Chain Drill technique is effective inteaching speaking.

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THE EFFECT OF GIVING DATE FRUIT AT THE END OF PREGNANCY TOWARDS CERVICAL RIPENING

Jurnal Delima Harapan ◽

10.31935/delima.v8i1.118 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 69-78

Author(s):

Rezah Andriani

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Phoenix Dactylifera ◽

The Body ◽

Cervical Ripening ◽

Control Group ◽

Bishop Score ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean

One of the nonpharmacological therapies to trigger the performance of the oxytocin hormone for cervical ripening and acceleration of first stage labor is consuming fresh dates. Dates contain the oxytocin which can help stimulate contractions in the uterine muscles. Dates (Phoenix Dactylifera) contain carbohydrate can be directly absorbed by the body. Dates can be useful for labor, by consuming dates 60-70 grams per day at 4 weeks before giving birth to pregnant women it will be useful for cervical ripening and acceleration of first stage labor. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving dates at the end of pregnancy on cervical ripening in pregnant women at PMB Ellna and Zuniawati in 2020. This study used a quantitative approach, the method was a quasi-experimental type of posttest control group design. The result the mean bishop score in the treatment group (11.1) was higher than control group (8.6). The mean duration of the first stage labor in the treatment group(231.1 minutes) was faster than control group (297.8 minutes). Statistically there was a significant difference in the bishop score and the duration of the first stage labor between the treatment group and the control group p <0.05.

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The Effect of Using Students Peer Teaching on Iraqi EFL Students' Achievement in the Course of Library and Research Work

Journal of Education College Wasit University ◽

10.31185/eduj.vol1.iss33.771 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (33) ◽

pp. 693-714

Author(s):

. Muntaha Sabbar Jebur

Keyword(s):

Basic Education ◽

Teaching Method ◽

Research Work ◽

Peer Teaching ◽

Control Group ◽

College Of Basic Education ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Test ◽

Efl Students ◽

Experimental Group

Peer teaching is a strategy that allows the students to teach the new content to each other, and they must be accurately guided by instructors. The researcher proposes that the use of students peer teaching may promote students' achievement and ensure the engagement of all the students in the learning process. Therefore, the researcher employs it as a teaching method aiming at investigating its effect on Iraqi EFL students' achievement in the course of Library and Research Work . The study hypothesizes that there is no significant difference between the students' achievement who are taught library and research work by students peer teaching and that of the students taught by the traditional way. The experimental design of the study is Parallel Groups, Random Assignment, posttest. Each group consists of 35 students, chosen randomly from the Third Year Students at the Department of English in the College of Basic Education. Both groups were matched in terms of their age and parents' education. The experiment was fulfilled in the first course for 15 weeks during the academic year 2016-2017. The same materials were presented to both groups. This included units from Writing Research Paper by Lester D. . Post-test was constructed and exposed The t-test for independent samples was used to analyze the results and it is found out that there is a statistical difference between the two groups in their achievement because the calculated t- value 2.635 is bigger than the tabulated t- value which is 2.000, and also shown the superiority of the experimental group. The results indicate that the experimental group, who was taught Library and Research Work by peer teaching was better than the control group, who was taught according to the traditional way. So, the null hypothesis is rejected. Finally, some recommendations and suggestions are presented in the light of the study findings. to a jury of experts to verify its validity and it was administered to both groups.

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