scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT PARTS EXTRACT IN DIFFERENT SOLVENT SYSTEM OF A WASTE WEED - CALOTROPIS PROCERA.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Dattatreya Kar ◽  
Pratap Keshari Pattanaik ◽  
Bibhudutta Pattnaik ◽  
Ananya Kuanar
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Compounds

 Objective: In the current study, we have focused on the major secondary metabolite containing parts such as flower, leaf, and root for phytochemical extraction with three different solvent systems to make a comparative study against three virulent bacteria species which are capable of intestinal infection, pneumonia, skin infections, and food poisoning.Methods: Antimicrobial activity of ethanol, methanol, and chloroform extracts from bark, leaves and roots of Calotropis procera, was examined against three virulent bacteria species: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis using disc diffusion method.Results: The ethanol extract of leaf showed significant activity against S. aureus with a zone of inhibition ranging from 14 to 20 mm for S. aureus. The ethanol extract of flower was effective against E. coli with maximum 18 mm. Ethanol extract of root showed significant activity against S. aureus. Methanol extract of leaves showed moderate activity against S. aureus with a zone of inhibition ranging from 14 to 20 mm. Methanol extract of root showed significant activity against S. aureus with a zone of inhibition ranging from 12 to 22 mm. Methanol extract of flowers showed activity against E. coli with a zone of inhibition ranging from 11 to 20 mm. The chloroform extract of leaves showed significant activity against S. aureus. Chloroform extract of flower showed activity with zone of inhibition ranging from 11 to 17 mm for S. aureus chloroform extract of root showed activity against E. coli with zone of inhibition ranging from 9 to 17 mm.Conclusion: From the above study, it can be concluded that the activity of the plant extract may be due to the secondary metabolites or broad-spectrum antibiotic compounds present in it.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Sonchus Oleraceus l (Leaves) Extracts

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Hatim MY Hamadnalla ◽  
◽  
Mahdi Abd Elmageed Mohammed ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Sonchus Oleraceus

The objective of this study to examine phytochemical analysis of sonchus oleraceus l, (asteraceae) (moliata) extracts which were extracted by four solvents, petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and distill water and to assess their potential antibacterial against four standard bacteria gram-positive and gramnegative (bacillus subtilis staphylococcus aureu, salmonella typhi, and pscudomona aeruginosa) and antioxidant activities. (moliata) extracts using cold maceration method to extract sonchus oleraceus l, (asteraceae) locally known as (moliata) extracts, where dpph assay and paper disc diffusion assay were employed to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities respectively. The results showed that tannins, triterpenes, a sterols, flavonoids and cardiac glycosides compounds were present in the sonchus oleraceus l, (asteraceae) lives (moliata) extracts. The methanol extract of leaves showed high antioxidant potential (77± 0.03 % ) and chloroform showed low antioxidant potential activity (4±0.09) compare with propyl gallate as standard (93± 0.010 %) against dpph. Chloroform extract was effective and give moderate zone of inhibition against staphylococcus aureus. Methanol extract was effective and showed moderate zone of inhibition against staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtilis, salmonella typhi and pseudomonas aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Radical Scavenging of Piliostigma reticulatum using FRAP and DPPH

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Radical Scavenging Ability ◽  
Radical Scavenging Properties ◽  
Piliostigma Reticulatum

The antibacterial activity, phytochemical constituents and the radical scavenging ability using FRAP and DPPH of Piliostigma reticulatum were investigated in this study. Of all the solvent extracts used to assay the antibacterial effect, ethanol extract had the highest activity, followed by the aqueous extract with very weak activity against Pseudomonsa aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi and E. coli, methanol extract had no visible effect on the test organisms while ethyl acetate was active against only E. coli. The presence of phytochemicals such as alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, anthraquinones, phenol, tanin and saponin was observed. Antinutrients such as Tanin, Phenol, Phylate, Oxalate, Saponin and Flavonoids in copious amount. Ethanol extract of P. reticulatum was found to have the highest antioxidant ability, followed by the methanol extract. Ehtyl acetate extract had minimal radical scavenging ability. The antibacterial effect, phytochemical content and the radical scavenging properties of the plant makes it a good candidate in the development of antimicrobial therapeutics.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Solanum Xantocarpum SCH & WEND (Fruit) Against Pathogens Isolated From Diabetic Foot Ulcer

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Shubha. K S ◽  
Lakshmidevi. N
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Zone ◽  
E Coli

<div><p><em>In<strong> </strong>the present study efficacy of various solvent extracts of S. xantocarpum fruit  was assed against  six pathogenic bacteria Proteus, E. coli, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter and S. aureus, isolated from  diabetic foot ulcer.  Among the different extracts ethyl acetate showed highest activity in terms of inhibitory zone against E. coli, where as in ethanol extract significant activity was seen against Enterobacter.<strong></strong></em></p></div>

Antibacterial Activity of Nanoparticles Produced by Ethanol Extract of Boesenbergia rotunda Rhizome Loaded with Chitosan and Alginic Acid Against Streptococcus mutans by In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Atun ◽  
Sri Handayani ◽  
Melia Aliffiana ◽  
Hajar Nur Afifah ◽  
Anna Rakhmawati
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Alginic Acid ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

The antibacterial activity of three Cupressaceae plants (Thujaoccidentalis,ThujaorientalisandChamaecyparisobtusa) was tested against three bacteria using the agar diffusion method. The ether and ethylacetate fraction of crude methanol extract from the three plants showed potent antibacterial activity against the tested microorganisms. The result showed that Staphylococcus aureus revealed the most sensitivity among the tested bacteria. Thujaoccidentalisether fraction and Thujaorientalis hexane fraction exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. E. coli was shown the highest MIC values compared to the other two tested bacteria, which indicates the lowest antibacterial activity against the bacterium. This study promises an interesting future for designing a potentially active antibacterial agent from the three Cupressaceae plants.

Phytochemical Screening and HPTLC study of Padina tetrastromatica (Hauck)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-309
Author(s):  
Subhash R Yende ◽  
Sumit K Arora ◽  
Vipinchandra B Pande ◽  
Keshav S Moharir ◽  
Abhay M Ittadwar
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Marine Ecology ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Natural Substances ◽  
Padina Tetrastromatica ◽  
Rf Values

The marine ecology is diverse with innumerable types of natural substances, both of plant and animal origin. Padina tetrastromatica (PT) (Hauck) is a brown algae belonging to the order Dictyotales, found in coastal region. The objective of present investigation was to evaluate phytochemical profile of extracts of PT. The air dried plant material was defatted and extracted successively with solvents of increasing polarity. Incumbent study was performed with standard qualitative phytochemical tests and HPTLC fingerprint analysis using CAMAG HPTLC system. The results showed the presence of phytoconstituents like sterols, terpenoids, flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids and carbohydrates. Furthermore, components present in extracts were resolved in best possible solvent system by HPTLC. The chloroform extract of PT displayed eight peaks, in which those with Rf values 0.28 and 0.72 were more predominant. Whereas ethanol extract of PT exhibited nine peaks, in which maximum Rf value was found to be 0.82. In conclusion, the data of this study provide useful guide and suitability for investigation of biological activity of the plant according to the phytochemical groups observed. However, further work is needed to standardize the above chemical constituents in comparison with biomarker and this result can also be measured along with the other data for setting up the standards to this plant.

scholarly journals Antibacteria Assesement of Aframomum melegueta [roscoe] k. Schum [alligator pepper] Fruit on Bacteria Pathogen Isolated from the Urinary Tract

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
T. F. Abodunrin ◽  
M. K. Oladumoye ◽  
F. T. Borishade ◽  
E. B. Akande ◽  
O. I. Afolami
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
E Coli

This study aims at assessing the Antibacterial activity of Aframomum melegueta against Urinary Tract bacteria. The study was carried out at the Microbiology department laboratory of the Federal University of technology, Akure, Ondo state, Nigeria, between February and June, 2018. Agar diffusion method was used in the susceptibility test, whie tube dilution method was used determination of Minimum Inhibitory concentration. The phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, flavinoids, saponins and tannins in both the Methanol and Pet-ether fruit extract, the result also showed that the concentration of all these compounds are higher in the Methanol extract than in the Pet-ether extract. The in-vitro Susceptibility test showed that E. coli, P. mirabilis, S. aureus were sensitive to methanol extract of Aframomum. melegueta at 100 mg/ml with E. coli showing the highest  zone of Inhibition of 13.67 ± 0.24 mm, while all the organisms were resistant to Pet-ether extract at this concentration of 100 mg/ml except for E. coli with a zone of inhibition of 10.93 ± 0.07 mm at a highest concentration of  400 mg/ml. S. aureus was sensitive to Pet-ether showing a zone of inhibition of 16.97±0.09 mm while E. coli had 20.33 ± 0.23 mm, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa were resistant to both extract at all the tested concentration. Methanol Extract had MIC values of 50 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml for E. coli, P. mirabilis, S. aureus respectively while the Pet-ether extract had an MIC values of 100mg/ml and 200 mg/ml for E. coli, and S. aureus respectively. The MBC values for Methanol Extract were 100 mg/ml, 200 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml for E. coli, P. mirabilis, S. aureus respectively while that of Pet-ether extract was 100 mg/ml for Escherichia coli.

Phytochemical characterization and antibacterial activity of Eclipta alba (L.) L. (Asteraceae) against some dental micro flora from Mewar region of Rajasthan, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
N. R. Keer ◽  
J. Singh ◽  
K. L. Meena
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Eclipta Alba ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation

In the current study, phytochemical characterization and antibacterial activi-ty of Eclipta alba (L.) L. leaf extract against some dental micro flora have been investigated. Plant species was collected from Chittorgarh district Mewar region of Rajasthan. Dried leaves were subjected to methanol extrac-tion. Phytochemical investigation was carried out to determine the possible bioactive components in the methanol extract of E. alba leaves using standard methods. All concentrations of the extract exhibited considerable antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis and Micrococcus luteus. During the study 100 mg/ml extract showed maximum zone of inhibition 13 mm against E. coli, 12 mm against P. aeruginosa and 14 mm zone of inhibition against B. subtilis, 12 mm zone of inhibition against M. luteus.

Design, Synthesis and Antibacterial, Antifungal Activity of Some Coumarin Acetohydrazide Derivatives

2021 ◽  
pp. 3931-3937
Author(s):  
A. R. Chabukswar ◽  
P.V. Adsule ◽  
P.B. Randhave ◽  
Manini Mantri
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Gyrase Inhibitors

We have designed and synthesized (Z)-2-(5-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl) oxy)-N’-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidin) acetohydrazide derivatives by reacting 7-hydroxy-4-methyl-coumarin and substituted isatin to afford 12 substituted coumarin acetohydrazide derivatives. The synthesized compounds of coumarin acetohydrazide derivatives were designed and evaluated to study for their possible interactions as DNA gyrase inhibitors. All the synthesized coumarin acetohydrazide compounds have been characterized by spectral analysis IR, 1H NMR and mass spectroscopy. The compounds have been evaluated for In vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity against S. aureus, B. subtilus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and fungi C. albicans and A. niger. In case of Gram positive bacteria and Gram negative bacteria Compound P5C, M5C, C5C exhibited significant activity. Compounds P5N, M5N, C5N shown moderate activity. Compound P5C, M5C, C5C shown significant Antifungal activity against C. albicans and A. niger. Compounds P5C, M5C, C5C are found to exert significant antibacterial as well as antifungal activity and can serve as potential compound against infectious diseases in future.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Two Flavans from the Stem Bark of Embelia schimperi

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Babe Guyasa ◽  
Yadessa Melaku ◽  
Milkyas Endale
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
E Coli

Embelia schemperi Vatke is one of the medicinal plants used traditionally for treatment of intestinal tape worm, dysmenorrheal, bacterial, and fungal infections. Phytochemical screening test of the dichloromethane/methanol (1 : 1) and methanol extracts revealed the presence of phenols, alkaloids, tannins, and flavonoids whereas terpenoids, glycoside, and phytosterols were absent. Silica gel column chromatographic separation of the methanol extract afforded 3,5,7,3′,4′-pentahydroxyflavan, named epicatechin (1), along with a close flavan derivative (2). Structures of the compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques (1D and 2D NMR, FTIR, and UV-Vis). The crude extracts and isolated compounds were screened for in vitro antibacterial activity against strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Cryptococcus neoformans, Shigella dysentriae, and Staphylococcus aureus. Epicatechin (1) exhibited comparable antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli (15 and 12 mm zone of inhibition, resp.) to that of the control antibiotic gentamicin, with zone of inhibition of 15 and 12 mm, respectively, at a concentration of 20 µg/mL.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial and Antihypercholesterolemic Activities of Pulicaria gnaphalodes

Dose-Response ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 155932582090485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Ali Raza Naqvi ◽  
Syed Muhammad Ali Shah ◽  
Laiba Kanwal ◽  
Muhammad Saeed ◽  
Atta-ul-Haq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Alternative Therapies ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition

Multidrug resistance has increased globally in the communities. Bacterial infections associated with health care have weakened the existing antimicrobial therapy and demand the search for alternative therapies. In the present investigation, the medicinal plant Pulicaria gnaphalodes from Quetta, Pakistan, has been screened for antimicrobial potential. In vitro antimicrobial efficacy of P gnaphalodes extracts (methanol and ethanol) was quantitatively evaluated on the basis of zone of inhibition against different bacteria and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). In vivo, antihypercholesterolemic activity is determined in different rat groups. The results of the study indicated that the ethanol extract of P gnaphalodes showed maximum zone of inhibition for Bacillus subtilis of 12.1 ± 1.1 mm from all others. The methanol extract showed maximum zone of inhibition for Staphylococcus aureus of 11.9 ± 1.0 mm and rifampicin showed maximum zone of inhibition of 23.1 ± 0.9 mm. The results of ethanol and methanol extract of P gnaphalodes against different bacteria revealed that this plant has greater antimicrobial activity. However, the plant extract shows nonsignificant antihypercholesterolemic activity. The extract of this plant can be utilized as medicine to inhibit several infections caused by some bacterial pathogens found in human body.

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