scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Sonchus Oleraceus l (Leaves) Extracts

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Hatim MY Hamadnalla ◽  
◽  
Mahdi Abd Elmageed Mohammed ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Sonchus Oleraceus

The objective of this study to examine phytochemical analysis of sonchus oleraceus l, (asteraceae) (moliata) extracts which were extracted by four solvents, petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and distill water and to assess their potential antibacterial against four standard bacteria gram-positive and gramnegative (bacillus subtilis staphylococcus aureu, salmonella typhi, and pscudomona aeruginosa) and antioxidant activities. (moliata) extracts using cold maceration method to extract sonchus oleraceus l, (asteraceae) locally known as (moliata) extracts, where dpph assay and paper disc diffusion assay were employed to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities respectively. The results showed that tannins, triterpenes, a sterols, flavonoids and cardiac glycosides compounds were present in the sonchus oleraceus l, (asteraceae) lives (moliata) extracts. The methanol extract of leaves showed high antioxidant potential (77± 0.03 % ) and chloroform showed low antioxidant potential activity (4±0.09) compare with propyl gallate as standard (93± 0.010 %) against dpph. Chloroform extract was effective and give moderate zone of inhibition against staphylococcus aureus. Methanol extract was effective and showed moderate zone of inhibition against staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtilis, salmonella typhi and pseudomonas aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity and Phytochemical Screening of Euphorbia helioscopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. WAHEED ◽  
S.K. MUHAMMAD ◽  
A. SHOMAILA ◽  
Z. MUHAMMAD ◽  
U. IZHAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Fungal Strain ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition

ABSTRACT: Medicinal Plants have been used throughout the world by human beings as a drug and remedies for various diseases since time immemorial. A study was planned to count into the antimicrobial activity and phytochemical screening of Euphorbia helioscopia. The plants were gathered and tested against some standard strains and some human pathogenic microorganisms i.e Escherichia coli, Bacillus Subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and three fungal strain Trichoderma, R hizopus nigricans, Aspergillus niger. The concentrations of extracting samples (500 and 1,000 mg mL-1) were used against pathogens. Ciprofloxacin was used as positive control in case of bacterial strains and Colfrimazol was used against the fungal strain while dimethyl sulfoxide as negative control. The outcomes indicated that the positive wells potency of Water extract had a 36 mm diameter of zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli and ethanol extract at 1,000 mg mL-1 had maximum (34 mm) zone of inhibition against Bacillus subtilus (36 mm) zone of inhibition against Klebsiella pneumonia and 33 mm of zone of inhibition against Trichoderma harzianum. Likewise, water extract at a concentration of 1,000 mg mL-1 resulted highest value of zone of inhibition (36 mm) against Staphylococcus aureus, a zone of inhibition ( mm) against Salmonella typhi, 36 mm zone of inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, (32 mm) zone of inhibition against Rhizopus nigricans, a 34 mm zone of inhibition against Acremonium and (34 mm) zone of inhibition against Aspergillus niger. The most susceptible bacteria were K. pneumonia and Bacillus subtilis, while E. coli was the most resistant bacteria and showed zone of inhibition. The ethanolic extract had tannins, lipid, total proteins, carbohydrates, flavonoids, Alkaloid and polyphenolics.

scholarly journals Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and antibacterial efficacy of methanol and hexane extract of Centella asiatica

BIBECHANA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Shanta Pokhrel ◽  
Prabha Neupane
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Toxicological Studies

Centella asiatica is well known for its anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, analgesic, diuretic properties. Its hexane and methanol extracts were screened for the presence of phytoconstituents as well as their antibacterial and antioxidant activity. The phytochemical screening showed the presence of carbohydrate, glycosides, flavonoids, phenolic compound, alkaloids, and saponin. The methanol extract showed more effective antibacterial activity against salmonella typhi. Antioxidant activity of methanol extract was evaluated by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity showed potent antioxidant activities with IC50 value 3.74 μg/mL slightly higher than standard ascorbic acid (IC50 = 2.576 μg/mL). The present study indicates that the tested plant can be an important source of antibacterial agents and recommends that the active phytoconstituents be isolated, identified, and screened individually for activities and also subjected further for in vivo and toxicological studies. BIBECHANA 18 (2) (2021) 18-25

scholarly journals Citrus Fruit Peels in Combating Various Foodborne Pathogens

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-66
Author(s):  
Aziz Fatima ◽  
Maham Ghouri ◽  
Toba Sajid
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Citrus Peel ◽  
Peel Extract

Foodborne diseases are the world's main problem in a society nowadays; many phytochemicals are of great interest to scientists. Herbal medicines can be used to treat many infectious diseases. In our study, we focus on screening of antibacterial activity of the lemon (Citrus limon) and orange (Citrus sinesis) peels against various pathogens. Bioactive compounds have been found in variety of citrus fruits that have favorable impact on human health. The major component; flavonoids have been found in the peels of citrus fruits in large amount. Citrus peel has a rich amount of flavonoid and other poly methylated flavonoids (exceptional to some plants). These antibacterial compounds exhibit antibacterial activity and have wide application in both food and pharmaceuticals industries. The citrus peel extracts show effective antimicrobial activity. The antagonistic activity of selected citrus peel extracts was determined by agar well diffusion; against test organisms i.e. Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Bacillus subtilis isolated from food products. Effectiveness of peel extracts are measured in terms of inhibitory zones in millimeter. The methanol extract of lemon peel displayed zone of inhibition in between 5mm to 8mm and methanol extract of orange peel displayed zone of inhibition about 10mm and 11mm. It was observed that lemon peel extract has maximum antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis (8mm) and minimum antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi (5mm) whereas orange peel extract has maximum antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis (11mm) and minimum antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi (10mm). Both Citrus peels extract showed considerable antibacterial activity against all tested foodborne pathogens. Our main focus was the use of herbal treatments against various infections which overcome the emergence of upcoming superbugs.

Turmeric and cinnamon dominate in antioxidant potential among four major spices

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Saranya ◽  
T Sulfikarali ◽  
S Chindhu ◽  
A M Muneeb ◽  
N K Leela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Power Method ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Synthetic Antioxidant

Antioxidant activity of sequential extracts of black pepper, ginger, turmeric and cinnamon was determined by DPPH assay, phosphomolybdate method and ferric reducing power method and compared with that of the synthetic antioxidant BHA. The results revealed that methanol extract of cinnamon has highest antioxidant potential followed by chloroform extract of turmeric. The antioxidant potential was also correlated with total phenol content.  

Comparison of Hypoglycemic and Antioxidant Activities of the Compounds Isolated from Ficus hispida Linn. and Ficus pomifera Wall

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 621-630
Author(s):  
Ashalata Nepram ◽  
Sujata Wangkheirakpam ◽  
Warjeet S. Laitonjam
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hypoglycemic Activity ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Ficus Hispida

Background: Traditional knowledge has been a legacy of the past to the present. Barks of Ficus hispida Linn. and leaves of Ficus pomifera Wall. (Moraceae) have been used traditionally for the treatment of diabetes in North-east India and many other places. As many drugs have been developed from traditional plants, the authors have taken up the plants for the study of hypoglycemic activity. Objective: To investigate the hypoglycemic activities of the triterpenoids isolated from the plants and their antioxidant activities. Methods: The bioactive compounds were determined by biochemical analysis, antioxidant activity using DPPH method. Hypoglycemic activity was detected using glucose tolerance test in normal rats and alloxan induced diabetic rats with Gliclazide as standard. Results: The biochemicals and trace elements were present in appreciable amounts. Triterpenoids, (1-5), from F. pomifera and 19-hydroxyphlogacantholide (6), 3-O-[ß-D-glucopyranosyl-(1’→2’)-α- L-rhamnopyranosyl-phlogacanthoside] (7) and galanolactone (8) along with stigmasterol (9), stigmasta- 5,22-dien-7-on-3ß-ol (10), 5-(decahydro-1,1,4a-trimethyl-6-methylene-5-yl)-3-methylpent-2- enal (11), stigmasterol glucoside (12) and stigmast-4-en-3-one (13) from F. hispida Linn., respectively, were isolated. The different extracts of the barks and leaves of these plants along with the isolated compounds had antioxidant and hyploglycemic activities. Conclusions: The five triterpenoids (1-5) were isolated from the methanol extract of the leaves of F. pomifera, and compounds (6-13) were isolated from the chloroform extract of the barks of F. hispida. Methanol extract of the leaves of F. pomifera and the chloroform extract of the barks of F. hispida; compounds (1-13) isolated from these two plants reduced DPPH free radicals in a concentrationdependent manner. It was also observed that the methanol and chloroform extracts of the plants, F. pomifera and F. hispida respectively, and the compounds (1, 6 & 7) exhibited anti-diabetic properties and also caused a highly significant reduction in the blood glucose levels of normal rats.

scholarly journals Quantitative Ethnomedicinal Status and Phytochemical Analysis of Berberis lyceum Royle

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Nausheen Nazir ◽  
Abdur Rahman ◽  
Faheem Uddin ◽  
Atif Ali Khan Khalil ◽  
Muhammad Zahoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Phytochemical Composition

Berberis lyceum Royle has such pronounced medicinal values that it is used as cure of many diseases and has exhibited great therapeutic effects among the local communities throughout the world. The present research was carried out to evaluate the quantitative ethnobotanical status and phytochemical analysis of B. lyceum. Regular field trips were arranged to the study area (Shangla District) in August 2017 to October 2019 and interviews with 100 residents (age range: 30 to 50 years) were conducted. The approach adopted for ethnobotanical data was semi-scientific as the inhabitants were not aware about the modern names of some diseases and therefore physician prescriptions were also consulted. Ethnobotanical data were examined using relative frequency of citation and % use value. The % use value of B. lyceum indicates that the people of District Shangla mostly used it for curing of different diseases. In spite of tremendous uses the plant still survived in this area mainly due to the non-accessibility for humans of the mountain tops; otherwise, increase in anthropogenic activities even in these hilly areas poses a threat of the eradication of this plant. To correlate the folkloric uses with its phytochemical composition, HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) analysis was performed and a total of six phenolic compounds (quercetin, chlorogenic acid, berberine, rutin, mandellic acid, and hydroxy benzoic acid) were identified in its root. As most of the health complications are correlated to oxidative stress therefore in vitro antioxidant activity were also performed using DPPH (2, 2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2, 2′-azinobis-3-ethyl benzo thiazoline -6- sulfonic acid) assays. The observed antioxidant potential may most probably be due to berberine and chlorogenic acid that were present in highest concentration in the analyzed extract. The effectiveness of the selected plant as remedy for a number of diseases (that were pointed out by the local community) may be due to its phytochemical composition especially berberine and chlorogenic acid as oxidative stress is the root cause of many diseases. The plant extract exhibited high antioxidant potential (DPPH IC50 = 165µg/mL; ABTSIC50 = 110µg/mL) in relation to the detected concentration of berberine and chlorogenic acid. It can be inferred from experimental results that the ethnopharmacological efficacy of this endangered species may be due to its phytochemical composition and antioxidant activities. This case study helps to revive the importance of B. lyceum in local communities and emphasizes the need for its conservation.

Phytochemical analysis, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant assay of Bhut Jolokia pepper

2021 ◽  
pp. 3775-3778
Author(s):  
Dharani Dharan ◽  
K. Venkatesh ◽  
S.S. Meenambiga ◽  
Dhivya Dhanasekar ◽  
P. Arumugam
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Antioxidant Assay ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
Bhut Jolokia ◽  
Antimicrobial Assay

The presented work represents phytochemical analysis, Antioxidant assay and Antimicrobial activity of Bhut jolokia pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq) extracted by ethanol as solvent. The ethanolic extract of Bhut jolokia pepper showed the presence of terpenoids, steroids, saponins and flavonoids. Antimicrobial assay was done with varying concentration (250-1000µg/ml) of pepper extract using tetracycline as control by well diffusion method, the extract at 750µg/ml shown best inhibition zone and Staphylococcus aureus showed the highest zone of inhibition at all concentration compared to other bacteria species with maximum zone of inhibition of 27mm. The DPPH scavenging assay for antioxidant activity at 517nm showed positive activity for scavenging, scavenging increased with the concentration of extract. Thus, Bhut jolokia could be effective in treating diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus from antimicrobial assay result.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SWIETENIA MAHAGONI – A HIGHLY MEDICINAL PLANT IN INDIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Dhanapaul Vinoth Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Antibacterial Study ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Swietenia Mahagoni

The present study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of Swietenia mahagoni leaf extract. The leaf extract was subjected to a variety of phytochemical analysis. The qualitative phytochemical tests exhibited the presence of common phytocompounds like alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phlobatannins, flavanoids, terpenoids and volatile oils as major active constituents. The plant (Swietenia mahagoni) leaf has valuable medicinal uses, hence petroleum ether (18.2g) was found to be a good solvent for the phytochemical and antibacterial study. Similarly, the Methanolic leaf extract of Swietenia mahagoni has highest zone of inhibition on Bacillus subtilis.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA ROOT EXTRACTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 166-170
Author(s):  
SHUSHIL BHUSAL ◽  
KHAGA RAJ SHARMA
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Meoh Extract ◽  
Etoac Fraction

Objectives: The present study was designed to investigate the phytochemical analysis, antioxidant potential, and antibacterial activities of the traditionally used medicinal plant Glycyrrhiza glabra. Methods: The plant secondary metabolites were extracted through cold percolation using methanol (MeOH) as a solvent. The MeOH extract was further fractionated in different solvents in increasing order of polarity. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay. The antibacterial activity was studied by agar well diffusion method. Results: The antioxidant potential IC50 was found 43.13, 104.83, and 200.11 μg/ml for ethyl acetate (EtOAc), MeOH, and chloroform (CHCl3) extracts, respectively. The EtOAc fraction showed the potent antioxidant with IC50 43.13 μg/ml compared to the standard ascorbic acid 58.76 μg/ml. The antimicrobial activity exhibited by MeOH extract against Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6051) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538P) zone of inhibition was 18 mm and 17 mm, for chloroform extracts 15 mm and 13 mm, and for EtOAc fraction 11 mm against Bacillus subtilis. The highest dilution that yielded no single bacteria colony on the nutrient agar plates for Bacillus subtilis and S. aureus of MeOH extract was found 0.39 mg/ml and 6.25 mg/ml, for chloroform extract 3.125 mg/ml and 6.25 mg/ml and EtOAc fraction against Bacillus subtilis was 12.50 mg/ml as minimum bactericidal concentration. Conclusion: The plant extracts showed potent antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The results support for using the G. glabra in bacterial infection which provides partial scientific validation for using the plant against bacterial infections.

scholarly journals Study on antibacterial activity of Calotropis procera

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Muzammal
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Mic Value

Comparative study of plant extracts crude and aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic with antibiotics, provide evidence that calotropis procera extracts has the similar antibacterial activity as these antibiotics against test pathogens i.e. Salmonella typhi and E.coli. The analysis of antimicrobial activity of aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic extract of leaves and flower of Calotropis procera was carried out in disc method and also determined MIC value at 600nm through optical density using spectrophotometer. The zone of inhibition produced by extracts was examined and compares it with zone produced by antibiotics. The effect exhibited by ethanolic extract of leaves and flower was significantly greater than the aqueous and methanolic extract of leaves and flower. Crude extracts i.e. latex, leaves, fruit and flower crude extracts. Among them, flower crude extracts shows similar zone of inhibition to test anitibiotics.while in MIC value, we made different concentration of extracts and antibiotics.i.e for crude we made 25%, 50%.75% and 100% concentration of crude juice and for the aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic we made 0.5mg/mL,1mg/mL,2mg/mL,3mg/mL,4mg/mL, 5mg/mL and 6mg/mL in Dimethyl salfoxide, and same antibiotics concentration. Aqueous leaves extracts show MIC at 0.5mg/ml against E.coli while against Salmonella it shows MIC at 1mg/ml... We also determine phytochemical analysis for presences of different compounds in crude extracts. The obtained results provide a support for the use of Calotropis procera, in traditional medicine and suggest its further advance investigation.

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